Zugl.: Paderborn, Univ., Diss., 2007

Thesis (doctoral)--München, 1980.

This dissertation thesis deals with uptake, accumulation and transformation of arsenic and selenium in plants growing on soils with different chemico-physical soil properties. The contents of arsenic were investigated in 99 wild plant species, coming from 27 different families and 6 different vegetables growing in arsenic contaminated soils. The results suggest that there are species-specific mechanisms which protects certain plants from the excessive uptake of arsenic from the soil. On the other hand, there are plants using a strategy of accumulation, which theoretically may increase the risk of arsenic entry into the food chain, whether through grazing cattle and wildlife or through consumption of vegetables growing on arsenic contaminated soils. The most prevalent arsenic compounds are AsV and AsIII. Other arsenic compounds occure as minor species. An important finding was detection of arsenobetaine in Plantago lanceolata L. and Carex praecox Schreb .. The contents of selenium were examined in 73 species of wild plants, coming from 29 different families. The results suggest that naturally low levels of selenium in the soil of selected locations along with a low capability of selenium uptake via collected plant species lead to the low content of selenium in plant biomass which may contribute to selenium deficient throughout the food chain. Foliar application of selenate on wild plant communities and on some types of vegetables in our case Brassica oleracea var. italica can have a positive impact on increasing the selenium content in the aboveground biomass of these plants and by extension, increase the selenium content in the human diet. Dominant selenium compounds in the aboveground biomass of the analyzed plants were SeVI and selenomethionine, with variable proportion of other commonly occurring organic selenium compounds, which is mainly affected by plant species.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Universität Hannover, 1982.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2002--Heidelberg.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2005--Karlsruhe.

Untersuchungen zur Arsenbelastung von Grünland in Abhängigkeit der Arsenkonzentration in Böden. Darstellung der Einflussfaktoren und Handlungsempfehlungen zur Arsenreduzierung.

Kutná Hora and its surrounding environment was affected by mining Ag, later Pb - Zn ore, lasting several centuries. As a result of mining, extreme concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids, especially As, in waters, soils and plants are. The aim of this work was to study the elemental composition of soils and tree rings, including processes between soil and plants on contaminated and uncontaminated area to describe biogeochemical processes between soil and plants. Elemental composition (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, Tl, Pb) were determined in soils and tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) using ICP - MS. The measured concentrations of elements indicate contamination of soils and tree rings due to mining and metallurgical activities. The highest concentrations of As in soil (14 977 mg/kg) were found at contaminated site (Kaňk) at depth of 40 - 50 cm. This locality is situated on the heap, where waste from the mining and processing of ores are deposited, together with minerals and weathering products containing As. The uncontaminated area (Sukov) exhibited the maximum concentration of As in soils 124,38 mg/kg at a depth of 5 - 10 cm, due to the contamination by dust from the contamined sites. The highest concentrations of As in tree rings were determined in the contaminated area...

Die Studie bestätigt, dass regional höhere Arsenverbindungen in sächsischen Böden über das Futter in die Nahrungskette gelangen können. Im Einzelnen zeigte sich, dass weder durch Zusatz von synthetischen As-Verbindungen bis 50 mg je kg TM noch durch Beimischung einer As-haltigen Erde bis 23 mg As je kg TM die mikrobielle Aktivität in den Vormägen der Wiederkäuer beeinträchtigt wird. Ein Versuch mit Mutterschafen zeigt, dass bei einer As-Zulage übers Futter größere As-Mengen über das Blut in alle Gewebe transportiert und dort eingelagert werden. Erhöhte As-Konzentrationen in den Plazenten und dem Blut neugeborener Lämmer lassen vermuten, dass ein plazentaler Übertritt von As in den Fötus stattfindet. Die As-Absorption der Lämmer und As-Einlagerung in die Gewebe aus der Milch war demgegenüber gering. Die Akkumulation im tierischen Gewebe war trotz 10-facher Grenzwertüberschreitung jedoch minimal (Homöostase).

Universiẗat, Diss.--Bonn, 2004.