The diploma thesis deals with the topic Financing of developers´ projects. The theoretical part is focused on the explanation of development financing, a description of a development project itselves and the financial methods for measuring the success of the project. The analytical part describes the processing of a real project focusing on financing methods and calculation of profit variants. The last section shows possible alternatives to project financing. Based on the success rate measurement of each variant, it provides recommendations for a suitable choice of developer financing.

This diploma thesis focuses on the oportunities of financing the acquisition of fixed assets for a particular company. The first part introduces and explained the basic theoretical concepts especially fixed assets, financing assets and financial analysis of the company. In the next part selected company is presented and analysed. The thesis focuses on offering banking institutions and leasing comapnies mainly on the long-term bank loans and financial leases. The aim of this thesis is to find the most effective option of financing the production facilities of the company. At the end of thesis is proposed the optimal method of financing the acquisition of fixed assets for a particular company.

This diploma thesis deals with the optimization of financing of a selected company. In the theoretical part I deal with the possibilities of financing business activities as well as concepts from financial analysis. In the practical part I apply acquired theoretical knowledge to perform a financial analysis in a selected company. The last part compares the financing options of selected business activities, that lead to finding the optimal financing solution.

The Master´s thesis deals with the selection of appropriate forms of financing reconstruction of real estate from external sources. In particular, it deals with the analysis and comparison of bids each bank loans. The essence of the thesis is to find an optimal variant of the external financing of reconstruction of real estate, including the evaluation of the implementation of the planned investment.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to propose the most optimal variant of financing the investment project of the winery. The core of the work is to comparative analysis of a subsidy programme, a bank loan and a leasing. The diploma thesis is consists of two main parts. In the theoretical part, I am going to explain the sources of project financing and ways which determine the effectiveness of the project. The practical part evaluates the management of the winery and describes budget of project. In conclusion, I suggest the specific possibility of project financing.

Current regulation governing acquisition financing Abstract The thesis deals with financing of share deal acquisition operations. The first chapter points out idiosyncrasies of acquisition operations, providing context for the rest of the thesis. The second chapter deals with loan financing, one of the two financing methods described. The chapter starts off with Czech Civil Code's rules governing loans and goes on to provide an overview of stipulations used in corporate banking practice, including the usual arrangement of rights and obligations of lenders and borrower in case of syndicated loans. A subchapter about credit risk rounds off the second chapter. Not restricted to public law regulation, it describes derivatives used to hedge against credit risk and touches upon the influence of regulation on cost of loan financing. The third chapter is about bond financing. It offers a robust overview of Czech rules governing bonds as nominate debt securities and their issue. The consequent subchapter on placement of bonds handled by an investment firm serves as an equivalent of the banking practice- focused subchapter. Subjects that perform various tasks after placement in order to simplify the administration of a given issue are a topic which completes the third chapter. The conclusion of the thesis sets out...

The vast majority of the Swedish real estate companies are to some extent financed by debt and are dependent on external capital when expanding their business. Swedish real estate companies have traditionally financed their business through bank loans, but as a result of – among other things – stricter regulations, an increasing share of the Swedish real estate companies seek funding in the capital market, and corporate bonds in particular have emerged as an alternative to bank loans. In all types of lending, whether it is a bank loan or an investor who buys a bond, the lender must assess the credit risk of the company and / or the bond. This is to ensure the company's repayment ability and that the borrower gets sufficient compensation for the risk undertaken. In this thesis, the credit risk assessment process has been evaluated from two different perspectives to explore if there are any differences in the assessment conducted by banks and bond investors. In this thesis, it appears that the differences between the different parties' assessment are relatively small and that both parties evaluate approximately the same parameters and key performance indicators. / De allra flesta fastighetsbolag i Sverige finansierar sig delvis genom externt kapital och är beroende av nya krediter när de vill utöka sin verksamhet. Svenska fastighetsbolag har traditionellt sett finansierat sig via banklån men på grund av bland annat striktare regleringar väljer alltfler fastighetsbolag att söka finansiering på kapitalmarknaden, där framförallt företagsobligationer har växt fram som ett alternativ till bankfinansiering.  I alla typer av kreditgivning, oavsett om det handlar om banklån eller en investerare som köper en obligation, måste kreditgivaren göra en kreditriskbedömning av bolaget och/eller obligationen. Detta för att säkerställa bolagets återbetalningsförmåga och att långivaren får tillräcklig kompensation för den risk denne tar. I det här examensarbetet har kreditriskbedömningsprocessen utvärderats från två olika perspektiv för att se om det går att hitta några skillnader i bedömningen utförd av banker respektive obligationsinvesterare. Resultatet tyder på att skillnaderna mellan de olika parternas bedömning inte är särskilt stora utan båda parter utvärderar ungefär samma parametrar och nyckeltal.

Background: The hurricane in the south of Sweden in January 2005 was the worst storm in Sweden for the last hundred years. The storm named Gudrun has blown down forest that according to estimation is corresponding to one year of cutting down in the entire country. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe how credit granters act when facing falling forest real estate mortgage and describe if they will make considerations due to the storm in the south of Sweden 2005. Method: With help of a qualitative method, we investigated how the credit granters act when facing falling forest real estate mortgage. Interviews were obtained with three credit granters, SEB, Landshypotek and FöreningsSparbanken in the county of Jönköping and Kronoberg. Conclusion: The conclusion is based upon the empirical study, the analysis and our own reflections and it shows that the credit granters do not change their policy concerning credit granting to forest real estate properties. The policy of the credit granters has proven to be valid even in this extreme situation. / Bakgrund: I januari 2005 drabbades södra Sverige av den värsta naturkatastrofen på 100 år. Stormen Gudrun blåste ner skog i en omfattning som en-ligt uppskattningar motsvarar omkring en normal årsavverkning sett över hela Sverige. Dock koncentrerades den nedblåsta skogen på en betydligt mindre yta, nämligen vissa delar av södra Sverige. I de drab-bade delarna ägs skogen till största delen av privata skogsägare och de har nu lidit ekonomisk förlust till följd av stormen. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva hur olika kreditgivare agerar när skogsfastighetspanter sjunker i värde, samt beskriva eventuella åtgärder som kan komma att vidtas av kreditgivarna mot bakgrund av den kraftiga stormen i södra Sverige 2005. Metod: Med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod undersöktes hur olika kreditgivare agerar när skogsfastighetspanter sjunker i värde. Intervjuer gjordes med tre kreditgivare, nämligen SEB, Landshypotek och Förenings-Sparbanken i Jönköpings och Kronobergs län. Slutsats: Med utgångspunkt från empiri, analys och egna reflektioner har vi kommit fram till att kreditgivarna inte kommer att genomföra några övergripande förändringar av kreditgivningen till skogsfastigheter till följd av stormen. Kreditgivarnas etablerade policy har visat sig hålla även i den här extremt svåra situationen.

<p>Background: The hurricane in the south of Sweden in January 2005 was the worst storm in Sweden for the last hundred years. The storm named Gudrun has blown down forest that according to estimation is corresponding to one year of cutting down in the entire country.</p><p>Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe how credit granters act when facing falling forest real estate mortgage and describe if they will make considerations due to the storm in the south of Sweden 2005.</p><p>Method: With help of a qualitative method, we investigated how the credit granters act when facing falling forest real estate mortgage. Interviews were obtained with three credit granters, SEB, Landshypotek and FöreningsSparbanken in the county of Jönköping and Kronoberg.</p><p>Conclusion: The conclusion is based upon the empirical study, the analysis and our own reflections and it shows that the credit granters do not change their policy concerning credit granting to forest real estate properties. The policy of the credit granters has proven to be valid even in this extreme situation.</p> / <p>Bakgrund: I januari 2005 drabbades södra Sverige av den värsta naturkatastrofen på 100 år. Stormen Gudrun blåste ner skog i en omfattning som en-ligt uppskattningar motsvarar omkring en normal årsavverkning sett över hela Sverige. Dock koncentrerades den nedblåsta skogen på en betydligt mindre yta, nämligen vissa delar av södra Sverige. I de drab-bade delarna ägs skogen till största delen av privata skogsägare och de har nu lidit ekonomisk förlust till följd av stormen.</p><p>Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva hur olika kreditgivare agerar när skogsfastighetspanter sjunker i värde, samt beskriva eventuella åtgärder som kan komma att vidtas av kreditgivarna mot bakgrund av den kraftiga stormen i södra Sverige 2005.</p><p>Metod: Med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod undersöktes hur olika kreditgivare agerar när skogsfastighetspanter sjunker i värde. Intervjuer gjordes med tre kreditgivare, nämligen SEB, Landshypotek och Förenings-Sparbanken i Jönköpings och Kronobergs län.</p><p>Slutsats: Med utgångspunkt från empiri, analys och egna reflektioner har vi kommit fram till att kreditgivarna inte kommer att genomföra några övergripande förändringar av kreditgivningen till skogsfastigheter till följd av stormen. Kreditgivarnas etablerade policy har visat sig hålla även i den här extremt svåra situationen.</p>

Cette thèse examine trois questions importantes dans le secteur bancaire, à savoir le risque, les fonds propres et le crédit. Elle comprend trois essais empiriques. Le premier chapitre analyse l'impact du «printemps arabe» et de la crise financière mondiale de 2007-2008 sur la stabilité du secteur bancaire dans la région MENA. Les résultats montrent que le «printemps arabe» n'a pas eu d'effet négatif sur la stabilité des banques, alors que la crise financière mondiale a considérablement réduit leur stabilité. Le deuxième chapitre étudie le rôle joué par l'environnement institutionnel dans la mise en place de coussin de fonds propres par les régulateurs ou par les banques en interne. D’après les résultats, pour que les ratios de capital réglementaire soient efficaces, l'environnement institutionnel ne doit pas être négligé lors de la mise en place de ces ratios. Le troisième chapitre étudie les différents effets des droits des consommateurs et des créanciers sur le coût des prêts. Les résultats révèlent que le coût des prêts augmente en présence de lois strictes sur la protection des consommateurs, tandis que l'augmentation des droits des créanciers réduit ce coût. / This thesis examines three important issues in the banking sector, namely: Risk, Capital and Lending. It comprises of three empirical essays. The first chapter analyzes the impact of the 'Arab Spring' and the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 on the banking sector stability in the MENA region. The results show that the ‘Arab Spring’ did not have a negative effect on banks’ stability, while the Global Financial Crisis significantly decreased banks’ stability. The second chapter investigates the role played by the institutional environment in determining capital buffers set either by regulators or by banks internally. The findings provide evidence that for the regulatory capital ratios to be effective, the institutional environment should not be neglected when implementing these ratios. The third chapter investigates the different effects of both consumers’ and creditors’ rights on the cost of lending. The results reveal that the cost of lending increases in the presence of strong financial consumer protection laws, while higher creditors’ rights decrease this cost.