Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:33:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia Hachmann.pdf: 3247117 bytes, checksum: 6ba658b3f3416445aa48be94f4e01ddf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Due to the degrading effects to the environment, resulting from the economic growth and from the high consumption standards, discussions about Sustainable Development have been fostered, which have been widely discussed in recent decades by mankind in order to ensure the quality of life of this and future generations through proper management of natural resources. Therefore, it becomes important to identify indicators to measure progress toward Sustainable Development perspective, able to provide a solid basis for decision in the various spheres of society, contributing to the creation of conditions conducive to sustainability. Therefore, the research aimed to analyze the Sustainable Development of Mesoregion West of Paraná in comparison with the rest of the state, for the years 2000 and 2010, evaluating the Welfare of the Human System and the Welfare of the Environmental System the region, through a data collection and use of the Barometer of Sustainability tool. The research method was quantitative and qualitative, to the extent that techniques for analysis, decomposition, aggregation and discussion of data were employed, stages according to composition the Barometer of Sustainability. Moreover, in its methodological aspects, the research has an exploratory and documentary feature. The results showed that the Mesoregion West of Paraná ranked in 2000 as Nearly Untenable and in 2010 as Untenable. / Em virtude dos efeitos degradantes ao meio ambiente, decorrentes do crescimento econômico e do elevado padrão de consumo, fomentaram-se as discussões acerca do Desenvolvimento Sustentável, que vêm sendo amplamente discutido nas últimas décadas pela sociedade, como forma de garantir a qualidade de vida desta e das futuras gerações, através da gestão adequada dos recursos naturais. Logo, torna-se importante a identificação de indicadores que permitam avaliar o progresso em direção à perspectiva do Desenvolvimento Sustentável, capazes de fornecerem uma base sólida para a tomada de decisões nas diversas esferas da sociedade, contribuindo para a criação de condições que propiciem a sustentabilidade. Assim sendo, a pesquisa teve como objetivo geral, analisar o Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Mesorregião Oeste do Paraná em comparação com o restante do Estado, para os anos de 2000 e 2010, avaliando o Bem-Estar do Sistema Humano e o Bem-Estar do Sistema Ambiental da região, através de um levantamento de dados e a utilização da ferramenta Barômetro da Sustentabilidade. O método de pesquisa utilizado foi o quantitativo-qualitativo, na medida em que foram empregadas técnicas para análise, decomposição, agregação e discussão dos dados, conforme os estágios para composição do Barômetro da Sustentabilidade. Além disso, em seus aspectos metodológicos, a pesquisa tem característica exploratória e documental. Os resultados demonstraram que a Mesorregião Oeste do Paraná classificou-se, no ano de 2000, como Quase Insustentável e em 2010, como Insustentável.

Master‘s thesis is focused on problematic about state of RC plane model during the flight. Device is able to measure overload, height, position, pressure and velocity of the flight and store this measurement data to memory medium. The main aim of the master‘s thesis was to design a functional board, firmware for device and design simple program for evaluating of measured data. Involvement consists of five basic parts. First part is microcontroller, which processes measurement data and communicate with others parts. Next is accelerometer. Accelerometer is used for scanning overload of the plane. Barometer is used for measurement of height and pressure. For measuring position and velocity is used GPS module. Last part is memory medium. MicroSD is used as memory medium for storing measurement data. Evaluation of measured data is realized as simple program with base graphical user interface. Program was created in Matlab.

This document deals with issues of testing semiconductor inertial sensors like gyroscopes and accelerometers, but also other sensors like magnetometers, inclinometers and others for aviation navigation purposes where strict requirements cover every system. The goal of this thesis is to create modular test platform for testing wide variety of sensors in different combinations under variable circumstances. The development covers mechanical design, electrical design – hardware and also control algorithm – software.

This thesis deals with a system for tracking the trajectory of the moving object. Further, also for obtaining additional motion data and other information. Thesis focuses on flying objects. There are described all system components and way of their communication. Next, the progress of the expansion unit for measuring by the BeagleBone Black platform. Also there is described testing that took place during aerobatic gliders races, including the demonstrations of recording data and their processing.

<p>     Farmers face significant uncertainty, like weather and prices. Micro-economic theory tells us that when facing uncertainty, an agent, or farmer, makes economic decisions based upon their expectations. This primitive is important for agricultural economics. The “classic” agricultural economic problems: acreage allocation, commodity storage, technology adoption, household labor engagement, etc., are all influenced by the expectations of farmers. Despite expectations pervasive inclusion in economic theory and the decades of attention from agricultural economists, we still know relatively little about how farmers form expectations. This Dissertation is aimed at this opportunity.</p> <p>     The first chapter estimates the degree to which information is incorporated in farmland value expectations. Theoretically, an agent’s expectation should represent all available information. However, there are reasons to believe that an agent may not possess all the pertinent information or they may not be able to interpret the information. Macroeconomists have developed two models to explain the degree to which information may not be incorporated into expectations, The Sticky and Noisy Information Models. I use expectations and actual values of Iowa farmland from 1964 to 2021 to estimate the degree to which new information is not reflected in expectations, or exhibit information rigidities. I find that Iowa farmland market participants do experience information rigidities. From a practical standpoint, farmland is farmers’ most important collateral, the presence of public, simple farmland information may help mitigate lending challenges as a result of farmland value expectations.</p> <p>     The second chapter addresses how commodity price information is incorporated into the financial expectations of farmers. I estimate how unknown or surprise information from a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) report changes farmers’ attitudes and expectations of their financial conditions. This chapter, synthesizes literature from macroeconomics and commodity price analysis, and uses a unique source of data, the Purdue University/CME Group Ag Economy Barometer. The Ag Economy Barometer reflects the aggregate sentiment of farmers across the US. Like the consumer sentiment index from the University of Michigan, the Ag Economy Barometer can provide a snapshot of sentiment, a measure outside of fundamental economic indicators. Using the corn ending stocks values from the USDA World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE), I find that</p> <p>farmers’ short– and long–term expectations and attitudes toward large farm investments are increased by information implying a higher corn price. However, this relationship does not exist in the reverse direction and when corn is not actively growing. As a result, if farmers are acting on these changes in expectations, they may be engaging in suboptimal decision making.</p> <p>     The third and final chapter explores the degree to which previous experience is reflected in expectations. The tales of the financial hardship during 1980’s Farm Financial Crisis have been shared across farmers’ dining room tables for decades. The most prominent anecdote relates to the rapid decline in farmland prices. As mentioned in the first chapter, the asset value of farmland is important to farmers. As a result, if experiences like the 1980’s Farm Financial Crisis have created a downward bias toward farmland values, the asset may be undervalued and frictions may exist in the farmland lending market. Macroeconomists show that consumers’ inflation expectations are directly related to their life experiences. I use a panel of farmland market participants in the Purdue Land Value and Cash Rent Survey to estimate the effect of previous experience on farmland value expectations. I find no</p> <p>significant effects. However, my estimates are using variation in cross sectional data. This modeling choice does not rule out the potential of the Farm Financial Crisis effecting all market participants in a similar way, a question outside of my analysis.</p> <p>     Each chapter of this Dissertation addresses how an agent forms their expectations, a necessary first step in my journey as a researcher. I am interested in the link between expectations and economic outcomes. I have built considerable knowledge on expectation formation and will deploy this knowledge exploring the role of expectations in farm outcomes, like acreage allocation, commodity storage, technology adoption, and household labor engagement. In my next step as a researcher, I plan to use the current theoretical advancements in behavioral economics, the explosion in empirical methods and computing, and the availability of data to re-visit the role of expectations in “classic” farm economics problems.</p>

Denna rapport sammanfattar resultat av ett examensarbete på en högskoleingenjörsutbildningsom utfördes av två studenter på Malmö högskola.Arbetets syfte var att genomföra en mängd olika experiment med accelerometer, barometeroch GPS i en modern smarttelefon. Ett antal scenarier för en tänkbar sensoranvändning i applikationerformulerades för att vägleda olika experiment. Experimentdata dokumenterades noggrantoch analyserades med avsikten att skapa en databank med information för framtida studier.Analys av data inkluderar höjdbestämning i naturen och i byggnader med hjälp av barometersensor,geografisk position med hjälp av GPS, hastighet och acceleration under en hissfärdmed hjälp av accelerometer.Rapporten innehåller en omfattande litteraturstudie om användning av sensorer vid inomhuspositionering.Från analys av mätdata, kom vi fram till slutsatsen att är möjligt att beräkna höjdenfrån barometerdata med bra noggrannhet under optimala omständigheter. GPS höjdenfrån mätningarna har stor felmarginal jämfört med den verkliga höjden samt när den jämförsmed den beräknade höjden från barometern.Genom att utföra en numerisk integration på accelerometer-data kom vi fram till att det är möjligtatt beräkna ungefär hur långt man har färdats med en hiss, dock att vissa detaljer måste tasi beaktning. / This report summarizes the results of a degree Bachelor of engineering in Computer Scienceconducted by two students at Malmo University.Work aim was to conduct a variety of experiments with accelerometer, barometer and GPS in amodern smartphone. A number of scenarios for a possible sensor use in applications formulatedto guided experiments. Data is carefully documented and analyzed, with the intention tocreate a database of information for future studies. Analysis of the data includes the altitudedetermination in nature and in buildings using barometric sensor, geographic location usingGPS, speed and acceleration during an elevator journey with the help of accelerometer.The report contains a comprehensive literature review on the use of sensors for indoorpositioning.From our analysis of the measurement data, we conclude that it is possible to calculate thealtitude from barometric- information but good accuracy if there are optimum circumstances.GPS altitude from our measurements show faulty height by a large margin compared with theactual height and when it is compared with the calculated height of the barometer the barometricheight is closer to the actual height.By performing a numerical integration of the accelerometer data, the results show that it ispossible to calculate approximately how far you have traveled in meters in an elevator, howeverthere are some things that must be taken into consideration.

This thesis investigates the emergence and establishment of an early public monitoring system of the Swedish economy prior to the First World War. The study relies on a careful examination of the source materials with the view to map why and how the monitoring of the Swedish economy emerged, who demanded it, how the public supervision of the economy was organised and administrated and the results of the efforts. The common driving force was an increasing political interest in Sweden and elsewhere over the labour issue towards the end of the nineteenth century. In fact, the establishment of the monitoring system of the Swedish economy was largely the result of a broader international statistical respons to the labour question by the end of that century. The emergence of a public monitoring of the economy was driven by a general need for measuring the effect of industrialisation on the labour market, especially the growing problems with episodes of involuntary unemployment in the industrialised countries towards the end of the century. The thesis is divided in two parts with a total of ten chapters. It is written within a traditional narrative structure, that is, the beginning, the middle and the end. The first part examines the emergence of the surveillance of the labour market and consists of three chapters according to the narrative structure covering the period 1893-1913. The second part consists of three chapters that investigate the establishment of a monthly economic survey of the Swedish economy between 1910 and 1914, structured in the same way as the part one. The establishment of this early public monitoring of the Swedish economy should be regarded as a forerunner of the National Institute of Economic Research (Konjunkturinstitutet) 1937.