In this work the functionalised magnetic particles were tested with streptavidin to selective DNA isolation. The method of selective DNA isolation was tested by using DNA probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei CCDM 211/06. A test was done on the biotinyl oligonucleotic particles, which was immobilised by containing streptavidin and it was used like a DNA probe for isolation complementary DNA chain by means of DNA/DNA hybridization. The primer R 5´ bio and the biotinyl denatured specific PCR product were tested for species Lb. paracasei as a DNA probe. These following experimental conditions were optimized for selective DNA isolation: temperature and time of hybridization, amount of DNA and the release of DNA from microspheres. Isolation of DNA was verified by PCR with specific generic primers. The specific generic PCR product was amplified in extent 250 bp, which was detected by using electrophoresis in agarose gel. This optimized method was successfully used in selective isolation of DNA Lactobacillus from a complementary sample of supplementary food (BIFI pangamin).

The aim of this Master Degree Thesis was to monitor the total number of lactic acid bacteria occurring in grape must during wine production. The study was performed on the red wine grape variety Cabernet Moravia from organic vineyard and on the white wine grape variety Sauvignon from both organic and integrated vineyards. The isolation of pure cultures of lactic acid bacteria from mixed cultures and subsequently their identification by genus and species-specific PCR was also subject of the thesis. The experimental results show that the number of viable cells of lactic acid bacteria is influenced not only by the wine grape variety, whether it is a variety of red or white wine grape, but also by the way of wine growing. The method of wine growing also had an impact on the species representation of lactic acid bacteria in each variety.

The thesis deals with a theme of probiotic mikroorganisms which are aplicated as a dietary supplement. Health benefit on the host have been known for a long time, however, there might be some negative effects affecting a consumer. In connection with this observation defining requirements and evaluating of safety of probiotics in food was necessary. The new probiotic dietary supplement can not be expanded on the market without these processes. Every strain must be tested separately on each property. The ability of rezistance against conditions inside human gastrointestinal tract belongs to the most basic tests. The aim of the practical part is testing this ability of rezistance in vitro by simulated conditions. The model of gastrointestinal juices was designed according to the Czechoslovak codex. The form contributes to the higher rezistance of probiotics within implementing to the host. Also a dosage form of probiotics was involved to a in vitro testing.

This thesis deals with the relationship between HVAC systems and internal microclimate of buildings. The work discusses briefly about different components which are formulating internal microclimate. More details are then focused on the issue of microbial microclimate.

The aim of this diploma thesis was to introduce real-time PCR with high-resolution melting analysis for Bifidobacterium species. Currently a small number of publication, dealing with identification of Bifidobacterium species using high-resolution melting analysis, is available. According to publications dealing with identification of lactic acid bacteria were selected primers P1V1 and P2V1, LAC1 and LAC2, LsppUPF and LsppUPR, V3F and V3R, V6F and V6R. Using this primers bacterial DNA was amplified by real-time PCR with high-resolution melting analysis. After evaluation of the measured results efficiency of selected primers was verified on DNA izolated from complex sample of probiotic product. After further optimisation real-time PCR with high-resolution melting analysis could be suitable using selected primers for Bifidobacterium species.

The Diploma thesis contains design of plumbing and gas installations in a pension. The theory solves warming of water, ways of warming, and dimensioning according to ČSN 06 0320. The calculation part solves variants of hot water preparations and installations of sewerage water. The practical part contains a design and a projekt of plumbing and gas installations.

Diploma thesis is dealing with recognition of Biosealing technology using electrical impedance spektrometry method. BioSealing is an innovative method of soil body reconstruction, which uses stimulation of soil bacterial activity to seal the leakage. The method was developed in the Netherlands and it was used in conditions of the Czech Republic in years 2015 and 2016 on the Hornice water work. This earth dam was monitored by electrical impedance spectrometry by apparatus with device Z-meter IV in this period and the data are processed and assessed in this diploma thesis.

Forest ecosystems represent a huge reservoir of carbon. The volume of deadwood in managed forests is in the tens of m3 h-1, while unmanaged forests have the volume of deadwood in hundreds of m3 ha- 1. Deadwood is a substrate with a high potential for decomposition. However, deadwood is a specific habitat that has a high C/N ratio and changes due to ongoing decomposition. The C/N ratio decreases with increasing decay time. In addition to the C/N ratio, the pH also changes during the wood pulping process, due to the decomposition of plant biomass by fungi. Moreover, deadwood has a high impermeability. The main decomposers of dead wood are fungi. In addition to them, bacteria, which are numerous in deadwood, also contribute to decomposition. Bacterial communities that decompose woody biomass are affected by these factors, and their distribution is also affected by dead tree species. The aim of this study was to describe how bacterial communities associated with deadwood change during decay. The most significant factor in the decomposition by bacterial communities is the time of decay. Bacteria found in short-decaying wood (less than 16 years old) are more diverse than those found in long-decaying wood. Methylotrophic bacteria and N-fixing bacteria are common in short-decaying wood as well. N-fixing...

Title: Artificial light-harvesting antenna based on an aggregation of bacteriochlorophyll c with selected pigments Author: Tomáš Malina Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor of the master thesis: doc. RNDr. Jakub Pšenčík, Ph.D., KCHFO MFF UK Abstract: Solar energy is one of the most important energy sources for all living organisms. The light harvesting takes place in specialised photosynthetic complexes called antennas; they typically contain pigments held by a protein scaffold. Antennas of green bacteria, chlorosomes, are unique in this respect, for they do not need proteins to organise the pigments. The pigments contained in chlorosomes, bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c, d or e, aggregate spontaneously. This self-aggregation can be used to form an artificial light-harvesting antenna the absorption spectrum of which can be extended by addition of other pigments. Antennas based on aggregation of BChl c with β-carotene and BChl a were prepared by a fast and slow method. The excitation energy transfer efficiency between these pigments was studied. The efficiency of energy transfer from BChl c to BChl a reached up to 95 %, the efficiency of energy transfer from β-carotene to BChl c was lower. An important role of β- carotene in artificial aggregates as well as in chlorosomes is its...

Deadwood is a hotspot of microbial diversity and its decomposition contributes to carbon and nitrogen cycling in temperate forests. The historically recognized importance of fungi in the decomposition of deadwood has recently been complemented by the description of bacterial functions thanks to the rapid progress of culture-independent methods based on the analysis of nucleic acids. To study different aspects of deadwood decomposition, a temperate mixed forest in Zofinsky prales National Nature Reserve was selected as a site with rich historical forestry data where deadwood decomposition represents an important process in wood turnover. The aim of this thesis is to describe role of bacteria in deadwood decomposition at fine scale resolution with respect to community composition, enzyme transcription, and metabolic potential of dominant species. Effects of deadwood age together with pH and water content on the bacterial community composition proved to be more important than tree species identity. Bacteria showed distinct composition between early and late community in decomposing deadwood. The bacterial community was also under a significant influence of fungal community composition. Despite being in a close contact, bacterial and fungal communities differed significantly between deadwood and the...