Today’s carbon constrained world with its increasing demand for cheap energy and a fossil fuel intensive fleet of power producers is making carbon capture and storage (CCS) desirable. Several CCS technologies are under investigation by various research and development groups globally. One of the more promising technologies is oxy-fuel combustion, since it produces a CO2 rich flue gas which requires minor processing to meet storage condition requirements. In this study the economics of an advanced super critical oxy-coal power plant burning lignite, simulated in-house was assessed. A robust and user-friendly financial tool box has been developed with commonly acceptable default parameter settings. Capital, operation and maintenance costs were estimated along with corresponding levelized cost of electricity and CO2 avoidance costs calculated using the detailed financial model developed. A levelized cost of electricity of 131 $/MWhrnet along with a levelized CO2 avoidance cost of 64 $/tonne was estimated for an ASC oxy-coal power plant with CO2 capture. Also a levelized cost of electricity of 83 $/MWhrnet was estimated for an ASC air-fired coal power plant without CO2 capture capabilities as the base plant. The price of electricity was observed to increase from 83 $/MWhrnet to 131 $/MWhrnet translating into a 57% increase. The sensitivity of the overall economics of the process was assessed to several parameters. The overall economics was found sensitive to the choice chemical engineering plant cost index (CEPCI), capacity factor, size of power plant, debt ratio, fuel price, interest rate, and construction duration.

Today???s carbon constrained world with its increasing demand for cheap energy and a fossil fuel intensive fleet of power producers is making carbon capture and storage (CCS) desirable. Several CCS technologies are under investigation by various research and development groups globally. One of the more promising technologies is oxy-fuel combustion, since it produces a CO2 rich flue gas which requires minor processing to meet storage condition requirements. In this study the economics of an advanced super critical oxy-coal power plant burning lignite, simulated in-house was assessed. A robust and user-friendly financial tool box has been developed with commonly acceptable default parameter settings. Capital, operation and maintenance costs were estimated along with corresponding levelized cost of electricity and CO2 avoidance costs calculated using the detailed financial model developed. A levelized cost of electricity of 131 $/MWhrnet along with a levelized CO2 avoidance cost of 64 $/tonne was estimated for an ASC oxy-coal power plant with CO2 capture. Also a levelized cost of electricity of 83 $/MWhrnet was estimated for an ASC air-fired coal power plant without CO2 capture capabilities as the base plant. The price of electricity was observed to increase from 83 $/MWhrnet to 131 $/MWhrnet translating into a 57% increase. The sensitivity of the overall economics of the process was assessed to several parameters. The overall economics was found sensitive to the choice chemical engineering plant cost index (CEPCI), capacity factor, size of power plant, debt ratio, fuel price, interest rate, and construction duration.

現行有關逃漏稅研究的國內外文獻，無論在理論推導或實證分析上，多集 中於非法的租稅逃漏（tax evasion）上，而忽略了另一種合法的減少稅 負的方法：租稅規避（tax avoidance）。本文乃將 Falkinger & Walther (1991) 獎懲並行的制度與傳統的租稅逃避（tax aversion）理 論相結合，而以較嚴謹的方式分析聯合的個人租稅逃漏與租稅規避的選擇 行為，即所謂的租稅逃避行為。本文共分為四章十節，略述如下：第一章 為緒論，分為三節，分別說明研究動機與目的、研究範圍與方法及章節安 排。第二章為文獻回顧，分為三節，以國、內外文獻為探討單元，分別依 時間順序及研究範圍與方法，針對租稅逃漏、租稅規避與租稅逃避聯合決 策行為等三個領域的文獻作假設分析與結論整理，最後則做一小結。第三 章為獎懲並行的租稅逃避理論（ A Mixed Penalty- Reward Tax Aversion Theory ），分為三節，第一節介紹獎懲並行的租稅逃避理論， 主要分成基本假設、模型設立、比較靜態分析和加入獎勵因素後的影響四 部份來討論。第二節乃以獎懲並行的租稅逃避模型與前章中所述較具代表 性的逃、避稅理論模型加以比較。最後則作一小結。第四章為結論，僅一 節。由於另一租稅減少途徑──租稅規避──的存在改變了許多僅討論租 稅逃漏文獻的結論。本文主要的結論是，除了查獲率和邊際懲罰率的變動 對申報所得和避稅所得佔總逃避所得的份額有明確的正向影響外，其他相 關變數如總所得、邊際稅率和邊際避稅成本的變動所造成的影響均不明確 ；而邊際獎勵率的變動對申報所得的影響亦無法確定，然其對避稅所得佔 總逃避稅所得的份額卻造成（反直觀的）負面的效果。此外，提高獎勵率 是否提高或降低其他變數變動的效果，其答案亦無法肯定。這些發現表 示 Falkinger & Walther (1991) 對於採用獎勵制度的優點似乎有誇大之 嫌。