Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T22:30:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_6990_Correção_dissert_Flavio_28_10 (1).pdf: 746942 bytes, checksum: d24587836883c9d3d4a30408eb30dc57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-21 / O estudo de Equações Diferenciais sob o ponto de vista algébrico foi iniciado por volta de 1932 por J. F. Ritt com o trabalho "Differential Equations from de Algebraic Standpoint". Posteriormente, em 1948, Ritt publicou o livro "Differential Algebra". Trata-se de se utilizar as ferramentas da Geometria Algébrica e da Álgebra Comutativa para estudar operadores diferenciais e consequentemente, conjuntos soluções de sistemas de equações diferenciais parciais. Nesta dissertação, pretendemos fazer um estudo preliminar da Álgebra Diferencial com o objetivo principal de aplicar em problemas de soluções de equações diferenciais parciais. Os trabalhos de referências principais são Implicitization of differential rational parametric equations de X. S. Gao (2003) e Implicitization of DPPES and Deifferential Resultants de S. L. Rueda e J. R. Sendra (2008).

Este trabalho dá as bases para a criação de um sistema computacional, gráfico-interativo, de apoio ao ordenamento territorial. Dada a complexidade e multiplicidade de dados exigidos nesta área, parte do princípio de que a Cartografia Temática, nos seus moldes tradicionais, não tem meios de atender às necessidades das Geociências, na disposição e representação de forma integrada dos resultados de suas análises. Uma plataforma de informações, informatizada, nesta área, vem ao encontro das expectativas das instituições de pesquisa ambiental, posto que proporciona o aproveitamento efetivo de seus estudos aplicados. Da mesma forma, constitui uma importante ferramenta de trabalho para os órgãos ligados ao planejamento, à tomada de decisão e à monitoria. Posiciona o ordenamento territorial quanto à sua definição, como compreendido atualmente, e, quanto a conceitos praticados, quando de seu surgimento, por volta dos anos 60, como conseqüência dos estudos regionais realizados. Uma tentativa de situar seu campo de ação é feita, em meio a novas terminologias, abordagens e conceitos decorrentes da retomada do interesse da Sociedade na utilização ordenada de seu território. Lança as bases para a implantação de um sistema de apoio ao ordenamento territorial, indicando algumas atitudes compreensivas e apontando principais procedimentos. Com a modelagem do sistema, através de diagramas e fluxogramas, chega-se à estruturação dos arquivos de dados, apoiando-se numa simulação de incorporação de subsídios. Utiliza como objeto da simulação, o diagnóstico ambiental realizado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE, para a bacia do rio Itapecuru, no Estado do Maranhão. A simulação é encerrada com um teste de funcionalidade da estrutura proposta, por meio de consultas que buscam a agregação dos dados para pesquisas específicas. / Establishes the basis for the creation of a computerized, graphics-interactive territorial arrangement support system. Given the complexity and multiplicity of data required in this field, it is based in the fact that Thematic Cartography - in its traditional form - does not fulfill the needs of Geosciences, failing to provide a integrated representation of its analyses\' findings. Such a computerized database, in this field, meets the needs of environmental research institutions, allowing the actual employment of its applied work. At the same time, it also establishes an important working tool for agencies in charge of planning, decision-making and monitoring. Contextualizes territorial arrangement, according to its perception today and in terms of concepts in practice that date back to its appearance, consequence of regional studies conducted during the 1960s. Attempts to assess its action domain, in our time, in the midst of the arrival of new terminology approaches and concepts - as a result of Society\'s interest retrieval in the ordained use of territory. Lays the foundation for the implementation of a territorial arrangement support system, its comprehensive behavior, structure and key procedures. Enables the shaping of the system, through diagrams and flow charts, followed by the database configuration, based on a real-life simulation of information collection. As the replicated matter, it applies the environmental diagnoses of the Itapecuru River basin, in the Brazilian state of Maranhão, prepared by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). Completes the simulation with an operational test of the proposed system, through research that seeks data integration in specific studies.

Dans cette thèse, nous étudions le concept d’algèbre pré-Lie libre engendrée par un ensemble (non-vide). Nous rappelons la construction par A. Agrachev et R. Gamkrelidze des bases de monômes dans les algèbres pré-Lie libres. Nous décrivons la matrice des vecteurs d’une base de monômes en termes de la base d’arbres enracinés exposée par F. Chapoton et M. Livernet. Nous montrons que cette matrice est unipotente et trouvons une expression explicite pour les coefficients de cette matrice, en adaptant une procédure suggérée par K. Ebrahimi-Fard et D. Manchon pour l’algèbre magmatique libre. Nous construisons une structure d’algèbre pré-Lie sur l’algèbre de Lie libre $\mathcal{L}$(E) engendrée par un ensemble E, donnant une présentation explicite de $\mathcal{L}$(E) comme quotient de l’algèbre pré-Lie libre $\mathcal{T}$^E, engendrée par les arbres enracinés (non-planaires) E-décorés, par un certain idéal I. Nous étudions les bases de Gröbner pour les algèbres de Lie libres dans une présentation à l’aide d’arbres. Nous décomposons la base d’arbres enracinés planaires E-décorés en deux parties O(J) et $\mathcal{T}$(J), où J est l’idéal définissant $\mathcal{L}$(E) comme quotient de l’algèbre magmatique libre engendrée par E. Ici, $\mathcal{T}$(J) est l’ensemble des termes maximaux des éléments de J, et son complément O(J) définit alors une base de $\mathcal{L}$(E). Nous obtenons un des résultats importants de cette thèse (Théorème 3.12) sur la description de l’ensemble O(J) en termes d’arbres. Nous décrivons des bases de monômes pour l’algèbre pré-Lie (respectivement l’algèbre de Lie libre) $\mathcal{L}$(E), en utilisant les procédures de bases de Gröbner et la base de monômes pour l’algèbre pré-Lie libre obtenue dans le Chapitre 2. Enfin, nous étudions les développements de Magnus classique et pré-Lie, discutant comment nous pouvons trouver une formule de récurrence pour le cas pré-Lie qui intègre déjà l’identité pré-Lie. Nous donnons une vision combinatoire d’une méthode numérique proposée par S. Blanes, F. Casas, et J. Ros, sur une écriture du développement de Magnus classique, utilisant la structure pré-Lie de $\mathcal{L}$(E). / In this thesis, we study the concept of free pre-Lie algebra generated by a (non-empty) set. We review the construction by A. Agrachev and R. Gamkrelidze of monomial bases in free pre-Lie algebras. We describe the matrix of the monomial basis vectors in terms of the rooted trees basis exhibited by F. Chapoton and M. Livernet. Also, we show that this matrix is unipotent and we find an explicit expression for its coefficients, adapting a procedure implemented for the free magmatic algebra by K. Ebrahimi-Fard and D. Manchon. We construct a pre-Lie structure on the free Lie algebra $\mathcal{L}$(E) generated by a set E, giving an explicit presentation of $\mathcal{L}$(E) as the quotient of the free pre-Lie algebra $\mathcal{T}$^E, generated by the (non-planar) E-decorated rooted trees, by some ideal I. We study the Gröbner bases for free Lie algebras in tree version. We split the basis of E- decorated planar rooted trees into two parts O(J) and $\mathcal{T}$(J), where J is the ideal defining $\mathcal{L}$(E) as a quotient of the free magmatic algebra generated by E. Here $\mathcal{T}$(J) is the set of maximal terms of elements of J, and its complement O(J) then defines a basis of $\mathcal{L}$(E). We get one of the important results in this thesis (Theorem 3.12), on the description of the set O(J) in terms of trees. We describe monomial bases for the pre-Lie (respectively free Lie) algebra $\mathcal{L}$(E), using the procedure of Gröbner bases and the monomial basis for the free pre-Lie algebra obtained in Chapter 2. Finally, we study the so-called classical and pre-Lie Magnus expansions, discussing how we can find a recursion for the pre-Lie case which already incorporates the pre-Lie identity. We give a combinatorial vision of a numerical method proposed by S. Blanes, F. Casas, and J. Ros, on a writing of the classical Magnus expansion in $\mathcal{L}$(E), using the pre-Lie structure.

Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero en Recursos Naturales Renovables / La calidad y el tiempo invertido en el proceso de toma de decisiones depende de la recopilación de antecedentes, información existente y la accesibilidad y entendimiento por parte de los tomadores de decisiones de ésta. Se plantea que estos procesos se ven facilitados con la utilización de sistemas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones. En este contexto se evaluó la aplicabilidad de un soporte de información y conocimiento, las bases de datos semánticas (BDS), como herramienta de transferencia de conocimiento científico y/o experto para la toma de decisiones en el sector público. En este estudio se construyó una base de datos semántica de la clasificación de cuerpos de agua de Chile. El proceso de construcción consideró la conceptualización del área de estudio o dominio de conocimiento, la explicitación de conceptos y la construcción de la ontología. Posteriormente, se realizó una evaluación de esta base de datos como herramienta de transferencia de conocimiento, para lo cual se realizaron dos evaluaciones. La primera evaluó el desempeño de profesionales en la solución de problemas relacionados con el conocimiento almacenado en la BDS, en comparación con el desempeño con soportes tradicionales para este mismo tipo de conocimiento. La segunda evaluó la percepción de la aplicabilidad de la herramienta en el sector público con profesionales del Ministerio del Medio Ambiente (MMA). La evaluación evidenció que las BDS presentan similares tiempos de acceso a la información que los soportes tradicionales, en dominios de conocimiento afines a los profesionales evaluados. El número de errores en el grupo evaluado con la BDS (10% de errores) es menor que el grupo evaluado con soportes tradicionales (35% de errores), lo cual sugiere que el uso de esta herramienta tiene potencialidad en procesos de comprensión de la información y toma de decisiones. Por otro lado, la herramienta fue evaluada positivamente por los profesionales del MMA considerando que la herramienta es útil y adecuada para el soporte de información y conocimiento en su quehacer en la toma de decisiones. Finalmente, se concluye que la herramienta mejora la gestión de las temáticas abordadas en la institucionalidad ambiental, disminuyendo las brechas entre el sector público y el científico y/o experto mediante la explicitación de conceptos y la interconexión de éstos, facilitando el entendimiento entre profesionales semánticamente distantes. / Quality and time invested in the process of decision making depends on the gathering of background information as well as the access and understanding that decision makers have on this. It's been argued that this processes are facilitated by the use of decision-making support systems. In this context, the applicability of an information and knowledge support, the semantic databases (SDB), as a tool for scientific and/or expert knowledge transfer has been evaluated, for the decision making processes in the public sector. In this study, a semantic database of the Chilean water bodies classification was built. The process of building considers the conceptualization regarding the study area or knowledge domain, the explicit statement of concepts and the construction of the ontology. Later, this database was evaluated as a tool for knowledge transfer, for which two assessments were carried out. The first one evaluated the performance of the professionals in the solution of problems related with the knowledge stored in the SDB, in comparison with the performance of traditional support for this same kind of knowledge. The second one evaluated the perception of the applicability of the tool in the public sector with professionals from the Environment Ministry. The assessment made evident that the SDB present similar times of information access than traditional supports, in similar knowledge domains as the evaluated professionals. The number of errors in the evaluated group with the SDB is lower than the group evaluated with traditional supports, which suggests that the use of this tool has a potentiality for information understanding and decision making processes. On the other side, the tool was positively evaluated by the professionals of the ministry, considering it as a useful and adequate tool for the information and knowledge support for their decision making work. Finally, it's concluded that the tool improves the management of the addressed themes in the environmental institutions, diminishing the gaps between the public sector and the scientist and/or expert, through the explicit statement of concepts and the interconnection between them, facilitating the understanding among semantically distant professionals.

No description available.

Magíster en Ciencias, Mención Computación / El principal objetivo de esta tesis es encontrar casos tratables y buenas técnicas para computar Certain Answers sobre bases de datos de grafos incompletas, en tiempo polinomial. Las bases de datos de grafos surgen naturalmente de la necesidad de almacenar información de redes, tales como Facebook, mapas de rutas o la web. La idea de "incompletitud" viene de la falta de información completa, complejidad con la cual tenemos que trabajar a diario. Sobre estas bases de datos de grafos carentes de información completa, queremos realizar preguntas en la forma de consultas particulares y determinar si la pregunta puede ser contestada de la misma forma en cada posible completación de la base de datos. La respuesta a estas preguntas en cada posible completación de una base de datos de grafos incompleta es llamada Certain Answers. El problema de Certain Answers sobre bases de datos de grafos incompletas ya ha sido estudiado, y es conocido que este problema es en general co-NP completo. En esta tesis convertimos el problema de computar Certain Answers en un problema 3-SAT con su fórmula lógica booleana asociada. Podemos probar que bajo ciertas condiciones esta fórmula lógica tiene un número de variables que nos permite determinar si es satisfacible en tiempo polinomial. Luego, probamos que estas condiciones son exhaustivas: sin cualquiera de ellas el problema se vuelve co-NP completo otra vez. Para analizar más clases tratables del problema de Certain Answers, convertimos el problema Certain Answers en un problema de programación lineal entera. Con esta formulación de programación lineal, encontramos algunos casos tratables, algoritmos y heurísticas para resolverlo. Sin embargo, el principal logro es la nueva formulación en sí, porque nos permite usar las bien conocidas técnicas de programación lineal para encontrar más casos tratables y mejores heurísticas.

No autorizada por el autor para ser publicada a texto completo en el Portal de Tesis Electrónicas / Unidad de práctica para optar al título de Químico Farmacéutico

No description available.

Steeb, W.H., Prof.

Several Schiff base ligands, N, N‟-(aryl)benzyaldiimine ligands (R-BEN); N, N‟-(aryl)benzyaldiamine dihydrochloride ligands (R-BENH•2HCl); N, N‟-(aryl)benzyaldiamine ligands (R-BENH); N, N‟-bis(cinnamaldiimine) ligands (R-CA2EN) were synthesized for the investigation of the electronic effect of the substituents at para-position of the Schiff base ligands and their copper complexes. The synthesis of Schiff bases was carried out by reacting a series of para-substituted benzyaldehyde, and para-substituted cinnamaldehyde with ethylenediamine. The imine group of Schiff bases, N, N‟-(aryl)benzyaldiimine ligands and N, N‟-bis(cinnamaldiimine)ligands were reduced to corresponding amines with sodium borohydride in methanol These ligands, N, N‟-(aryl)benzyaldiamine ligands (H-BENH), N, N‟-bis(cinnamaldiimine)ligands (CA2EN) were reacted with copper(II) dihalide and copper(I) monohalide ions respectively to form complexes. The ligands and their complexes were analysed using elemental analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy (mid-IR), UV/vis in aprotic and protic solvents,while mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR were used to further analyse the ligands. By using substituent parameters, both the single and dual substituent parameters with the spectroscopic data obtained from the spectroscopic techiques mentioned above, it was hoped to monitor and determine whether the electronic effects (resonance or inductive effcets) was predominantly within the Schiff base ligands and copper complexes. The NMR studies with dual substituent parameters suggest that the effects of the substituents are transimitted through the ligands, via resonance effects and that the phenyl group is nonplanar with the azomethine in N, N‟-(aryl)benzyaldiimine ligands. The presence of an extra double bond in Schiff base {(N, N‟-bis(cinnamaldiimine) ligand)} altered the electron density. The UV/vis studies showed that the symmetry of the N, N‟-bis(4-R-benzyl)-1, 2-diaminoethanedihalidecopper(II) complexes were predominantly tetrahedral for both chloro and bromo complexes. The correlation studies from mid-infrared were beneficial in monitoring the effect experienced by N, N‟-(aryl)benzaldiimine ligands, the studies suggest that the inductive effect is more pronounced at the C=N.