Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1920. / Typewritten. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record.

Visando explorar como as empresas de consultoria especializadas em avaliação de impacto ambiental promovem a gestão do conhecimento, foram levantadas práticas adotadas por oito empresas atuantes neste ramo. O estudo procurou verificar se há relação entre a classificação das empresas no contínuo de Maister (1997) com as práticas e ferramentas propostas por Silva (2004), fundamentadas, por sua vez, no ciclo de aprendizado de Nonaka e Takeuchi (1995), com os repositórios de conhecimento utilizados pelas empresas e com suas experiências relacionadas à criação, troca e retenção de conhecimento. Utiliza-se como método de pesquisa a aplicação de entrevistas qualitativas com integrantes chaves destas organizações. Conclui-se que o nível de diversificação de atuação das consultorias, em relação a mercados e territórios, pode indicar quais ferramentas de GC são mais apropriadas para essas organizações. / In order to explore how environmental consulting companies specialized in environmental impact assessments promote knowledge management, practices adopted by companies operating in this field were raised. The study attempts to verify whether there is relationship between the classification of companies in the Maisters continuous (1997) and the practices and tools proposed by Silva (2004), based in turn in the cycle of learning proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), with the knowledge repositories used by companies and their experiences related to knowledge creation, exchange and retention. It is used as the research method the application of qualitative interviews with key members of these organizations. The conclusion of this study is that the level of consultants diversification, regarding markets and territories, may indicate the most appropriate KM tools for these organizations.

Visando explorar como as empresas de consultoria especializadas em avaliação de impacto ambiental promovem a gestão do conhecimento, foram levantadas práticas adotadas por oito empresas atuantes neste ramo. O estudo procurou verificar se há relação entre a classificação das empresas no contínuo de Maister (1997) com as práticas e ferramentas propostas por Silva (2004), fundamentadas, por sua vez, no ciclo de aprendizado de Nonaka e Takeuchi (1995), com os repositórios de conhecimento utilizados pelas empresas e com suas experiências relacionadas à criação, troca e retenção de conhecimento. Utiliza-se como método de pesquisa a aplicação de entrevistas qualitativas com integrantes chaves destas organizações. Conclui-se que o nível de diversificação de atuação das consultorias, em relação a mercados e territórios, pode indicar quais ferramentas de GC são mais apropriadas para essas organizações. / In order to explore how environmental consulting companies specialized in environmental impact assessments promote knowledge management, practices adopted by companies operating in this field were raised. The study attempts to verify whether there is relationship between the classification of companies in the Maisters continuous (1997) and the practices and tools proposed by Silva (2004), based in turn in the cycle of learning proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995), with the knowledge repositories used by companies and their experiences related to knowledge creation, exchange and retention. It is used as the research method the application of qualitative interviews with key members of these organizations. The conclusion of this study is that the level of consultants diversification, regarding markets and territories, may indicate the most appropriate KM tools for these organizations.

Expansion, development and knowledge have characterized the economy in recent decades and we are now living in a knowledge society. This has created an alteration in the typical features of the assets where invisible capital in the form of intellectual capital has become more important. An uncertainty has arisen in how the intellectual capital should be accounted for and how it is valued and assessed by stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to investigate how financial advisors value and assess intellectual capital within knowledge companies, also understand the possible irrational elements in their process because of the ambiguity of this capital. A qualitative method is used in this study where interviews with five financial advisors within the banking sector are carried out. The result demonstrates that there is a similar understanding about what intellectual capital is, but that valuation and assessment of this vary. The result also indicates that human capital is the essential asset for knowledge companies. Elements of irrational decisions also have a meaning in their valuation and assessment process. The conclusion is that intellectual capital is still something that stakeholders find difficult to grasp, and when valuing and assessing knowledge companies with significant intellectual capital, elements of irrational decisions are implied to be more obvious. / Expansion, utveckling och kunskap har präglat ekonomin de senaste decennierna och vi lever nuförtiden i att kunskapssamhälle. Detta har skapat en förändring i tillgångarnas typiska drag där osynligt kapital i form av intellektuellt kapital har blir mer väsentligt. En oklarhet har då uppstått i hur det intellektuella kapitalet ska redovisas och för den delen värderas och bedömas av externa intressenter. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur finansiella rådgivare värderar och bedömer det intellektuella kapitalet och då specifikt hos kunskapsföretag, även förstå möjliga irrationella inslag i deras process på grund av otydligheten av detta kapital. En kvalitativ metod används i denna studie där intervjuer med fem stycken finansiella rådgivare inom bankväsendet genomförts. Resultatet antyder ett samförstånd kring vad intellektuellt kapital är men att värdering och bedömning varierar, där humankapitalet antyds vara den väsentliga tillgången för kunskapsföretag. Inslag av irrationella beslut har även en betydelse i deras värdering-och bedömningsprocess. Slutsatserna är att det intellektuella kapitalet är fortfarande något som externa intressenter har svårt att greppa och vid värdering och bedömning av kunskapsföretag medväsentligt intellektuellt kapital antyds inslag av irrationella beslut bli mer påtagliga.

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Ce travail sur l’iconographie de Fortune au Moyen Âge et à la Renaissance se base sur un corpus de plus d’un millier d’images dont seul un tiers y est reproduit. L'enquête commence par une nécessaire étude lexicographique qui permet de mieux cerner les sens du mot latin « fortuna » ainsi que ceux du mot français « fortune » entre le xie et le xvie siècle. Une seconde partie s’intéresse au motif iconographique de la Roue de Fortune médiévale – i.e. cette roue sur le pourtour de laquelle prennent place des personnages dont le premier monte, les second trône, le troisième tombe et le dernier gît à terre –, depuis sa genèse dans un manuscrit bénéventain datant des années 1060-1070 jusqu’à sa diffusion sur toutes sortes de supports (peinture murale, sculpture monumentale, mosaïque, etc.) ainsi qu’aux différents usages de ce motif (didactiques, emblématiques, divinatoires). Une troisième partie recense les nombreuses variantes que génère au fil des siècles ce très fécond motif : Roue de la Vie, Roues animales satiriques, Roue des Vicissitudes de l’Humanité, etc. Une quatrième partie étudie la personnification de Fortune qui apparaît au xiie siècle, tant dans les images que dans les textes, avant de devenir l’une des vedettes de l’iconographie de la fin du Moyen Âge, la figure de Fortune se retrouvant dans d’innombrables manuscrits de Boèce, Jean de Meun, Boccace ou Christine de Pizan. La cinquième et dernière partie est consacrée à la mutation que connaît Fortune à la Renaissance, mutation qui la voit changer tant de forme que de fonction, l’aveugle et duplice déesse du sort abandonnant alors sa fonction didactique – et la roue d’exemples qui va avec – pour devenir une accorte jeune femme nue à la mèche de cheveux flottant au vent dont la fonction est propitiatoire et l’usage emblématique. / This work on the iconography of Fortune in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance is based on more than one thousand images of which only one third is reproduced in the document. The study begins with a lexicographical study aiming at better understanding the various meanings of the Latin word « fortuna » and the French word « fortune » from the xith to the xvith centuries. The second section addresses the iconographical pattern of the mediaeval Wheel of Fortune – i.e. that wheel where four human beings occupy different positions on the rim: the first ascends, the second is enthroned, the third falls and the fourth lays on the ground – from its inception in a 1060-1070 Beneventan manuscript to its diffusion to various media (mural painting, monumental sculpture, mosaic, etc.) as well as its different uses (didactic, emblematic, divinatory). The third section identifies the numerous variations that this fertile pattern has generated over the centuries: Wheel of Life, satirical animal Wheels, Wheel of Vicissitudes of Humanity, etc. The fourth section studies the personification of Fortune which appears in the xiith century before becoming a star of late mediaeval iconography, her figure gracing innumerable manuscripts of Boethius, Jean de Meun, Giovanni Boccaccio or Christine de Pizan. The fifth and final section is devoted to Fortune’s mutation during the Renaissance: changing both form and function, the blind and treacherous goddess of fate gives up her didactic function – and the wheel of examples that comes with it – and becomes a beautiful naked woman with a forelock whose function is propitiatory and use emblematic.