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Collecting in vivo samples of osseous tissue using the cortical bone double-chamber a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ... denture prosthodontics ... /Kaigler, Darnell. January 1986 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.
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Response of mast cells in skin biopsy of falciparum malaria /Panop Wilainam, Parnpen Viriyavejakul, January 2003 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.Sc. (Tropical Medicine))--Mahidol University, 2003.
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Collecting in vivo samples of osseous tissue using the cortical bone double-chamber a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ... denture prosthodontics ... /Kaigler, Darnell. January 1986 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1986.
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Multiphoton microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging and optical spectroscopy for the diagnosis of neoplasiaSkala, Melissa Caroline, January 2007 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Duke University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.
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Emprego das tabelas de Partin nas prostatovesiculectomias radicais do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreGorziza, Alexandre January 2005 (has links)
Objetivo: Analisar a casuística de prostatovesiculectomias radicais com linfadenectomia ilíaca avaliando a validade das Tabelas de Partin versão 2001. Estudar variáveis que possam interferir no confinamento ou não da neoplasia como retardo cirúrgico, peso prostático, resultados referentes à biópsia e ano da cirurgia. Material e Métodos: Avaliação retrospectiva de 568 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para câncer de próstata clinicamente localizado entre 1995 até agosto de 2005 no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Foram excluidos quem tivesse feito hormonioterapia neoadjuvante ou com diagnóstico feito por ressecção endoscópica da próstata e aqueles com insuficiência dos dados no prontuário. Estágio clínico pelo toque retal , valores de PSA e dados da biópsia que diagnosticou a neoplasia, assim como dos dados da peça da prostatectomia radical foram coletados. Os valores preditivos das Tabelas de Partin, versão 2001 foram comparados com os do espécime cirúrgico e analisados através de Curvas R.OC. Foram também avaliados tempo de espera para cirurgia, peso da próstata, ano da cirurgia, uni ou bilateralidade tumoral na biópsia e qual a biópsia que diagnosticou (primeira ou ulterior) e analisados como fatores preditivos para confinamento ou não da neoplasia. Resultados: A idade média do pacientes foi 63 (42-77). A percentagem de estágio T1c foi de 63 %. Pacientes com escore de Gleason 2-4 na biópsia constituiram 20,2 %, notadamente antes de 2000. O percentual de pacientes com níveis de PSA menores de 4,0 ng/ml foi de 8,3 % e acima de 10,0 ng/ml foi de 35 %. Os percentuais de doença confinada ao órgão, extensão extra-prostática, invasão de vesículas seminais e metástases linfonodais foram 48,2 %, 35,3%, 13,9% e 2,6% , respectivamente. A área sob a curva calculada para doença confinada ao órgão foi de 0,65 , enquanto as áreas sob as curvas para extensão extra-prostática, invasão de vesículas seminais e metástases linfonodais foi respectivamente 0,54; 063 e 0,77. Pacientes que tiveram o diagnóstico já na primeira biópsia, ou com biópsias bilateralmente comprometidas e aqueles operados antes de 2000 tinham tendência ao não confinamento. Biópsias realizadas a partir de 2000 que já foram positivas na primeira tentativa tiveram maior tendência ao confinamento do que até 1999. Conclusão: As Tabelas de Partin tiveram valor preditivo marginal para as características patológicas finais como doença confinada ao órgão e invasão de vesículas seminais e valor preditivo importante para metástases linfonodais. Não mostraram valor preditivo para extensão extra-prostática. Bilateralidade tumoral na biópsia, diagnóstico na primeira biópsia (especialmente até 1999) e cirurgia antes de 2000 configuraram situações com tendência a tumores não confinados. / Objective: The predictive value of current Partin tables (2001) has been not validated in most of the countries as well Brazil. Therefore, we evaluated the validity of 2001 Partin tables for the ability to predict the pathological stage in specimens of radical prostatectomy. Also, we analysed how biopsies can predict results for organ confinement or not and as well what the year of the surgery can make in organ confinement issue . Materials and methods: The clinical and pathological findings of 568 patients who have had radical prostatectomy and iliac lymphadenectomy from 1995 to 2005 at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre were assessed. Those with missing information, patients who had neoadjuvant endocrine treatment and those who had the diagnosis by transurethral ressection of prostate were excluded. Serum PSA, clinical stage, biopsy characteristics and the pathological features of the specimens were collected. The predictive value of Partin tables and pathological findings of prostatectomy specimens were compared and analyzed according to Receiver Operating Characteristics curves. The delay of the surgery, prostate weight, year of the surgery, bilaterality of the biopsies and if the diagnostic biopsy was the first or not were important for the organ confined disease were also tested. Results: Median age of the patients was 63(42-77). The percentage of patients with clinical stage T1c was 63%. Gleason score 2-4 in biopsy constituted 20,2 %, at mainly before 2000. The ratio of patients with serum PSA above 4,0 ng/ml was 8,3% and higher than 10,0 ng/ml was 35%.Organ confined disease, extra-prostatic extension, seminal vesicle involvement and lymph node metastasis were 48,2%; 35,3%; 13,9 % and 2,6% respectively. Area under curve (AUC) values for organ confined disease, extra-prostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node involvement were 0,65 ; 0,54; 0,63 and 0,77. Tumor bilaterallity at biopsy and positive biopsy at the first procedure (at least until 1999) as well radical prostatectomy before 2000 were predictors for non organ confined prostate cancer. Conclusion: Partin tables have a marginally predictive value for the pathological features like organ confined disease and seminal vesicle involvement and a good predictive value for lymph node metastasis prediction. They don’t have predictive value for extra-prostatic extension. Positive first biopsy, bilateral tumor at biopsy and radical prostatectomy before 2000 were predictive for non organ confined disease.
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EQUINE PREANTRAL FOLLICLES: ULTRASOUND-GUIDED BIOPSY PICK-UP METHOD TO HARVEST OVARIAN TISSUE FOR IN VITRO PROCESSING, EVALUATION AND CULTUREHaag, Keith 01 May 2012 (has links)
The mammalian ovary contains a vast reserve of oocytes, most of which are enclosed within preantral follicles. A Biopsy Pick-Up (BPU) method was tested to determine the feasibility of retrieving preantral follicles from mare ovaries in vivo. BPU fragments were collected from 5 to 21 yr old mares during the breeding season and processed using a tissue chopper, submitted to histological analysis or submitted to in vitro culture for 1 or 7 days. In conclusion, the BPU method is a reliable way to repeatedly harvest large numbers of viable, morphologically normal preantral follicles from living mares without affecting ovarian function or general reproductive health. Additionally, equine preantral follicles undergo development and growth when submitted to in vitro culture in α-MEM for 7 days, with some follicles maintaining morphological normality throughout. These technologies could be used in the future to enable the use of numerous oocytes present within the equine ovary to preserve genetic material or for large-scale embryo production.
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Associação entre eosinofilia duodenal e dispepsia funcionalLeite, Carine January 2014 (has links)
Introdução: Dispepsia funcional é uma doença de alta prevalência e grande impacto econômico e social. Sua etiologia ainda é pouco conhecida, e a literatura tem sugerido a associação do aumento do número de eosinófilos em mucosa duodenal com os sintomas dispépticos. No entanto, o tema ainda é controverso. Objetivo: Avaliar se existe associação entre contagem de eosinófilos duodenais e sintomas dispépticos. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes dispépticos funcionais pelos critérios de Roma III (casos) e indivíduos assintomáticos do trato gastrointestinal (controles). Os dois grupos foram pareados por idade, sexo e infecção por Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Eosinófilos da segunda porção duodenal foram quantificados em 5 campos de maior aumento (CMA), selecionados randomicamente em fragmentos de biópsias endoscópicas, e o valor comparado entre os grupos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 42 dispépticos funcionais e 21 controles (idade média 39,6 e 38,7 anos respectivamente); 71,4% mulheres e 61,9% H. pylori positivos em cada grupo. Casos e controles apresentaram semelhante contagem de eosinófilos/CMA na biópsia duodenal, mediana 11,9 e 12,6 respectivamente (P=0,194). No grupo de casos a contagem de eosinófilos foi maior entre os portadores de H. pylori do que nos indivíduos não infectados (mediana 13,6 versus 6,1 P<0,001); no entanto foi semelhante no grupo de controles (mediana 12,6 versus 15,7 P=0,8). Conclusões: Não foi demonstrada diferença de contagem de eosinófilos duodenais entre dispépticos funcionais e controles. Entretanto, parece haver interação com infiltrado eosinofílico e sintomas no subgrupo de casos infectados pelo H. pylori. / Introduction: Functional dyspepsia is a highly prevalent disease with major economic and social impact. Its etiology is still poorly understood, and it has been suggested the association of increased numbers of eosinophils in duodenal mucosa with dyspeptic symptoms. However, this issue is still controversial. Objective: To determine if there is association between duodenal eosinophilia and dyspeptic symptoms. Methods: Functional dyspeptic patients according to the Rome III criteria (cases) and individuals without gastrointestinal symptoms (controls) were included. Groups were matched by age, sex and infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Eosinophils in the second duodenal portion were counted in five high-power fields (HPF), randomly selected in endoscopic biopsies and the value was compared between groups. Results: 42 functional dyspeptic patients and 21 controls (mean age 39.6 and 38.7 years old, respectively) were included; 71.4% were women and 61.9% were positive for H. pylori in each group. Cases and controls had similar eosinophil counts/HPF in the duodenal biopsy: median 11.9 and 12.6 respectively (P = 0.194). In the case group the eosinophil count was higher in H. pylori carriers than in noncarriers (median 13,6 versus 6,1 P<0,001); however this count was similar in the control group (median 12,6 versus 15,7 P=0,8). Conclusions: No difference was found in duodenal eosinophil count between functional dyspeptic patients and controls. However, there seems to be an interaction between eosinophilic infiltrate and symptoms in the subgroup of H. pylori-infected cases.
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Navigation en temps-réel pour la biopsie de prostate / Surgical navigation for prostate biopsySelmi, Sonia Yuki 31 October 2017 (has links)
Le cancer de la prostate est devenu depuis deux décennies le cancer le plus fréquent de l’homme dans le monde et représente la troisième cause de décès par cancer chez l’homme en France. La biopsie de prostate est l’examen de confirmation diagnostique standard de ce cancer. Elle permet, par des prélèvements systématisés ou dirigés vers une cible, l’analyse anatomopathologique du tissu prostatique. Guidée par échographie transrectale, l’objectif de la biopsie est de réaliser une cartographie prostatique avec une série de prélèvements multiples bien distribués dans le volume de la prostate. Cependant, la réalisation de biopsies de prostate présente de nombreuses difficultés pour le clinicien car le geste demande une représentation 3D d’un organe très déformable et mobile. Ainsi l’accès à une cartographie précise des biopsies effectuées a un intérêt pour l’amélioration de la qualité des biopsies, la traçabilité des biopsies et l’apprentissage du geste.En partant de ce constat clinique, l’objectif de cette thèse est la conception d’un système de suivi pour la navigation et le guidage de la biopsie de prostate écho-guidée par voie rectale compatible avec une application clinique. Notre approche se base sur une méthode de recalage 2D-3D rigide, qui met en correspondance une image 2D échographique et un volume échographique de référence acquis en début de procédure. Le recalage 2D-3D d’images échographiques est complexe parce que l’information hors-plan n’est pas présente dans l’image 2D et les images échographiques sont très bruitées. Nous avons développé une méthode, dite hybride, qui consiste en la mise en correspondance de caractéristiques de l’image à partir d’une distance basée sur les intensités de pixels/voxels et sur une proximité euclidienne. La précision et robustesse de l’algorithme ont été évaluées sur des données de 20 patients acquises durant des procédures de biopsies de prostate dans deux centres hospitaliers français. Nous avons montré que l’amélioration de la TRE avant et après recalage est statistiquement significative. Près de 75% des TRE obtenues étaient inférieures à 5mm, qui est le seuil clinique de significativité des tumeurs.Par la suite, nous avons mis en application la méthode de recalage dans le cadre du suivi. Une expérimentation sur fantôme prostatique intégrant une sonde équipée d’un capteur de localisation est réalisée pour déterminer la faisabilité et l’apport en termes de précision pour la navigation pour la biopsie de prostate. Les premiers résultats obtenus par notre méthode de suivi montrent une preuve de concept approfondie pour une application clinique. L’information donnée par le capteur inertiel est difficile à exploiter de manière optimale. De nouvelles expérimentations dans des conditions plus favorables devraient être réalisées. Les premiers résultats du suivi sont malgré tout prometteurs dans l’objectif d’une application clinique.La perspective principale pour la méthode de suivi est son intégration dans la plateforme MIRAS, (commercialisée par Koelis) pour continuer l’évaluation. L’ajustement de la méthode et l’amélioration des temps de calcul sont les deux axes majeurs à approfondir pour faire naı̂tre un premier prototype de guidage temps-réel pour la biopsie de prostate. La collaboration de longue date entre les cliniciens et chercheurs de ce projet est un atout essentiel pour la future validation clinique. / Prostate cancer is the most common cancer world-wide for males and the second leading cause of cancer death in France. Prostate biopsy procedures, performed to obtain and analyze tissue samples of the gland, are required for diagnosis. The clinical standard protocol is currently performed under UltraSound (US) control following a systematic protocol. Unfortunately, prostate cancer diagnosis is complicated by the lack of image quality and the low intrinsic contrast between tumor and non-tumor on US images. Conventional biopsies are performed under Transrectal UltraSound (TRUS) guidance. Precisely localizing the biopsy sites is challenging because the gland has a symmetric shape and because the prostate moves and is deformed by the patient motion and the TRUS probe pressure.This work aims at designing a system for navigated prostate biopsies combining a low-cost tracking system and a 2D-3D US registration method. To achieve this objective, our approach is based on hybrid 2D-3D ultrasound (US) rigid registration method for navigated prostate biopsy that enables continuous localization of the biopsy trajectory during the exam.Accuracy and robusteness was evaluated on a significant patient data set recorded in routine uncontrolled conditions from two different hospitals. The results show that 75% of the cases with error less than 5mm, which is clinically acceptable.Thereafter, we developed experiments to evaluate the tracking. The method was tested in a prostate phantom and a probe tracking by a inertial sensor. It was shown that it can do a better localization than and inertial measurement unit. Those first results obtained by our tracking method have established a proof of concept for a future clinical application. We highlighted that the sensor data are complex to exploit in optimal conditions. Additional experiments sould be performed in more realistic conditions.The method adjustment and the computing time-enhancement are the two main approaches to develop to create a first prototype of real-time tracking for navigated prostate biopsy. The long-standing cooperation between clinicians and researchers is an essential asset for a future clinical validation.
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Emprego das tabelas de Partin nas prostatovesiculectomias radicais do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegreGorziza, Alexandre January 2005 (has links)
Objetivo: Analisar a casuística de prostatovesiculectomias radicais com linfadenectomia ilíaca avaliando a validade das Tabelas de Partin versão 2001. Estudar variáveis que possam interferir no confinamento ou não da neoplasia como retardo cirúrgico, peso prostático, resultados referentes à biópsia e ano da cirurgia. Material e Métodos: Avaliação retrospectiva de 568 prontuários de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia para câncer de próstata clinicamente localizado entre 1995 até agosto de 2005 no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Foram excluidos quem tivesse feito hormonioterapia neoadjuvante ou com diagnóstico feito por ressecção endoscópica da próstata e aqueles com insuficiência dos dados no prontuário. Estágio clínico pelo toque retal , valores de PSA e dados da biópsia que diagnosticou a neoplasia, assim como dos dados da peça da prostatectomia radical foram coletados. Os valores preditivos das Tabelas de Partin, versão 2001 foram comparados com os do espécime cirúrgico e analisados através de Curvas R.OC. Foram também avaliados tempo de espera para cirurgia, peso da próstata, ano da cirurgia, uni ou bilateralidade tumoral na biópsia e qual a biópsia que diagnosticou (primeira ou ulterior) e analisados como fatores preditivos para confinamento ou não da neoplasia. Resultados: A idade média do pacientes foi 63 (42-77). A percentagem de estágio T1c foi de 63 %. Pacientes com escore de Gleason 2-4 na biópsia constituiram 20,2 %, notadamente antes de 2000. O percentual de pacientes com níveis de PSA menores de 4,0 ng/ml foi de 8,3 % e acima de 10,0 ng/ml foi de 35 %. Os percentuais de doença confinada ao órgão, extensão extra-prostática, invasão de vesículas seminais e metástases linfonodais foram 48,2 %, 35,3%, 13,9% e 2,6% , respectivamente. A área sob a curva calculada para doença confinada ao órgão foi de 0,65 , enquanto as áreas sob as curvas para extensão extra-prostática, invasão de vesículas seminais e metástases linfonodais foi respectivamente 0,54; 063 e 0,77. Pacientes que tiveram o diagnóstico já na primeira biópsia, ou com biópsias bilateralmente comprometidas e aqueles operados antes de 2000 tinham tendência ao não confinamento. Biópsias realizadas a partir de 2000 que já foram positivas na primeira tentativa tiveram maior tendência ao confinamento do que até 1999. Conclusão: As Tabelas de Partin tiveram valor preditivo marginal para as características patológicas finais como doença confinada ao órgão e invasão de vesículas seminais e valor preditivo importante para metástases linfonodais. Não mostraram valor preditivo para extensão extra-prostática. Bilateralidade tumoral na biópsia, diagnóstico na primeira biópsia (especialmente até 1999) e cirurgia antes de 2000 configuraram situações com tendência a tumores não confinados. / Objective: The predictive value of current Partin tables (2001) has been not validated in most of the countries as well Brazil. Therefore, we evaluated the validity of 2001 Partin tables for the ability to predict the pathological stage in specimens of radical prostatectomy. Also, we analysed how biopsies can predict results for organ confinement or not and as well what the year of the surgery can make in organ confinement issue . Materials and methods: The clinical and pathological findings of 568 patients who have had radical prostatectomy and iliac lymphadenectomy from 1995 to 2005 at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre were assessed. Those with missing information, patients who had neoadjuvant endocrine treatment and those who had the diagnosis by transurethral ressection of prostate were excluded. Serum PSA, clinical stage, biopsy characteristics and the pathological features of the specimens were collected. The predictive value of Partin tables and pathological findings of prostatectomy specimens were compared and analyzed according to Receiver Operating Characteristics curves. The delay of the surgery, prostate weight, year of the surgery, bilaterality of the biopsies and if the diagnostic biopsy was the first or not were important for the organ confined disease were also tested. Results: Median age of the patients was 63(42-77). The percentage of patients with clinical stage T1c was 63%. Gleason score 2-4 in biopsy constituted 20,2 %, at mainly before 2000. The ratio of patients with serum PSA above 4,0 ng/ml was 8,3% and higher than 10,0 ng/ml was 35%.Organ confined disease, extra-prostatic extension, seminal vesicle involvement and lymph node metastasis were 48,2%; 35,3%; 13,9 % and 2,6% respectively. Area under curve (AUC) values for organ confined disease, extra-prostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion and lymph node involvement were 0,65 ; 0,54; 0,63 and 0,77. Tumor bilaterallity at biopsy and positive biopsy at the first procedure (at least until 1999) as well radical prostatectomy before 2000 were predictors for non organ confined prostate cancer. Conclusion: Partin tables have a marginally predictive value for the pathological features like organ confined disease and seminal vesicle involvement and a good predictive value for lymph node metastasis prediction. They don’t have predictive value for extra-prostatic extension. Positive first biopsy, bilateral tumor at biopsy and radical prostatectomy before 2000 were predictive for non organ confined disease.
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Quantificação de proteínas de fase aguda em éguas doadoras de embrião da raça quarto de milhaMendonça, Victor Hugo [UNESP] 21 August 2012 (has links) (PDF)
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mendonca_vh_me_araca.pdf: 468913 bytes, checksum: 8c8b58b207927414e570fc0da4f9dd42 (MD5) / A eficiência reprodutiva em éguas é geralmente baixa, sendo que 43% de éguas puro-sangue falham em conceber um potro vivo. Infecção bacteriana no lúmen uterino é uma das principais causas de infertilidade em éguas. O exame citológico do endométrio é o mais importante método auxiliar no controle da saúde genital da égua devido ao seu baixo custo, fácil emprego e a possibilidade de rápido diagnóstico de processos inflamatórios, mesmo que subclínicos. A indução experimental de endometrite por inóculos de E. coli em éguas promoveu um aumento significativo nas proteínas de fase aguda (APPs) sistemicamente demonstrado pelo aumento nas concentrações da proteína amiloide sérica A (SAA) e fibrinogênio, leucopenia transitória e aumento da expressão de mRNA de citocinas e SAA no endométrio (METTE et al., 2010). Os objetivos do presente estudo foram correlacionar os achados de exames ultrassonográficos e hematológicos com culturas microbiológicas, citologia e histopatologia endometrial de éguas que apresentam endometrite ou histórico reprodutivo insatisfatório, avaliar a influência das lavagens uterinas no ambiente uterino e determinar qual(is) proteína(s) de fase aguda poderia(m) ser utilizada(s) como marcador(es) da resposta inflamatória sistêmica. Doze éguas da raça Quarto de Milha, divididas em dois grupos: controle e com endometrite (n=6), foram avaliadas quanto aos parâmetros hematológicos, swab uterino para cultivo microbiológico, citologia endometrial, biópsia uterina, e eletroforese do soro para determinação das concentrações de proteínas de fase aguda, antes e após o processo de lavagem uterina. Os resultados do presente estudo mostraram que a cultura microbiológica associada ao exame citológico do endométrio possibilitaram a fácil identificação e classificação da endometrite já instalada... / The reproductive efficiency of mares is generally low, and 43% of Thoroughbred mares fail to conceive a live foal. Bacterial infection of the uterine lumen is a major cause of infertility in mares. The cytological examination of the endometrium is the most important method to assist in controlling the genital health of the mare due to its low cost, is easy to use and provides a rapid diagnosis of inflammatory processes. Experimental induction of endometritis by an inoculum of E. coli in mares caused a significant increase in acute phase proteins (APPs) systemically demonstrated by increased concentrations of serum amyloid A protein (SAA) and fibrinogen, transient leucopenia and increased mRNA expression of cytokines and SAA in the endometrium.The aim of this study was to correlate the ultrasonographic and hematological findings with results of the microbiological cultures, endometrial cytology and histopathology in mares with endometritis or poor reproductive history, assess the influence of uterine flushings in the uterine environment and determine which acute phase protein(s) might be used as a marker of systemic inflammatory response and evaluate the influence of uterine lavages on the uterine environment. Twelve Quarter Horse mares were divided into 2 groups: control and with endometritis (n=6) and were evaluated for hematological variables, uterine swab for microbiological culture, endometrial cytology, uterine biopsy and serum electrophoresis for determination of acute phase proteins concentrations before and after uterine lavage. The results of this study showed that the microbial culture associated with endometrial cytology allowed easy identification and classification of endometritis, and the histopathology was necessary to identify subclinical and/or chronic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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