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Dr. Lenore Walker developed battered woman syndrome to address the issue of domestic violence and to give battered women a defense in situations in which they kill their abusive partners when they are not overtly threatening them. Self-defense law is based on male on male combat. Women are less able to protect themselves in an attack by a man, and so they may preemptively attack their sleeping partners to avoid a situation in which they cannot adequately protect themselves. Battered woman syndrome explains why these battered women act in a way that is irrational to a non-battered person. Walker's theory of learned helplessness explains why the woman does not leave the abusive relationship, and the cycle of violence theory explains why she perceives an imminent threat. Battered woman syndrome is problematic in its legal application because of problems with its scientific validity and reliability. It also furthers gender stereotypes and blurs the line between a justification and an excuse defense. While, Dr. Walker's intentions were good, battered woman syndrome is inadequate. Women's difference from men still have to be acknowledged in cases in which battered women kill their husband's, but social agency framework is a more effective way to acknowledge gender differences. This framework takes into account social circumstances that would explain a woman's actions rather than including pathology. This would explain why the woman did not leave an abusive relationship. To avoid the pathology of BWS while explaining why the woman felt an imminent threat, the defense can turn to a pattern of abuse that helps her reasonably recognize when violence is likely.

In light of the existing literature and research conducted in the area of domestic violence, several recurrent symptoms continue to surface as a result of both physical and non-physical abuse. Two of the most prevalent psychological symptoms requiring intervention tend to be depression and low self-esteem. Therefore, it is the intention of this study to empirically examine the type of abuse female victims of domestic violence experience and its link to their psychological distress. Specifically, it is hypothesized that victims of non-physical abuse will be more likely to experience low self-esteem than depression. Victims of physical abuse will have a greater prevalence of depression than low self-esteem.

Background: Violence in a close relationship refers to various acts that can be repeated and systematic, it occurs through physical, mental, financial, sexual violence and abuse. the suffering. Communication is the basis for all meetings, this means listening, understanding and getting closer and being able to receive the affected woman's report of violence. Aim: The aim was to describe nurses' experiences of and attitudes towards meeting women who are exposed to violence in close relationships.  Aim: The purpose was to describe nurses' experiences of and attitudes towards meeting women who have been subjected to violence in a close relationship.  Method: Literature review performed through 10 selected qualitative scientific studies. The studies were analyzed according to Friberg's method. Scientific articles were retrieved from two database Cinahl Complete and Pubmed.  Conclusion: The results of this literature review have been themed on the basis of four themes; (1) exposure to violence eats away at the nurse's strengths, (2) finding the balance between personal values and the nurse's professional role, (3) feeling understanding and hesitation in meeting women who have been subjected to violence & (4) lack of support and room for maneuver in the organization  Results: nurses described that it was difficult to meet abused women. Nurses described that it was not obvious how they would act in that situation. This was because the nurses did not understand the situation correctly, they had prejudices, fears or defense mechanisms. A conflict between themselves and their role, organizational constraints or uncontrolled stress made it difficult to work.

Kvinnor begår färre våldsbrott än män, och endast en tiondel av alla mord begås av kvinnor. Detta speglas i att relativt lite forskning om kvinnor som begår dödligt våld har genomförts. När kvinnor dödar är det ofta en nuvarande, eller före detta, intim partner som faller offer. Men varför dödar kvinnor en person som de tidigare valt att spendera sitt liv med? Finns det några likheter mellan dessa kvinnor? Denna systematiska litteraturstudie visar att en majoritet av de kvinnor som tar livet av sin partner, gör det efter att ha utsatts för fysiskt och psykiskt våld av sin partner under lång tid. Tidigare partnervåld, och den överhängande risken att utsättas för ännu en episod av grovt våld, leder till att dessa kvinnor lever med ständig skräck, rädsla och ångest. Många av dessa kvinnor upplever även en känsla av isolation, vilket förstärks av att mannen ofta förbjuder dem att arbeta utanför hemmet. Kvinnor som dödar sin partner gör det ofta i, vad de själva anser är, självförsvar. Många av dessa kvinnor menar att de dödade sin partner för att de var tvungna. Hade de inte gjort det hade de själva förmodligen blivit mördade. / Women commit fewer violent crimes than men, with only one tenth of all murders committed by females. This is reflected in the fact that relatively little research has been conducted about women who kill. When women kill, the victim is often a current or former intimate partner. But why do some women kill an individual whom they have previously chosen to spend their life with? Are there any similarities between these women? This systematic literature review shows that a majority of women who take the life of an intimate partner, do it after having been subjected to physical and psychological violence by their partner for a long period of time. Former partner violence, and the imminent risk of being subjected to yet another episode of serious violence, leads to these women living with constant fear, horror and anxiety. Many of these women also experience a sense of isolation, which is reinforced by the fact they their partner often forbids them to work outside of the home. Women who kill their intimate partner often do so in, what they feel is, self-defence. Many of these women say that they killed their partner because they had to. Had they not killed him, they themselves would probably have been murdered.

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In the submitted thesis I focus on domestic violence issues. In the theoretical part, I outline these issues based on a bibliographic research; I specify a basic classification of domestic violence, its development, and the current situation in the Czech Republic. Further, I deal with an analysis of the victim and offender personalities and present a valid legislative framework. Last but not least, I present a list of selected organisations providing support for the persons at risk of domestic violence and principles of their work with such victims. In the empirical part I focus on an analysis of the methods of work and cooperation among selected supporting organisations and this based on interviews with their representatives. After reviewing all the obtained information, I present a proposal aimed at an improvement of the work with domestic violence victims. At the same time, I propose a task that is to be developed as a project by secondary school students within primary prevention; the project is aimed at familiarization of students with the correct and adequate procedures applied by workers from the organisations providing support for domestic violence victims.

Thesis Transgeneration transfer of aggressive behaviour in families as a cause of domestic violence has theoretically - empirical nature and is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part is defined by the family, its functions, types, and family pathology is described in the context of domestic violence and CAN syndrome. The central chapters of this section also deal with educational styles, parental attitudes, characteristics of domestic violence and child development in families with the occurrence of domestic violence. The practical part includes a qualitative analysis of documents, families affected by domestic violence, held at the Municipal Office Prachatice, department of Social and legal protection of children. The analysis examined whether these families can be considered the transgeneration transfer patterns of behaviour and styles of upbringing family to multiply family. The analysis is complemented by interviewed case study. Keywords Family, functions of family, styles of education, child evolution, domestic violence, battered woman syndrome, child as a victim of domestic violence, Child Abuse And Neglect syndrome, transgenerational transmission of domestic violence.