Abstract  In 2001, the Australian government implemented the Pacific Solution, which is known today as Operation Sovereign Borders. This policy is designed to hold asylum-seekers arriving by boat to Australia on Pacific islands that are geographically and politically external to Australia, keeping them in what is commonly known as offshore processing and detention centers. This thesis examines the way in which these offshore processing detention centers are portrayed in the media and provides a comparative study between Australian and international publications through qualitative text analysis of the consistently occurring themes in news coverage of the issue. The importance of the thesis originates from the previous lack of international media coverage and criticism revolving around the offshore processing detention centers.

CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of political sciences LGBTQ issues of the right to asylum and the refugee status Master thesis 2019 Jon Landaluze Aurre Author: Jon Landaluze Aurre Supervisor: JUDr. Milan Lipovsky, Ph.D. Study programme: MAIN Academic Year: 2018/2019 Bibliographic note LANDALUZE, Jon. (2019) LGBTQ issues of the right to asylum and the refugee status. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences. Institute of Political Science. Supervisor: JUDr. Milan Lipovsky, Ph.D. Abstract Here we find a thesis on the topic of refugee protection and the specific area of LGBTQ applicants. This is a topic that still nowadays is important to analyze, since the acceptation and evolution of these specific cases is something that evolves throughout the present times. The objective of it is to first define the refugee definition and to see if the definition that is given is actually interpreted in the way that it protects this group of people worldwide. It then goes to analyze the European interpretation of the topic and the issues that usually arise when making decisions about international protection of the applicants, concluding with the problems that actually happen and the possible solutions to avoid them. Keywords Refugees, Asylum, LGBTQ, Persecution, International...

Magister Legum - LLM / Refugee women experience the full spectrum of Sexual and Gender-based Violence (SGBV) throughout the refugee experience. SGBV is a global crisis that refugee women are subjected to daily. Refugee women face SGBV in their countries of origin, during the journey, in transit, and upon arrival within their country of asylum. The SGBV that refugee women experience is often not considered a priority and the physical consequences of SGBV such as sexually transmitted diseases, infertility, unwanted pregnancy, injury and vulnerability to disease is often overlooked or ignored. Although there are international laws and domestic laws which are drafted to prevent and protect refugee women against SGBV, refugee women are in reality not effectively protected and refugee women have remained extremely vulnerable to SGBV.

Thesis advisor: Utku Unver / Thesis advisor: Bumin Yenmez / This dissertation consists of two chapters. Both are centered around the theory and design of markets, in which the use of money is prohibited and/or strongly undesirable. In my first chapter, I study multi-object assignment problems. Here, the assignment of graduate students to teaching assistant positions over the course of two semesters, serves as an illustrative application. In my second chapter, I propose an alternative way to distribute asylum seekers among European member states based on the preferences of both sides. Chapter 1: Multi-Object Assignment: Booster Draft In my first chapter, I ask the question of how to divide among a set of n individuals a set of n × m indivisible objects without using monetary transfers, in a way that is efficient, incentive compatible, and ex-post fair. A well known impossibility result shows that the only mechanisms that are both incentive compatible and efficient are dictatorship mechanisms. I fill a gap in the literature by describing a novel mechanism that is both incentive compatible and fair in the responsive preference domain. The mechanism is inspired by booster drafts used in competitive card game tournaments. The idea is to arbitrarily divide the set n × m objects into m \boosters" (sets) of size n and specify a priority order for each such booster. Afterwards the individuals pick objects from the boosters in order of priority. The outcome of the booster draft mechanism can be improved if additional knowledge about a particular market is incorporated into the creation of boosters. I point out a special case of multi-object assignment problems, motivated by the allocation of teaching assignments among graduate students. In this domain the creation of the boosters is straightforward. Indeed, at the Boston College economics department, graduate students are assigned exactly one fall and one spring semester task over the academic year. Here the optimal way of creating boosters is to group up all spring teaching assignments in one booster and all fall semester assignments in the other. In this case the balanced booster draft is not only strategyproof and fair, but also weakly efficient (dominance efficient). Moreover, for this restricted assignment domain I characterize the set of all booster drafts as any (strongly) strategyproof, neutral and non-bossy mechanism. In the final part of the paper I take a closer look at the teaching assistant assignment problem, using date on the submitted rankings over semester-tasks by graduate students. The simulation exercise provides additional evidence that the proposed mechanism is a sensible practical solution. In particular, I show that for a simple measure of welfare students prefer a balanced booster draft to a serial dictatorship mechanism if they are mildly risk averse. Chapter 2: An Alternative Asylum Assignment The 2015 refugee crisis has demonstrated the necessity of revising the current European asylum system. As an alternative, I propose to take into account preferences of asylum seekers as well as preferences of member states. Asylum seekers indicate how long they are willing to wait for their asylum application for any given member state, allowing them to avoid overburdened member states by opting for \less popular" member states. Within the market design literature, this is the first paper proposing to match asylum seekers as opposed to refugees. In other words, its stays much closer to the template of the Common European Asylum System. From a theoretical perspective, it turns out that the asylum seeker framework can be formulated as an application of the well-known matching with contracts model by Hatfield and Milgrom (2005a). This simplifies the analysis a great deal, as matching with contracts is a well studied framework within the matching/market design literature. I show that the standard cumulative offer mechanism (Gale and Shapley, 1962a; Hatfield and Kojima, 2010a) is asylum seeker incentive compatible and leads to stable outcomes, using the fact that the proposed choice functions have a completion satisfying substitutability and the law of aggregate demand Hatfield and Kominers (2016). Moreover, stability implies two sided Pareto efficiency, giving consideration to both preferences of member states and asylum seekers. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.

The phenomenon of asylum seekers seeking refuge in foreign countries has become an intricate global challenge, often raising questions about successful integration and participation within host societies. This paper dwells on the multifaceted relationship between asylum seekers and their active engagement in the integration process. Drawing from interdisciplinary research encompassing psychology, peace and migration studies, the paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the factors that shape asylum seekers' participation and contributions to their host communities. The thesis provides a nuanced understanding of integration, emphasizing its multidimensional nature encompassing economic, social, cultural, and policy level dimensions. It then explores the barriers and facilitators that impact asylum seekers' participation in these dimensions, such as personal experiences, social attitudes, language proficiency, legal frameworks, and access to education and employment opportunities. Moreover, the study examines the role of host society's perception and attitudes in influencing asylum seekers' willingness and ability to integrate. Highlighting the significance of reciprocal interactions, the paper also investigates the ways in which asylum seekers' active engagement contributes to the host society's own integration process. This includes fostering intercultural communication, enriching diversity, and potentially challenging stereotypes and prejudices. The analysis sheds light on potential avenues for policy and practice interventions that can enhance the integration process and maximize the benefits of asylum seekers' participation. The research provides a comprehensive evaluation of the complexities surrounding asylum seekers’ integration and participation. Using a qualitative research framework, the research examined responses from 15 asylum seekers who had first-hand experience of the barriers and motivators to participating in integration programs. The study adopted an interpretivist research perspective guided by inductive reasoning to deduce critical themes from the responses. The researcher used semi-structured interviews that were analyzed using thematic analysis.

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Yes / Asylum-seeking and refugee women currently residing in Europe face unique challenges in the perinatal period. A range of social support interventions have been developed to address these challenges. However, little is known about which women value and why. A critical interpretive synthesis was undertaken using peer reviewed and grey literature to explore the nature, context and impact of these perinatal social support interventions on the wellbeing of asylum-seeking and refugee women. Four types of interventions were identified which had varying impacts on women’s experiences. The impacts of the interventions were synthesised into five themes: Alleviation of being alone, Safety and trust, Practical knowledge and learning, being cared for and emotional support, and increased confidence in and beyond the intervention. The interventions which were most valued by women were those using a community-based befriending/peer support approach as these provided the most holistic approach to addressing women’s needs.

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate how asylum seekers may experience different interview methods in the asylum investigation in Sweden. An inductive qualitative data collection technique was used in this study, where semi-structured interviews were conducted with six asylum seekers in four different cities in Sweden. This study was influenced by the grounded theory approach in the way of creating codes, concepts and themes from the empirical data analyzed in thematic and constant comparison method. The results show three different themes, namely ‘‘the expressions of the feelings, possibilities to expressions and possibilities and difficulties.’’ as they present the asylum seekers views of different interview methods. The role theory was chosen in relation to the asylum seekers different behavior toward the interview methods. The results indicated the possibilities for different roles as: ‘‘psychological unbalanced role, technology skilled role, technology challenged role and the apprehensive role’’

This diploma thesis deals with the topic of the French and EU asylum policies and their reciprocal influence. The main goal of this thesis consists in demonstrating (if applicable) France's success in enforcing its legislation at the European level, or if it is rather the opposite phenomenon that prevails: the necessity of the implementation of asylum rules (that have been approved in the EU) to the French regulations. The whole thesis is grounded on the concept of Europeanization which determines a theoretical framework that serves as a basis for the empirical part, consisting of an analysis of the development of French and common European asylum legislation first. The crucial part of this thesis is the fourth chapter where the interconnection between the theoretical and empirical part takes place as well as the discovery of the link between the French and European asylum legislation and drawing of consequences that respond to initial propositions.