A espécie recente Eira barbara (Mustelidae, Carnivora) possui uma distribuição geográfica desde o México até o norte da Argentina. É um importante táxon a ser estudado como modelo anatômico dentre os mustelídeos, assim como um importante modelo para uma melhor compreensão e entendimento sobre a diversificação dos Mustelidae. Atualmente, os registros fósseis de E. barbara na América do Sul são bastante escassos e restritos às idades pleistocênicas, sendo que os estudos destes fósseis são frequentemente desprovidos de maiores esforços para realização de descrições morfológicas detalhadas e de estudos paleobiogeográficos. Assim como os estudos dos fósseis de E. barbara são limitados, constatou-se que o mesmo cenário é observado quanto aos estudos sobre a morfologia e biogeografia da espécie. Desta forma, o presente trabalho se propôs a: realizar uma revisão de todos os registros da espécie e de uma forma geral, contribuir para um melhor conhecimento sobre a morfologia sincraniana e sobre a história biogeográfica e paleobiogeográfica de E. barbara. Para tanto, os seguintes objetivos foram propostos: estudo e redescrição detalhada do fóssil UFAC-PV 036, proveniente do Pleistoceno final do Alto Rio Juruá do sudoeste da Amazônia Brasileira; descrição sincraniana comparada de estruturas morfológicas externas e internas, analisando caracteres intraespecíficos da espécie E. barbara; realização de análises multivariadas a fim de investigar variações geográficas sob o uso de caracteres craniométricos de E. barbara entre os diferentes biomas brasileiros. A revisão dos registros fósseis foi de grande importância para o estabelecimento dos verdadeiros registros de Eira na América do Sul e a redescrição de UFAC-PV 36 contribui para o melhor conhecimento morfológico e paleobiogeográfico da espécie. A descrição morfológica comparada do sincrânio de E. barbara contribui de forma significativa para o conhecimento sobre a morfologia da espécie bem como, a descrição de caracteres intraespecíficos proporcionam caracteres mais apropriados em matrizes morfológicas, fornecendo maior robustez nas análises filogenéticas futuras. Este trabalho propõe que E. barbara não possui diferenças craniométricas estatisticamente significativas entre os biomas brasileiros, porém, E. barbara caracteriza-se aqui como uma espécie dimórfica, na qual os machos possuem estruturas cranianas relativamente maiores do que as fêmeas. / The recent species Eira barbara (Mustelidae, Carnivora) has a geographic distribution from Mexico to northern Argentina. It is an important taxon to be studied as an anatomical model for the mustelids, as well as an important model for a better understanding of the diversification of the Mustelidae. Currently, the fossil record of E. barbara in South America is scarce and restricted to the Pleistocene, while the studies of these fossils frequently lack greater efforts to perform detailed morphological descriptions and paleobiogeographic studies. Besides limited studies of fossil E. barbara, it was established that the same scenario is seen for the studies on the morphology and biogeography of the species. Thus, this work proposed to: perform a review of all records of the species and, in general, to contribute to a better understanding of the sincranian morphology and the biogeographic and paleobiogeographic studies of E. barbara. In order to achieve this, the following objectives were proposed: study and detailed redescription of the fossil UFAC PV-036 from the Late Pleistocene of Upper Juruá River of the southwest of Brazilian Amazon; compared sincranian description of external and internal morphological structures, analyzing intraspecific characters of extant E. barbara; performance of multivariate analysis to investigate geographical variations on the use of craniometric characters of E. barbara between different Brazilian biomes. The review of the fossil record was of great importance for the establishment of the actual records of the species in South America, while the redescription of UFAC PV-36 contributes to a better anatomical and paleobiogeographic knowledge of the species. The morphological description of the sincranium of E. barbara contribute significantly to the knowledge of the morphology of the species, as much as the description of intraspecific variation provides more appropriate morphological characters in matrices, providing greater robustness in futures phylogenetic analysis. This work proposes that E. barbara does not have statistically significant craniometric differences among Brazilian biomes; however, E. barbara is characterized here as a dimorphic species in which the males have cranial structures relatively larger than the females.

Orientador: Luci Hidalgo Nunes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T02:48:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Candido_DanielHenrique_M.pdf: 6153243 bytes, checksum: 76a2dd11ff90b5cc8c98989641861344 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: As estratégias preventivas envolvendo preparação, alerta e recuperação aos hazards meteorológicos, como o caso das inundações, são essenciais para o atendimento correto a população em risco. No entanto, para serem realmente efetivos, esses planos devem ser elaborados com base no conhecimento dos atributos físicos e socioeconômicos da área em questão e serem também avaliados por meio de uma perspectiva histórica. Nesse sentido, este estudo foi elaborado com base em dados obtidos através de pesquisas em jornais pretéritos, dados meteorológicos e geomorfológicos. O trabalho, foi realizado mediante uso de técnicas de geoprocessamento e análises teóricas dos aspectos existentes no município de Santa Bárbara d¿Oeste, localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo, podendo assim contribuir com a concepção de planos preventivos para a cidade. Como um número cada vez maior de pessoas habitam essas áreas, os impactos das inundações acabam se intensificando de modo considerável. O registro de eventos de inundação nessa área está intrinsecamente ligado aos seus aspectos físicos, como características da precipitação (concentração no período de verão, com intensos e constantes eventos convectivos), geomorfologia e padrões de ocupação do território, com expansão da mancha urbana em direção às planícies de inundação. Como conseqüência, a municipalidade tem testemunhado aumento na freqüência e intensidade das inundações, sobretudo nas áreas habitadas pelas populações economicamente menos favorecidas, localizadas nas áreas mais baixas da bacia do Ribeirão dos Toledos ¿ canal que cruza o município no sentido Norte-Sul, passando por sua área central. A análise, de caráter geográfico, avaliou aspectos físicos e socioeconômicos das inundações ocorridas em um período de 50 anos, compreendido entre 1953 a 2002. Um levantamento das precipitações registradas em Santa Bárbara d¿ Oeste mostra maior concentração dos eventos extremos de precipitação nos anos recentes. Como exemplo pode-se citar os episódios ocorridos entre 01 e 02 de janeiro de 1990, totalizando 120 mm de precipitação; 27 de janeiro de 1994, com 120 mm; 08 de janeiro de 1997, com 131 mm; 15 de fevereiro de 1998, com 131 mm e 110 mm em 28 de março de 2000. Mapas foram elaborados com uso de softwares de SIG, exibindo a variação espaço-temporal das ocorrências, denotando que algumas obras executadas com intuito de reduzir os efeitos das inundações foram mais efetivas, enquanto outras não surtiram o efeito esperado. Dentre as ações mais bem sucedidas destaca-se a construção de lagos e represas e a realização de dragagem do canal / Abstract: Preventive strategies involving preparedness, warning, and recovery to meteorological hazardous events such as floods, are essential to correctly assist the population at risk. However, effective plans must be based upon the knowledge of the area, considering both the physical and the socioeconomic attributes, evaluated in a historical perspective. This study aims to contribute to the design of preventive plans to flood hazards in the city of Santa Barbara d'Oeste, located in Sao Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil. Because more people are living on floodplains, the impacts related to floods are increasing considerably. The register of flood events in the area is intrinsical1y connected to its physical attributes such as the characteristics of precipitation (concentrated during summer, with regular and strong convective events), the landscape's geomorphology, and the settlement patterns in the territory. The latter have recently been characterized by a fast spread of the city onto the floodplains. As a consequence, the municipality has been witnessing an increasing frequency of intense floodings of poor residential areas in the Toledos River Basin, a small river that crosses Santa Barbara's downtown. The geographic analyses evaluated both the physical and the socioeconomic aspects of floods in the area. A survey of floods registered in Santa Barbara d'Oeste shows an increase of events in recent years. As examples ofthe concentration ofrainfall episodes, one can quote: 120mm on 01 and 02 January, 1990; 120 mm on January 27,1994; 131 mm on January 8,1997; 131 mm on February 15, 1998 and 110 mm on march 28, 2000. Some maps generated using GIS softares showed some variation on spatial distribution of floods events on area. The patterns changed over the time evidencing that some works developed aiming the reduction of floods was more successful than others, overall the deepening ofthe rivers and the implementation ofsome lakes and dams / Mestrado / Análise Ambiental e Dinâmica Territorial / Mestre em Geografia

In my study on Barbara Pym's novels, the focus is first on the two basic ironies in love-marriage relations: irony of dilemma in which marriage is seen as the end of romantic love; and irony of situation in which excellent but plain-looking women are deprived of the chance to express their basic need for love. Chapter I of this study introduces the major themes and ironies in Pym's novels and the nature and functions of her irony. The following six chapters examine the two major ironies in six of Pym's twelve novels: Some Tame Gazelle, Excellent Women, Jane and Prudence, Less Than Angels, A Glass of Blessings, and A Few Green Leaves. While discussing the uniqueness of each of Pym's heroines, I also explore how Pym underwent changes in her views of love and marriage and how she attempted to keep a balance between her romanticism and her sense of irony. Pym's other six novels are discussed in Chapter VIII, the concluding chapter.

That´s mere rhetoric! Rhetoric, which always occurs in discourses where questions of ethics is important, has since ancient times been accused of being an immoral and a value-neutral art that seduces people with flattery and what they want to hear with no interest in presenting the truth to the audience. Plato's condemnation of this practice was tough and Plato's works Gorgias and Faidros have since represented the relationship between rhetoric and philosophy; rhetoric that is described as the semblance of an art [pseudos] while philosophy stands as the search for truth. In my work I want to present the relationship between rhetoric and ethics by reading Charlotte Jørgensen and Barbara Cassin interpretations of Chaïm Perelman and Lucie Olbrecht-Tyteca, and examine the consequences of this approach may have for rhetorical criticism.

Master of Arts / Department of English / Elizabeth Dodd / This thesis analyzes the protagonists’ pursuit of alternatives to traditionally patriarchal value through economic and ecofeminist critical lenses. The female protagonists in Prodigal Summer resist being identified through the social legacy of coverture that is still present in the small Appalachian town they live. Lusa, Deanna, and Nannie demonstrate that their socio-economic independence, acquired mainly due to their educational background, allows them not only to disconnect themselves from societal beliefs that the woman should be in the margins of the male presence, but also to interact with nature differently from others. The women’s separation from the institution of marriage and their embrace of motherhood as a matriarchal structure that mirrors the example of the coyotes’ families are studied as main examples of how they distance themselves from the other characters’ attitudes in the novel. This rejection of old ideologies of womanhood in terms of patriarchal structures and their fight for new spaces in society is also present in their struggle to physically inhabit spaces long considered male domains. Defeating the notion that women belong to the domestic space of the house, the protagonists pursue a feminist identity in much wider settings, including forests and farms. The characters’ choice to consider nature as their home demonstrates that they welcome the concept of ecology and recognize the interconnectedness present in nature. This study shows that because of the protagonists’ feminist views, they can imagine different ways to both manage the land and their families. The land ethics they acquire thus refers to humans and non-humans equally.

The first high resolution record of dinoflagellate cysts ~110-155 kyr over Termination II and the last interglacial in the Santa Barbara Basin, California from ODP Hole 893A details a complex paleoceanographic history. Changes in cyst abundances, concentrations, diversity, and assemblages reflect climatic and ocean circulation changes, and are successfully used to make quantitative reconstructions of past sea surface temperatures and annual primary productivity with the modern analogue technique based on a dinoflagellate cyst database from the northeast Pacific. The dominance of heterotrophic dinoflagellate cyst taxa Brigantedinium spp. throughout most of the section indicates coastal upwelling is an important influence on the basin. Based on the dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, five cyst zones are identified and approximately correspond to the marine isotope stage boundaries and their associated changes in sea surface temperatures and sea level. Cooler intervals, MIS 6 and MIS 5d, are characterized by cold-water indicator species Selenopemphix undulata whereas thermophyllic taxon Spiniferites mirabilis characterizes MIS 5e. In contrast to other studies in the Pacific, the data shows a one to two-thousand-year cooling event ~129 kyr that correlates to the Termination II sea level still-stand of the two-step deglaciation. A significant increase in cyst concentrations of heterotrophic and autotrophic taxa in the latest MIS 5e implies enhanced primary productivity as a result of increased seasonal upwelling and the warm, nutrient rich waters entering the basin after sea level stabilizes near modern levels. The hydrological evolution and cyst signal of the last interglacial is similar to the development of the Holocene in the Santa Barbara Basin, but the sustained presence of Spiniferites mirabilis across MIS 5e indicates sea surface temperatures were higher than modern conditions. The quantitative reconstructions appear to be less reliable, and show wide sea surface temperature changes across MIS 6 to 5d (~6.2-10.7°C in February; ~12.6-20.3°C in August) similar to modern ranges, while annual primary productivity was confined to a higher narrower range (~456-586 g C m-2 yr-1). / Graduate / 2020-04-18

In what follows I examine problems surrounding Barbara Herrnstein Smith's relativist conception of value in her book Contingencies of Value: Alternative Perspectives for Critical Theory. I begin by showing how her conception of value is comprised of two distinct philosophical claims: the first axiological and the second epistemological. She first presents an anti-objectivist argument for axiological relativism which is quite tenable. She then tries to gain further support for this position by putting forth a version of epistemological relativism, a move which not only fails, but if true would undermine even her relativist axiology. Once I have shown her constructivist position to be misleading, if not incoherent, I then reconsider what her axiological position would look like if it had the support of a more tenable epistemology. I therefore offer a conception of value, borrowed from Paul Grice's The Conception of Value and Allan Gibbard's Wise Choices, Apt Feelings, which argues from a realist epistemology yet accepts a significant degree of axiological relativism.

This thesis analyzes the connection between film and body memory. Christian Schwochow’s Novemberkind (2008), Johannes Schmid's Wintertochter (2011) and Christian Petzold's Barbara (2012) are post-unification films that represent the past through the senses of sight, sound and touch. Communicative memory conveys the past to future generations, and different material objects, such as photographs, carry the past into the future. These films offer different perspectives and generations, as well as different sense memories of the German past.

Thesis (M.T.S.)--Catholic Theological Union at Chicago, 1992. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaf [42]).

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