The Rapid Automatized Naming test (RAN) has been shown to be a strong predictor of reading ability (Bowers and Wolf, 1993), however, the nature of this relationship remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the visual scanning and sequential components of the continuous RAN format are similar to those same visual scanning processes required in reading, and whether these processes partially account for the relationship. The sample consisted of 57 undergraduate students (63.2% female). The majority of the sample was either Caucasian (33.3%) or African American (29.8%). The eye movement measures consisted of three short stories and the continuous versions of two RAN tasks (colors and letters). This study examined the percent of regressions and fixations during both types of tasks (reading text and RAN). The findings suggest that the continuous RAN measures important visual scanning and sequencing processes that are important in predicting reading ability.

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The Rapid Automatized Naming test (RAN) has been shown to be a strong predictor of reading ability (Katzir et al., 2006), however the nature of this relationship remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the underlying components of RAN, and to then determine whether these components partially account for the relationship between RAN and reading ability. The sample consisted of 100 undergraduate students. The underlying components of RAN that were evaluated included, visual search and scanning, auditory and visual sequencing, discrete naming, confrontation naming, executive functioning and phonological processing. The findings suggest that visual search and scanning, auditory sequential processing, discrete naming and executive functioning are all significant underlying components of RAN. Additionally, the findings suggest that visual scanning and auditory sequential processing partially mediate the relationship between RAN and reading fluency.

This study was an investigation of the relationship between rapid automatized naming (RAN) and reading in a sample of deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students who use American Sign Language (ASL). Thirty DHH students, 10 to 18 years old, were given a series of assessments including measures of RAN, reading decoding, reading fluency, reading comprehension, expressive vocabulary, receptive vocabulary, and visual-motor integration. Significant correlations were found between RAN colors and reading decoding; RAN colors and reading comprehension; and RAN colors, numbers, and letters and reading fluency. A significant difference was found between symbolic (letters, numbers) and non-symbolic (objects, colors) RAN in this sample, with better performance noted on tasks of symbolic RAN. Hierarchical regression models were created for each type of RAN. Each model as a whole was significant. The proposed model for RAN objects accounted for 26.6% of the variance in RAN performance. The model for RAN colors accounted for 54.1% of the variance in RAN performance. The proposed model for RAN numbers accounted for 53% of the variance in RAN. The model for RAN letters accounted for 32.6% of the variance in RAN. Across all models, reading fluency and vocabulary were unique and statistically significant contributors in the model predicting RAN. Visual-motor integration performance was not a unique contributor to the model.

The primary goal of the current study was to investigate the impact of different first language backgrounds on early Chinese reading development by comparing a group of children who spoke a dialect at home and learned to speak and read Mandarin as a second language as soon as they attended Mandarin immersion programs with their Mandarin-speaking monolingual counterparts. The comparison involved five variables, two of which were measures of reading outcomes, word reading accuracy and vocabulary knowledge, and the other three were measures related to processing spoken languages, including rapid automatized naming, phonological awareness, and morphological awareness. The study was carried out in two phases. Participants in Phase One consisted of 30 dialect-dominant (DD) and 30 Mandarin-monolingual (MD) children from one kindergarten. Half of them were in their second year (K2), and the other half were in their third year of kindergarten (K3). Participants in Phase Two consisted of 218 dialect-dominant children from the third-year kindergarten to the third grade in one school. The assessments in Phase One were administered from March to April in 2011, and the assessments in Phase Two were administered from May to July in 2011. The current study added to extant literature by yielding several important findings with an under-represented population in Chinese reading research. First, the strong link between morphological awareness and vocabulary knowledge, which has been documented in previous studies, is now extended to the group of DD children. Second, the current study revealed that in comparison to the MD group the DD group performed significantly poorer on Mandarin morphological construction in K2, indicating an impact of language proficiency in the development of morphological awareness. This impact appeared to affect the DD children's subsequent vocabulary development. Third, the current study showed grade variability in the rapid automatized naming (RAN)-Chinese reading relation and suggested that the component of language proficiency might affect children's rapid naming speed and moderate the relation of RAN to reading outcomes. Limitations of the current study and directions for future research are presented.

Orientador: Vital Paulino Costa / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T07:32:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bernardi_Luciana_M.pdf: 10999549 bytes, checksum: d383c5723aeda31781676f1567189a65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os valores médios da freqüência crítica de fusão (FCF), a flutuação a curto prazo e a variabilidade inter e intra-individual, analisar a influência da idade e sexo e investigar a ocorrência de efeito aprendizado em indivíduos normais submetidos à perimetria ¿flicker¿. A investigação foi dividida em dois estudos. No estudo 1, 95 indivíduos normais foram submetidos à perimetria ¿flicker¿ com o perímetro Octopus 301 (programa G1, estratégia dinâmica) em um olho. Determinaram-se os seguintes valores da FCF: média global, média dos pontos centrais, média dos pontos periféricos, média foveal e média dos quadrantes. Os valores médios foram comparados entre ambos os sexos e a influência da idade foi avaliada utilizando análise de regressão linear. No estudo 2, 20 indivíduos normais foram submetidos à perimetria ¿flicker¿ cinco vezes. Os três primeiros exames foram realizados em dias diferentes, separados por intervalos que variaram de um a 30 dias, enquanto os três últimos exames foram realizados no mesmo dia com intervalos de pelo menos 15 minutos. Os valores obtidos nos três primeiros exames foram utilizados para investigar o efeito aprendizado. A flutuação a curto prazo foi definida como a média das diferenças obtidas entre o valor da FCF mais alto e o mais baixo para cada ponto testado considerando-se os três últimos exames. Também determinou-se a variabilidade média dos valores de FCF inter e intra-individual. No estudo 1, os valores médios de FCF global, foveal, central e periférica foram, respectivamente, 38,2±4,3Hz, 36,4±3,5Hz, 38,7±3,7Hz e 37,9±5,0Hz. O valor médio de FCF periférica foi significativamente menor do que o valor médio de FCF central (p=0,007). A análise de regressão linear demonstrou que os valores médios FCF global, foveal, central, periférico e por quadrante diminuíram significativamente com a idade, porém com baixo coeficiente de determinação (R2 variando entre 0,074 e 0,163). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante nos valores médios de FCF entre os indivíduos do sexo masculino e feminino (p>0,05) com exceção da área central e do quadrante nasal inferior, onde os valores foram significativamente menores no sexo feminino (p=0,029 e p=0,008 respectivamente). No estudo 2, a comparação entre os três primeiros exames não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante em relação à duração do teste, porcentagem de respostas falso-positivas e falso-negativas (p>0,05). Os valores médios de FCF global (p=0,010), central (p=0,13) e periférico (p=0,033) foram significativamente menores no 1º exame em relação ao 2º exame . A média global da flutuação a curto prazo foi 5,06±1,13Hz, a li variabilidade média inter-individual foi 11,2±2,3% e a variabilidade média intra-individual foi 6,4±1,5%. Este estudo sugere que os valores da FCF diminuem com a idade e não são influenciados significativamente pelo sexo. Também sugere que a perimetria ¿flicker¿ está associada a efeito aprendizado e que flutuação a curto prazo e variabilidade inter e intra-individual moderadas são esperadas em indivíduos normais submetidos a este teste / Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the mean critical fusion frequency (CFF), the short term fluctuation and inter and intraindividual variability, to analyze the influence of age and gender, and to investigate the occurrence of a learning effect in healthy subjects undergoing flicker perimetry. The investigation was divided in two study. In study 1, 95 normal subjects underwent flicker perimetry (Octopus 301, G1 program, dynamic strategy) in one eye. Mean global, central, peripheral, and foveal CFF values were determined, as well as mean CFFs per quadrant. Mean CFF values were compared between the two genders, and the influence of age was evaluated using linear regression analysis. In study 2, 20 normal subjects underwent flicker perimetry 5 times. The first 3 sessions were separated by an interval of 1 to 30 days, whereas the last 3 sessions were performed within the same day, with 15-minute intervals. The analysis of the first 3 sessions was used to investigate the presence of a learning effect. The mean of the differences between the highest and the lowest CFF value for each tested point during the last 3 tests were used to calculate the short term fluctuation (SF). Mean interindividual and intraindividual variabilities were determined. In study 1, mean global, foveal, central, and peripheral CFFs were 38.2±4.3Hz, 36.4±3.5Hz, 38.7±3.7Hz, and 37.9±5.0Hz, respectively. The mean peripheral CFF was significantly lower than the mean central CFF (p=0.007). Linear regression analysis demonstrated that mean global, foveal, central, and CFF per quadrant significantly decreased with age, however with a low correlation coefficient (R2 ranging between 0.074 and 0.163). There were no statistically significant differences in mean CFF values between males and females (p> 0.05), with the exception of the central area and the inferonasal quadrant, where the values were significantly lower in females (p=0.029 and p=0.008, respectively). In study 2, there were no statistically significant differences among the first three sessions regarding test duration, rates of false positive and false negative responses (p>0.05). The mean global (p=0.010), central (p=0.013), and peripheral (p=0.033) CFFs were significantly lower in first session compared to the second session. The mean global SF was 5.06+1.13Hz, the mean interindividual variability was 11.2±2.8%, and the mean intraindividual variability was 6.4+1.5%. This study suggests that CFFs decrease with age, and that CFFs are not significantly influenced by gender. It also suggests that flicker perimetry is associated with a learning effect, and that moderately high short term fluctuation and inter and intraindividual variability were expected in normal subjects undergoing such test / Mestrado / Oftalmologia / Mestre em Ciências Médicas

Standard analytical technics are used by the inspection of basic parameters of wine quality in the prezented graduation theses. Theoretical patr contains short description of viniculture history. Description of elementary bunch of grapes stage of processing and wine production from stum pressing untill bottling follow. There is short description of wine diseases and wine defekt, too. Attention paid to quality assessment. Experimental part is divided to 2 parts. The first part contains determination of four wines qualitative parameters value. Analysis are focused on final wine processing phase, e.g. wine filtration, wine clarification and stabilisation, wine bottling. Data evaluation of these four sort of wine get no basic parameters differences. Parameters value differences are small but fundamentaly conducive to wine enhance quality.

The aim of this master´s thesis is optimalization and methods of measuring the internal resistance of lead acid accumulator. First focus is on the analysis of properties of lead acid accumulators, their construction and negative effects. After that a method of measuring the internal resistance of experimental accumulator is processed. In this thesis practical design of measuring workplace is completed. The frequency analysis of impedance of charging and discharging accumulator is performed. After that the graph of internal resistance for various amplitude intensities, for various signal forms and also for various size of frequencies of alternating current are processed. The result of this thesis is a comparison of graphic works addictions charging and discharging characteristics of lead acid accumulator and determination of optimal amplitude, form and intensity of frequency of alternating current in point when internal resistance is evaluated correctly.

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Referentiell kommunikation innebär att kunna delge andra information så att de förstår, samt att själv förstå när man lyssnar och även att vara medveten om när man själv inte har förstått (Sonnenschein & Whitehurst, 1984). Genom en referentiell kommunikationsuppgift har lyssnaregenskaper inom referentiell kommunikation undersökts hos ungdomar med lindrig till måttlig utvecklingsstörning, samt en mentalt åldersmatchad kontrollgrupp. Snabb benämning (Rapid Automatized Naming) av enstaviga och flerstaviga ord har också testats, och huruvida samband mellan resultat i kommunikationsuppgiften och snabb benämning föreligger. För att mäta referentiella lyssnarförmågor har olika typer av efterfrågningar studerats, det vill säga hur individen uttrycker sig för att efterfråga mer information. Resultatet visar att kontrollgruppen producerar signifikant fler av efterfrågningstyperna begäran av utökad information och kontrollfrågor. Båda grupperna var mycket heterogena i kommunikationsuppgiften vad gäller antalet efterfrågningar hos varje individ. I målgruppen återfanns ett signifikant samband mellan efterfrågningstypen aningen-eller-frågor och långsam benämningshastighet av enstaviga ord. En klinisk implikation av resultatet i studien är att en del individer i målgruppen skulle kunna gynnas av träning i referentiell kommunikation.