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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Enumerative and bijective aspects of combinatorial maps : generalization, unification and application / Aspects énumératifs et bijectifs des cartes combinatoires : généralisation, unification et application

Fang, Wenjie 11 October 2016 (has links)
Le sujet de cette thèse est l'étude énumérative des cartes combinatoires et ses applications à l'énumération des autres objet s combinatoires.Les cartes combinatoires, aussi appelées simplement « cartes », sont un modèle combinatoire riche. Elles sont définies d'une manière intuitive et géométrique, mais elles sont aussi liées à des structures algébriques plus complexes. Par exemple, l'étude d'une famille de cartes appelées des « constellations » donne un cadre unifié à plusieurs problèmes d'énumération des factorisations dans le groupe symétrique. À la croisée des différents domaines, les cartes peuvent être analysées par une grande variété de méthodes, et leur énumération peut aussi nous aider à compter des autres objets combinatoires. Cette thèse présente un ensemble de résultats et de connexions très riches dans le domaine de l'énumération des cartes. Cette thèse se divise en quatre grandes parties. La première partie, qui correspond aux chapitres 1 et 2, est une introduction à l'étude énumérative des cartes. La deuxième partie, qui correspond aux chapitres 3 et 4, contient mes travaux sur l'énumération des constellations, qui sont des cartes particulières présentant un modèle unifié de certains types de factorisation de l'identité dans le groupe symétrique. La troisième partie, qui correspond aux chapitres 5 et 6, présente ma recherche sur le lien énumératif entre les cartes et des autres objets combinatoires, par exemple les généralisations du treillis de Tamari et les graphes aléatoires qui peuvent être plongés dans une surface donnée. La dernière partie correspond au chapitre 7, dé ns lequel je conclus cette thèse avec des perspectives et des directions de recherche dans l'étude énumérative des cartes. / This thesis deals with the enumerative study of combinatorial maps, and its application to the enumeration of other combinatorial objects. Combinatorial maps, or simply maps, form a rich combinatorial model. They have an intuitive and geometric definition, but are also related to some deep algebraic structures. For instance, a special type of maps called \emph{constellations} provides a unifying framework for some enumeration problems concerning factorizations in the symmetric group. Standing on a position where many domains meet, maps can be studied using a large variety of methods, and their enumeration can also help us count other combinatorial objects. This thesis is a sampling from the rich results and connections in the enumeration of maps.This thesis is structured into four major parts. The first part, including Chapter 1 and 2, consist of an introduction to the enumerative study of maps. The second part, Chapter 3 and 4, contains my work in the enumeration of constellations, which are a special type of maps that can serve as a unifying model of some factorizations of die identity in the symmetric group: The third part, composed by Chapter 5 and 6, shows my research on the enumerative link from maps to other combinatori al objects, such as generalizations of the Tamari lattice and random graphs embeddable onto surfaces. The last part is the closing chapter, in which the thesis concludes with some perspectives and future directions in the enumerative study of maps.
2

Matrix representation for partitions and Mock Theta functions

Bagatini, Alessandro January 2016 (has links)
Neste trabalho, com base em representações por matrizes de duas linhas para alguns tipos de partição (algumas já conhecidas e outras novas), identificamos propriedades sugeridas por classificá-las de acordo com a soma dos elementos de sua segunda linha. Esta soma sempre fornece alguma propriedade da partição relacionada. Se considerarmos versões sem sinal de algumas funções Mock Theta, seu termo geral pode ser interpretado como função geradora para algum tipo de partição com restrições. Para retornar aos coeficientes originais, é possível definir um peso para cada matriz e depois somá-las para contá-los. Uma representação análoga para essas partições nos permite observar propriedades sobre elas, novamente por meio de uma classificação referente à soma dos seu elementos da segunda linha. Esta seriação é feita por meio de tabelas criadas pelo software matemático Maple, as quais nos sugerem padrões e identidades relacionadas com outros tipos de partições conhecidas e, muitas vezes, encontrando uma fórmula fechada para contá-las. Tendo as conjecturas obtidas, elas são provadas por meio de bijeções entre conjuntos ou por contagem. / In this work, based on representations by matrices of two lines for some kind of partition (some already known and other new ones), we identify properties suggested by classifying them according to the sum of its second line. This sum always provides some properties of the related partition. If we consider unsigned versions of some Mock Theta Functions, its general term can be interpreted as generating function for some kind of partition with restrictions. To come back to the original coefficients, you can set a weight for each array and so add them to evaluate the coefficients. An analogous representation for partitions allows us to observe properties, again by classificating them according to the sum of its elements on the second row. This classification is made by means of tables created by mathematical software Maple, which suggest patterns, identities related to other known types of partitions and often, finding a closed formula to count them. Having established conjectured identities, all are proved by bijections between sets or counting methods.
3

Matrix representation for partitions and Mock Theta functions

Bagatini, Alessandro January 2016 (has links)
Neste trabalho, com base em representações por matrizes de duas linhas para alguns tipos de partição (algumas já conhecidas e outras novas), identificamos propriedades sugeridas por classificá-las de acordo com a soma dos elementos de sua segunda linha. Esta soma sempre fornece alguma propriedade da partição relacionada. Se considerarmos versões sem sinal de algumas funções Mock Theta, seu termo geral pode ser interpretado como função geradora para algum tipo de partição com restrições. Para retornar aos coeficientes originais, é possível definir um peso para cada matriz e depois somá-las para contá-los. Uma representação análoga para essas partições nos permite observar propriedades sobre elas, novamente por meio de uma classificação referente à soma dos seu elementos da segunda linha. Esta seriação é feita por meio de tabelas criadas pelo software matemático Maple, as quais nos sugerem padrões e identidades relacionadas com outros tipos de partições conhecidas e, muitas vezes, encontrando uma fórmula fechada para contá-las. Tendo as conjecturas obtidas, elas são provadas por meio de bijeções entre conjuntos ou por contagem. / In this work, based on representations by matrices of two lines for some kind of partition (some already known and other new ones), we identify properties suggested by classifying them according to the sum of its second line. This sum always provides some properties of the related partition. If we consider unsigned versions of some Mock Theta Functions, its general term can be interpreted as generating function for some kind of partition with restrictions. To come back to the original coefficients, you can set a weight for each array and so add them to evaluate the coefficients. An analogous representation for partitions allows us to observe properties, again by classificating them according to the sum of its elements on the second row. This classification is made by means of tables created by mathematical software Maple, which suggest patterns, identities related to other known types of partitions and often, finding a closed formula to count them. Having established conjectured identities, all are proved by bijections between sets or counting methods.
4

Matrix representation for partitions and Mock Theta functions

Bagatini, Alessandro January 2016 (has links)
Neste trabalho, com base em representações por matrizes de duas linhas para alguns tipos de partição (algumas já conhecidas e outras novas), identificamos propriedades sugeridas por classificá-las de acordo com a soma dos elementos de sua segunda linha. Esta soma sempre fornece alguma propriedade da partição relacionada. Se considerarmos versões sem sinal de algumas funções Mock Theta, seu termo geral pode ser interpretado como função geradora para algum tipo de partição com restrições. Para retornar aos coeficientes originais, é possível definir um peso para cada matriz e depois somá-las para contá-los. Uma representação análoga para essas partições nos permite observar propriedades sobre elas, novamente por meio de uma classificação referente à soma dos seu elementos da segunda linha. Esta seriação é feita por meio de tabelas criadas pelo software matemático Maple, as quais nos sugerem padrões e identidades relacionadas com outros tipos de partições conhecidas e, muitas vezes, encontrando uma fórmula fechada para contá-las. Tendo as conjecturas obtidas, elas são provadas por meio de bijeções entre conjuntos ou por contagem. / In this work, based on representations by matrices of two lines for some kind of partition (some already known and other new ones), we identify properties suggested by classifying them according to the sum of its second line. This sum always provides some properties of the related partition. If we consider unsigned versions of some Mock Theta Functions, its general term can be interpreted as generating function for some kind of partition with restrictions. To come back to the original coefficients, you can set a weight for each array and so add them to evaluate the coefficients. An analogous representation for partitions allows us to observe properties, again by classificating them according to the sum of its elements on the second row. This classification is made by means of tables created by mathematical software Maple, which suggest patterns, identities related to other known types of partitions and often, finding a closed formula to count them. Having established conjectured identities, all are proved by bijections between sets or counting methods.
5

Transitive Factorizations of Permutations and Eulerian Maps in the Plane

Serrano, Luis January 2005 (has links)
The problem of counting ramified covers of a Riemann surface up to homeomorphism was proposed by Hurwitz in the late 1800's. This problem translates combinatorially into factoring a permutation with a specified cycle type, with certain conditions on the cycle types of the factors, such as minimality and transitivity. Goulden and Jackson have given a proof for the number of minimal, transitive factorizations of a permutation into transpositions. This proof involves a partial differential equation for the generating series, called the Join-Cut equation. Furthermore, this argument is generalized to surfaces of higher genus. Recently, Bousquet-M&eacute;lou and Schaeffer have found the number of minimal, transitive factorizations of a permutation into arbitrary unspecified factors. This was proved by a purely combinatorial argument, based on a direct bijection between factorizations and certain objects called <em>m</em>-Eulerian trees. In this thesis, we will give a new proof of the result by Bousquet-M&eacute;lou and Schaeffer, introducing a simple partial differential equation. We apply algebraic methods based on Lagrange's theorem, and combinatorial methods based on a new use of Bousquet-M&eacute;lou and Schaeffer's <em>m</em>-Eulerian trees. Some partial results are also given for a refinement of this problem, in which the number of cycles in each factor is specified. This involves Lagrange's theorem in many variables.
6

Transitive Factorizations of Permutations and Eulerian Maps in the Plane

Serrano, Luis January 2005 (has links)
The problem of counting ramified covers of a Riemann surface up to homeomorphism was proposed by Hurwitz in the late 1800's. This problem translates combinatorially into factoring a permutation with a specified cycle type, with certain conditions on the cycle types of the factors, such as minimality and transitivity. Goulden and Jackson have given a proof for the number of minimal, transitive factorizations of a permutation into transpositions. This proof involves a partial differential equation for the generating series, called the Join-Cut equation. Furthermore, this argument is generalized to surfaces of higher genus. Recently, Bousquet-M&eacute;lou and Schaeffer have found the number of minimal, transitive factorizations of a permutation into arbitrary unspecified factors. This was proved by a purely combinatorial argument, based on a direct bijection between factorizations and certain objects called <em>m</em>-Eulerian trees. In this thesis, we will give a new proof of the result by Bousquet-M&eacute;lou and Schaeffer, introducing a simple partial differential equation. We apply algebraic methods based on Lagrange's theorem, and combinatorial methods based on a new use of Bousquet-M&eacute;lou and Schaeffer's <em>m</em>-Eulerian trees. Some partial results are also given for a refinement of this problem, in which the number of cycles in each factor is specified. This involves Lagrange's theorem in many variables.
7

Formas ponderadas do Teorema de Euler e partições com raiz : estabelecendo um tratamento combinatório para certas identidades de Ramanujan

Silva, Eduardo Alves da January 2018 (has links)
O artigo Weighted forms of Euler's theorem de William Y.C. Chen e Kathy Q. Ji, em resposta ao questionamento de George E. Andrews, matemático estadunidense, sobre encontrar demonstrações combinatórias de duas identidades no Caderno Perdido de Ramanujan, nos mostra algumas formas ponderadas do Teorema de Euler sobre partições com partes ímpares e partes distintas via a introdução do conceito de partição com raiz. A propositura deste trabalho é envolta à apresentação de resultados sobre partições com raiz de modo a posteriormente realizar formulações combinatórias das identidades de Ramanujan por meio deste conceito, procurando estabelecer conexões com formas ponderadas do Teorema de Euler. Em particular, a bijeção de Sylvester e a iteração de Pak da função de Dyson são elementos primordiais para obtê-las. / The article Weighted forms of Euler's theorem by William Y.C. Chen and Kathy Q. Ji in response to the questioning of George E. Andrews, American mathematician, about nding combinatorial proofs for two identities in Ramanujan's Lost Notebook shows us some weighted forms of Euler's Theorem on partitions with odd parts and distinct parts through the introduction of the concept of rooted partition. The purpose of this work involves the presentation of results on rooted partitions in order to make combinatorial formulations of Ramanujan's identities, seeking to establish connections with weighted forms of Euler's Theorem. In particular, the Sylvester's bijection and the Pak's iteration of the Dyson's map are primordial elements to obtain them.
8

Formalisme DELTA : un outil de description logique pour la synthèse automatique dans la conception des machines séquentielles synchrones

Nemmour, Mohamed 03 December 1981 (has links) (PDF)
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9

Formas ponderadas do Teorema de Euler e partições com raiz : estabelecendo um tratamento combinatório para certas identidades de Ramanujan

Silva, Eduardo Alves da January 2018 (has links)
O artigo Weighted forms of Euler's theorem de William Y.C. Chen e Kathy Q. Ji, em resposta ao questionamento de George E. Andrews, matemático estadunidense, sobre encontrar demonstrações combinatórias de duas identidades no Caderno Perdido de Ramanujan, nos mostra algumas formas ponderadas do Teorema de Euler sobre partições com partes ímpares e partes distintas via a introdução do conceito de partição com raiz. A propositura deste trabalho é envolta à apresentação de resultados sobre partições com raiz de modo a posteriormente realizar formulações combinatórias das identidades de Ramanujan por meio deste conceito, procurando estabelecer conexões com formas ponderadas do Teorema de Euler. Em particular, a bijeção de Sylvester e a iteração de Pak da função de Dyson são elementos primordiais para obtê-las. / The article Weighted forms of Euler's theorem by William Y.C. Chen and Kathy Q. Ji in response to the questioning of George E. Andrews, American mathematician, about nding combinatorial proofs for two identities in Ramanujan's Lost Notebook shows us some weighted forms of Euler's Theorem on partitions with odd parts and distinct parts through the introduction of the concept of rooted partition. The purpose of this work involves the presentation of results on rooted partitions in order to make combinatorial formulations of Ramanujan's identities, seeking to establish connections with weighted forms of Euler's Theorem. In particular, the Sylvester's bijection and the Pak's iteration of the Dyson's map are primordial elements to obtain them.
10

Consecutive patterns and statistics on restricted permutations

Elizalde Torrent, Sergi 16 July 2004 (has links)
El tema d'aquesta tesi és l'enumeració de permutacions amb subseqüències prohibides respecte a certs estadístics, i l'enumeració de permutacions que eviten subseqüències generalitzades.Després d'introduir algunes definicions sobre subseqüències i estadístics en permutacions i camins de Dyck, comencem estudiant la distribució dels estadístics -nombre de punts fixos' i -nombre d'excedències' en permutacions que eviten una subseqüència de longitud 3. Un dels resultats principals és que la distribució conjunta d'aquest parell de paràmetres és la mateixa en permutacions que eviten 321 que en permutacions que eviten 132. Això generalitza un teorema recent de Robertson, Saracino i Zeilberger. Demostrem aquest resultat donant una bijecció que preserva els dos estadístics en qüestió i un altre paràmetre. La idea clau consisteix en introduir una nova classe d'estadístics en camins de Dyck, basada en el que anomenem túnel.A continuació considerem el mateix parell d'estadístics en permutacions que eviten simultàniament dues o més subseqüències de longitud 3. Resolem tots els casos donant les funcions generadores corresponents. Alguns casos són generalitzats a subseqüències de longitud arbitrària. També descrivim la distribució d'aquests paràmetres en involucions que eviten qualsevol subconjunt de subseqüències de longitud 3. La tècnica principal consisteix en fer servir bijeccions entre permutacions amb subseqüències prohibides i certs tipus de camins de Dyck, de manera que els estadístics en permutacions que considerem corresponen a estadístics en camins de Dyck que són més fàcils d'enumerar.Tot seguit presentem una nova família de bijeccions del conjunt de camins de Dyck a sí mateix, que envien estadístics que apareixen en l'estudi de permutacions amb subseqüències prohibides a estadístics clàssics en camins de Dyck, la distribució dels quals s'obté fàcilment. En particular, això ens dóna una prova bijectiva senzilla de l'equidistribució de punts fixos en les permutacions que eviten 321 i en les que eviten 132. A continuació donem noves interpretacions dels nombres de Catalan i dels nombres de Fine. Considerem una classe de permutacions definida en termes d'aparellaments de 2n punts en una circumferència sense creuaments. N'estudiem l'estructura i algunes propietats, i donem la distribució de diversos estadístics en aquests permutacions.En la següent part de la tesi introduïm una noció diferent de subseqüències prohibides, amb el requeriment que els elements que formen la subseqüència han d'aparèixer en posicions consecutives a la permutació. Més en general, estudiem la distribució del nombre d'ocurrències de subparaules (subseqüències consecutives) en permutacions. Resolem el problema en diversos casos segons la forma de la subparaula, obtenint-ne les funcions generadores exponencials bivariades corresponents com a solucions de certes equacions diferencials lineals. El mètode està basat en la representació de permutacions com a arbres binaris creixents i en mètodes simbòlics.La part final tracta de subseqüències generalitzades, que extenen tant la noció de subseqüències clàssiques com la de subparaules. Per algunes subseqüències obtenim nous resultats enumeratius. Finalment estudiem el comportament assimptòtic del nombre de permutacions de mida n que eviten una subseqüència generalitzada fixa quan n tendeix a infinit. També donem fites inferiors i superiors en el nombre de permutacions que eviten certes subseqüències.

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