Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:46:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaARQ_DISSERT.pdf: 1628961 bytes, checksum: 76cb55c766edc58ebcd8828acbccae74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-14 / This study thus sought to examine knowledge about TB and attitudes of patients families in disease treatment in Primary Health Care in Natal- RN. To this end, a cross-sectional study was undertaken through a questionnaire with families of patients diagnosed with TB and follow up by APS from Natal. The study subjects were recruited from a non-probabilistic way, by convenience, contemplating a sample of 50 families. Among the criteria considered for inclusion of subjects, older than 18 years were considered, as well as residing with the TB patient and in Natal and availability to participate in the research. Data collection was performed by own researcher and an assistant, through a questionnaire with families of patients diagnosed with TB following the double independent digitalization of data. In the analytical phase, was initially conducted an exploratory phase and univariate data, with description of the position measurements (mean, median, mode) and dispersion (confidence interval and standard deviation). In bivariate analysis, it was conducted an intersection of dependent variables of knowledge e and changes of attitude dichotomous, with each of the independent variables, using contingency tables and calculating the chi-square test and, when appropriate, the Fisher exact test. In 2x2 tables, calculated the odds ratio (OR) with confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI). From the selected sample, 43 (86%) subjects were female, average age and median respectively of 46.64 and 46.50 years, 25 (50%) had elementary school. The knowledge expressed by family members about TB was considered satisfactory. However, the lack of interest of the family (54%) in seeking information about tuberculosis; the wrong way of reply in relation to the organism causing the disease (64%); the water content (62%) and contaminated food (54% ) as a means of spreading TB was a weakness identified in the investigation. Regarding the time of transmission, 90% of respondents indicated not know or answered wrong. From investigated independent variables, only two were associated with lack of knowledge of TB, and they did not have religion (OR: 0.146, 95% CI: 0.027 to 0.800) and income below 1, 7 minimum wages (OR: 0.155, 95% CI: 0.029 to 0.813). Thus they seem to exercise a protective effect on this outcome. As for the changes in attitude, most of the found variables had no association with statistical significance, except no internet access (OR: 0.212, 95% CI: 0,048-0, 935). Most attitudes were positive in relation to TB patient. Results have demonstrated weaknesses in TB care, which has taken on a more individual and welfare character. Data not only express health outcomes produced by health services, but also the political and social situation of the families that are affected by TB / A presente investiga??o analisa o conhecimento sobre TB e as atitudes das fam?lias de pacientes em tratamento da doen?a na Aten??o Prim?ria ? Sa?de em Natal/RN. Consiste em um estudo de corte transversal, realizado atrav?s da aplica??o de question?rio junto ?s fam?lias de pacientes diagnosticados de TB e em seguimento pela APS de Natal. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram recrutados de forma n?o probabil?stica, por conveni?ncia, contemplando uma amostra de 50 familiares. Dentre os crit?rios de inclus?o dos sujeitos, est?o idade acima de 18 anos, residir com o doente de TB em Natal e disponibilidade de participa??o da pesquisa. A coleta de dados foi realizada pela pesquisadora e uma assistente, atrav?s de um formul?rio previamente testado em realidade semelhante, junto aos familiares do doente de TB.Procedeu-se a dupla digita??o independente dos dados. Na etapa anal?tica, inicialmente foi conduzida a fase explorat?ria e univariada dos dados, com descri??o das medidas de posi??o (m?dia, mediana, moda) e dispers?o (intervalo de confian?a e desvio-padr?o). Na an?lise bivariada, os autores efetuaram o cruzamento das vari?veis dependentes e dicot?micas − conhecimento e mudan?as atitudes ,com cada uma das vari?veis independentes, por meio de tabelas de conting?ncia, sendo aplicado o teste qui-quadrado e, quando necess?rio, o teste exato de Fisher. Nas tabelas 2x2, computou-se o odds ratio (OR) com respectivos intervalos de confian?a de 95% (IC 95%). Da amostra selecionada, 43 (86%) sujeitos eram do sexo feminino, com idade m?dia e mediana respectivamente de 46,64 e 46,50 anos; 25 (50%) possu?am o ensino fundamental. O conhecimento expresso pelos familiares sobre a TB foi considerado satisfat?rio. Entretanto, a falta de interesse dos familiares (54%) em procurar informa??es sobre a tuberculose; a forma incorreta da resposta em rela??o ao microrganismo causador da doen?a (64%); a indica??o de ?gua (62%) e alimentos contaminados (54%) como meios de dissemina??o da TB foi uma fragilidade identificada na investiga??o. Em rela??o ao tempo de transmiss?o da doen?a, 90% dos entrevistados indicaram n?o saber ou responderam errado. Das vari?veis independentes investigadas, apenas duas apresentaram associa??o com o n?o conhecimento de TB, sendo elas n?o possuir religi?o (OR: 0,146; IC95% : 0,027-0,800) e renda abaixo de 1,7 sal?rios m?nimos (OR : 0,155; IC95%: 0,029-0,813), parecendo elas exercerem um efeito protetor sobre este desfecho. Quanto ?s mudan?as de atitude, a maioria das vari?veis consideradas n?o teve associa??o com signific?ncia estat?stica, exceto o n?o acesso ? internet (OR: 0,212; IC95%:0,048-0,935). A maioria das atitudes foi positiva em rela??o ao doente de TB. Os resultados demonstram fragilidades na aten??o ? TB, que tem assumido um car?ter mais assistencialista e individual. Os dados n?o somente expressam os resultados sanit?rios produzidos pelos servi?os de sa?de, mas a conjuntura pol?tica e social das fam?lias que s?o acometidas pela TB

Magister Curationis - MCur / Professional nurses, with additional training in mental health, report attitudes and perceptions of mental health nursing that are more positive, whilst those with less training report more negative attitudes and perceptions to mental health nursing. The primary aim of this research study was to describe the attitudes and perceptions of professional nurses towards the mentally ill in a psychiatric hospital in the Cape Metropole. The objectives of the study were: to explore the attitudes and perceptions of professional nurses towards the mentally ill; to identify common factors that influence the professional nurses’ attitudes and perceptions towards the mentally ill; to compare the attitudes and perceptions of professional nurses who have completed the Regulation 425, Regulation 808 and Regulation 212 training in mental health nursing towards the mentally ill. A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive design was employed and cross-sectional survey was carried out. Participants comprised all permanent professional nurses (n=60) at a governmental Associated Psychiatric Hospital in the Cape Metropole. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and two self-report questionnaires, measuring attitudes to and perceptions of mental health problems. Nurses with a diploma report significantly higher role competency than those nurses with a degree. The ethnicity of nurses played a role in the stereotyping of the mentally ill. No significant differences were evident between those professional nurses who had completed the advanced mental health course and those whom had not. However, the combined effects of learning the appropriate course and experience in the practical field of the mentally ill are necessary for the task of impacting positively on the attitudes of the nurses towards the mentally ill.

Master of Regional and Community Planning / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / John W. Keller / The Great Plains possesses one of the best sources of wind energy in North America. Based upon the need to diversify energy production domestically, wind energy’s future in both the immediate and long term should be dynamic. The success of wide scale development of this potential will be largely determined by the perceptions of local residents, who are most affected by the siting and design of wind energy projects. Currently, regulation of this natural resource is left largely to state and county governments. A majority of these entities in the Great Plains region have no regulations governing wind energy development or employ a patchwork of "borrowed" codes from across the nation. The system of regulation of natural resources by political boundary is archaic. It fails to recognize that there are high degrees of correlation between social, economic, and natural resources without respect for artificial political boundaries. This study is the first in the Great Plains to examine public attitudes toward the development of wind energy and its relationship to the landscape based upon ecological regions rather than political boundaries. The analysis of collected data will provide a useful tool for local planners, policy makers, and the general public in understanding the prevalent issues involved with wind energy development in this region.

The major purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using animal organ dissection in general, and its use specifically in problem-solving as a teaching strategy in Grade 11 Life Sciences education. A multiple methods research design was used for this study. The data collection methods for the quantitative approach were the pre-test, post-test and a questionnaire. The pre-test and post-test had predominantly problem-solving questions. The questionnaire and the tests were administered to 224 learners from four Pretoria East secondary schools from different environments. The data collection methods for the qualitative approach were the interviews with the Grade 11 Life Sciences teachers of the selected schools, lesson observations and relevant document analysis. The interviews were conducted with six Grade 11 Life Sciences teachers teaching at the four selected schools. Findings from both the quantitative and the qualitative approaches were integrated to give an in-depth understanding of the study. The findings show that there were significant differences between the means of the pre-test and the post-test for the total for the whole group of 224 learners. The variables in which the tests were categorised were the rote learning, problem-solving and three learning outcomes of the National Curriculum Statement (NCS). The way in which the learners answered the questions in terms of terminology they used, the confidence they displayed, the level of answering and the explanations they gave when they wrote the post-test were significantly different from when they wrote the pre-test. The significant differences between the means of the pre-test and the post-test may possibly have been due to the intervention. This showed the effectiveness of the intervention which was animal organ dissection in problem-solving. The study also showed that most teachers are not well-acquainted with problem-solving strategies which made it challenging for them to use animal organ dissections to develop problem-solving skills in learners. The attitudes of the teachers and learners towards animal organ dissection and its use in problem-solving as a teaching strategy were predominantly positive with less than a quarter of the whole group being negative due to a variety of reasons which include: moral values, religion, culture, blood phobia, squeamishness and being vegetarian. The majority of learners acknowledged the importance of animal organ dissections in developing skills like investigative, dissecting and problem-solving skills. This acknowledgement resulted in them being positive towards the use of animal organ dissections in problem-solving. One can conclude that animal organ dissections can be used in problem-solving as a teaching strategy in Life Sciences education. The level of learner engagement with animal organ dissections can determine the level of development of problem-solving skills as was evidenced by the differences between the mean scores of the four schools. The study recommended that the teachers should be encouraged to use animal organ dissections more frequently where it is applicable to develop problem-solving skills in learners and not merely let the learners cut, draw and label the organ. Teachers should also focus on problem-solving in general and develop this as a prime strategy. All activities should be prepared by the teacher and implemented in class to encourage and develop problem-solving skills. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / gm2014 / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / restricted

University officials have identified a problem among secondary preservice teachers (SPTs) who have expressed reluctance to teach in local urban schools. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the perceptions of SPTs regarding their preparation for and experiences with teaching in urban school settings. Vygotsky's zone of proximal development and Bruner's concept of scaffolding served as the conceptual frameworks that guided this study. Data were collected from 11 SPTs who completed the requirements of their field service experiences in urban schools. Data collection consisted of individual interviews, one focus group interview, and field observations. Findings showed that SPTs desire to make a difference in urban schools, lack confidence in managing culturally diverse classrooms, and desire more faculty guidance in working with diverse populations. SPTs asserted that they need more research-based teaching strategies and urban field experiences. Implications for social change include more collaboration among university faculty, urban school principals, mentor teachers, and community organizations. Findings may be used to prepare SPTs to serve culturally diverse populations, which may improve students' academic achievement in urban classrooms.

The purpose of this study was to explore the socio-cultural impacts of cruise ship tourism on Port Vila residents and their coping strategies. The study was conducted in Port Vila over the months of June and July 2006. It employs the use of a qualitative research methodology, of participant observation, and semi-structured interviews with a range of tourism stakeholders, including the government, the church and chiefs, as well as a number of small businesses such as public transport operators, small indigenous tour operators and market vendors. These observations and interviews were conducted at the Mama’s Haus project, Centre Point Market Place, and the main wharf area. This thesis was initially aimed at exploring the strategies that the residents of Port Vila used to cope with the impacts caused by cruise ship tourism. As the research progressed, it become apparent from primary data collected that market vendors have not just adapted to the impacts of cruise ship tourism, but that the consequences of their adaptation may be seen as empowering them. They are empowered not just economically, but also psychologically, socially and politically. However, it must be acknowledged that not all small tourist operators in this study felt positively about the impacts of cruise ship tourism; some may be seen as being disempowered. Furthermore, the empowerment of these market vendors is dependent on the continuous flow of cruise ship visits to Port Vila; something beyond their control. The cancellation of future trips or decrease in the number of cruise ship voyages will have significant consequences for the sustainability of this informal sector and the longevity of these micro-enterprises. The study finding implies that coping strategies should not just address how residents and communities cope or respond to tourism, but should also go further by addressing the consequences of the coping strategies adopted.