In the last decade Video on Demand (VOD) services are becoming the centre of audiovisual entertainment consumption. American company Netflix is currently the biggest player on the market. Thanks to growing base of viewers it has become big competitor even for big hollywood studios. Those studios don't want to lose the track in this new, popular segment of on-line entertainment, therefore they are also coming out with their own platforms. Viewer's habits on VOD services has many specifics, for example in ways of consumption or in choosing the content. The subject of this thesis is to capture allround behaviour of czech user on VOD platforms.

Kernmerkmal der Binge-Eating-Störung (BES) sind wiederkehrende Essanfälle ohne einen regelmäßigen Einsatz von unangemessenen kompensatorischen Verhaltensweisen zur Vorbeugung einer Gewichtszunahme. Bei Essanfällen nehmen die Betroffenen große Nahrungsmengen zu sich und erleben einen Kontrollverlust über das eigene Essverhalten (Diagnostisches und Statistisches Manual Psychischer Störungen, DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association APA 2015). Die BES ist die häufigste Essstörung und geht in der Regel mit psychischer Komorbidität, reduzierter Lebensqualität, Übergewicht und Adipositas sowie deren Folgeerkrankungen einher. Darüber hinaus berichten Betroffene mit BES häufig von substantiellen Beziehungsproblemen, darunter dysfunktionaler Kommunikation und Unzufriedenheit in der Paarbeziehung, die zu Essanfällen beitragen (Whisman et al. 2012; Ansell et al. 2012). Jedoch bleibt weitgehend unklar, wie diese Beziehungsprobleme behandelt werden können (Cierpka et al. 2007). Die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie gilt laut evidenzbasierten Behandlungsleitlinien als die am besten belegte Therapie der BES (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der wissenschaftlich-medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, im Druck). Bislang brachte die Erweiterung dieses Ansatzes durch den Einbezug des Partners in die kognitiv-behaviorale Gruppentherapie keine zusätzlichen Vorteile (Gorin et al. 2003), möglicherweise da sie nicht speziell für Paare mit BES konzipiert wurde. Allgemein gilt die Wirksamkeit von kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischer Paartherapie zur Verbesserung der Beziehungsqualität von gesunden Paaren jedoch als bewiesen (Baucom et al. 2003). Weiterhin erwies sich die störungsspezifische kognitiv-behaviorale Paartherapie zur Behandlung psychischer Störungen, beispielsweise von Depression, als ebenso wirksam wie die evidenzbasierte Individualtherapie (Bodenmann et al. 2008). Aktuell zeigte auch die Anwendung paartherapeutischer Interventionen zur Behandlung von Anorexia Nervosa als wirksam (Baucom et al. 2017; Bulik et al. 2011; Kirby et al. 2015). Partnerschaftsprobleme werden auch für die Anorexia Nervosa als störungsaufrechterhaltend diskutiert (Teufel et al. 2017). Ziel dieser Fallstudie war es, ein störungsspezifisches Manual für kognitive Verhaltenstherapie für Paare mit BES zu entwickeln und zu erproben, und zwar an einem Paar, bei dem beide Partner von BES betroffen waren.

Objective: Binge-eating disorder (BED) in adults is associated with alterations in executive functions (EF) and obesity. Much less is known about these relationships in adolescents, including whether poor EF are associated with eating disorder psychopathology and/or elevated body mass index. The present study examined EF in response to neutral stimuli in youth with BED. Method: Adolescents with BED and obesity (n=22), individually matched adolescents with obesity (n=22), and normal weight (n=22) completed neuropsychological tests targeting inhibition (Color-Word Interference Test), sustained attention (D2 Concentration Endurance Test), cognitive flexibility (Comprehensive Trail Making Test), and decision-making (Iowa Gambling Task). Results: Adolescents with BED and obesity displayed significantly poorer inhibitory control compared to normal-weight adolescents. This effect persisted after controlling for the level of secondary education. However, initial differences between adolescents with obesity and normal-weight controls regarding inhibitory control and sustained attention vanished after controlling for education. The three groups did not differ regarding cognitive flexibility and decision-making. Moreover, adolescents with BED and obesity did not perform worse than adolescents with obesity on any of the neuropsychological tests. Discussion: Overall, our results indicate adolescent BED is associated with only a few alterations in general EF, specifically inhibitory control, and underline BED and educational level as confounding factors in neuropsychological research on obesity. To further delineate EF profiles of adolescents with BED, future research should focus on EF in response to disorder-related stimuli and experimental settings with high ecological validity.

Objective: Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) can reduce disease incidence, morbidity, and mortality. However, few studies have investigated the urban-rural differences in social and behavioral factors influencing CRC screening. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential factors across urban-rural groups on the usage of CRC screening. Methods: A total of 38,505 adults (aged ≥40 years) were selected from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) data - the latest CHIS data on CRC screening. The weighted generalized linear mixed-model (WGLIMM) was used to deal with this hierarchical structure data. Weighted simple and multiple mixed logistic regression analyses in SAS ver. 9.4 were used to obtain the odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The overall prevalence of CRC screening was 48.1% while the prevalence in four residence groups - urban, second city, suburban, and town/rural, were 45.8%, 46.9%, 53.7% and 50.1%, respectively. The results of WGLIMM analysis showed that there was residence effect (p < 0.0001) and residence groups had significant interactions with gender, age group, education level, and employment status (p < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age, race, marital status, education level, employment stats, binge drinking, and smoking status were associated with CRC screening (p < 0.05). Stratified by residence regions, age and poverty level showed associations with CRC screening in all four residence groups. Education level was positively associated with CRC screening in second city and suburban. Infrequent binge drinking was associated with CRC screening in urban and suburban; while current smoking was a protective factor in urban and town/rural groups. Conclusions: Mixed models are useful to deal with the clustered survey data. Social factors and behavioral factors (binge drinking and smoking) were associated with CRC screening and the associations were affected by living areas such as urban and rural regions.

Excessive alcohol consumption (EAC) is an important public health problem. Several researchers have examined work-related influences on EAC, but few have investigated the predictors of EAC related to business travel. This study measured the association between EAC and frequency of business travel, duration of business travel, and job industry among U.S. business travelers. Research was conducted within the social-ecological theoretical framework. Snowball sampling was used to gather data from 187 business travelers. Data were evaluated using bivariate analysis to assess the association between measures of EAC and each independent variable. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates. Respondents aged 45-54 and 55 and older had significantly lower odds of binge drinking than those aged 18-34, OR = 0.33, 95% CI [.11, .98], p < .05; and OR = .13, 95% CI [.03, .55], p < .01, respectively. Females aged 55 and older and all females who traveled frequently in the previous month had lower odds of binge drinking compared to females 18-34 and infrequent female travelers (OR = .03, 95% CI [.00, .37], p < .01; OR = .34, 95% CI [.12, .99], p < .05, respectively). Both males (compared to females) and Protestants (compared to Catholics) had lower odds of heavy drinking (OR = .34, CI [.14,.84], P < .05; OR = .301, CI [.09,.99], P < .05, respectively). Results highlight the prevalence of EAC among business travelers, particularly among females. Multilevel interventions are proposed, which may reduce health-related disparities associated with EAC among this population of business travelers.

Eating disorders (ED) are maladaptive eating patterns that can have social, biological, health, and occupational consequences. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare binge eating episodes, locus of control, and body dissatisfaction between African-American men (n = 66; 53.70%) and Caucasian-American men (n = 57; 46.30%). There is a current gap in the existing literature regarding the study of men who BE and a sampling bias with regard to ethnic minorities. Based on Bandura's social learning theory model and Rotter's locus of control, the purpose of this research was to determine and compare the relationship between BE, locus of control, and body dissatisfaction among African-American and Caucasian-American men. The participants answered a demographic questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Internality, Powerful Others and Chance Scale (IPC), and Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ). A quantitative research design was used and the chi-square was performed to evaluate the variables of the research questions. The sample population came from the Walden University participants pool and men who are self-described binge eaters from the African-American and Caucasian-American ethnicity in the community. Key results showed that African- American men believed they had less power in their lives, lower levels of body dissatisfaction, and increased feelings of chance in their lives. Recommendations for further research can be to replicate this study using other ethnicities. Implications for social change can include increased knowledge of men that BE which can improve their overall health and quality of life while reducing medical costs.

No description available.

To provide a basis for electroencephalography (EEG) neurofeedback protocols for bulimianervosa (BN), binge-eating disorder (BED), and obesity, this systematic review investigates alterations in EEG-measured brain activity, specifically frequency bands. A systematic literature search with pre-defined search terms yielded N = 7 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was assessed for all studies. In resting-state EEG, the beta activity was elevated in fronto-central regions in individuals with obesity and comorbid BED. In food-cue conditions, both obese individuals with and without BED showed increased beta activity, suggesting increased awareness of food cues and a heightened attentional focus towards food stimuli. The level of beta activity was positively correlated with eating disorder psychopathology in resting and food-cue conditions. In individuals with BN, there was no evidence for altered EEG spectral power. The results indicate specific alterations in EEGbased brain activity in individuals with BED and obesity. More high-quality studies are needed to further confirm these findings and to transfer them into EEG-based interventions.

No description available.

Past research shows that weight-related teasing is linked to binge eating, but little is known about the individual risk factors that render certain people more vulnerable than others. The current study examined three potential risk factors for binge eating in response to weight-related teasing: weight stigmatization experiences, weight bias internalization, and emotion dysregulation. The current study empirically investigated how these factors interacted to predict concurrent binge eating behavior through a self-report questionnaire and eating behavior in a laboratory following exposure to a weight stigma vignette. First, it was hypothesized that higher levels of weight stigmatization and emotion dysregulation would be associated with higher levels of binge eating, which was consistent with the results of a multiple linear regression analysis. Second, it was predicted that higher levels of weight stigmatization and emotion dysregulation would predict greater quantities of cookie consumption during a bogus taste test following exposure to a weight stigma vignette. The hypothesis was not supported by a multiple linear regression. Third, we posited that weight bias internalization would moderate the relationship between weight stigmatization and emotion dysregulation on disordered eating, such that higher levels of weight bias internalization would be associated with higher levels of binge eating. This was not supported by a hierarchical regression analysis. Overall, the results highlight variables pertinent to the relationship between weight stigma and binge eating. Future research should test the model in clinical samples to see if it is more relevant to people with more severe levels of eating pathology.