<p>The goal of this study is to understand how residents may benefit from living in a mixed income, HOPE VI development in the South. This analysis focuses on a former housing project and its immediate neighborhood in the aftermath of HOPE VI revitalization. I conducted a case study by utilizing original data collected from in-depth, semi-structured interviews and unstructured interviews, along with administrative records, evaluation data, media accounts, observation, and casual encounters. A unique contribution of this study of a HOPE VI development is that it also addresses the surrounding neighborhood. Furthermore, this case study offers a unique lens for examining contemporary black gentrification in a publicly constructed space. </p><p>A major finding of this study is that complex intra-racial social dynamics among African American community members may stem from HOPE VI intervention. Specifically, there may be limited positive interaction among residents in the development, and between them and residents of the proximate exterior neighborhood. Further, the nature of constrained interaction manufactures divisive processes for claiming space and community identity that may potentially have negative consequences for renters. </p><p>These consequences stem from a reproduction of space and community, which shapes social control, policing, and exclusion contests, among other tensions. Overall, this study brings to bear some unimagined consequences of HOPE VI that potentially neutralize anticipated benefits of mixed income living for the poor, based on real and perceived alterations of class, mobility, and shared identity in and around the development site.</p> / Dissertation

Harlem is an emblematic neighborhood in New York City, historically perceived both as the center of African American culture and a black ghetto. This thesis explores the African American urban culture at its birth and analyzes it through the portrayals of Harlem in black literature, music, and visual art of the period. The era of the 1920s through the 1940s illustrates most distinctly the dual identity of Harlem as a cultural capital versus a ghetto as the 1920s marked a period of unprecedented cultural flowering embodied by the Harlem Renaissance, whereas the 1930s and 1940s were characterized by the Great Depression and its aftermath. During these years the living conditions in Harlem significantly deteriorated. The aim of this work is to critically analyze the period of African American cultural boom of the Harlem Renaissance years and discuss its relevance for the period in comparison to the artistic reactions to the experience of life in the ghetto. The proposed argument is that the way Harlem was depicted in African American culture and the artistic reflection of its duality characterized African American urban experience and culture in the period of 1920s through the 1940s, concentrating on the problem of urban reality in contrast with urban fantasy.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / Clubes negros foram a expressÃo da sociabilidade afro-negra no meio urbanos das cidades de Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, dentre outros. Abrigaram as facetas do registro urbano brasileiro da populaÃÃo negra. A pesquisa estuda o conjunto dos clubes negros de Juiz de Fora como uma expressÃo polÃtica importante para a histÃria da populaÃÃo negra da cidade. AtravÃs deles realizaram-se ideias de inserÃÃo destas populaÃÃes nas dinÃmicas sociais da cidade. A cidade formal processa o racismo institucional na sua produÃÃo. Racismo interpretado como um processo de dominaÃÃo entre grupos sociais e com as imposiÃÃes contrÃrias Ãs necessidades da populaÃÃo negra de inclusÃo social. Pensamos que a dimensÃo do lazer dos bailes e festas exigiu um projeto de resistÃncia coletiva e de uma forma de inserÃÃo social das populaÃÃes negras. A pesquisa utiliza Metodologia da AfrodescendÃncia no seu desenvolvimento, traduzindo o sujeito pesquisar como o sujeito pesquisado. Utiliza dos instrumentos da histÃria oral e documental. O trabalho traz a formaÃÃo da cidade de Juiz de Fora, a constituiÃÃo e transformaÃÃo dos bairros negros. Discute a amplitude e a importÃncia desses clubes para a populaÃÃo negra. Traduz a inscriÃÃo da populaÃÃo negra na histÃria urbana / Black people clubs were an expression of african-black urban sociability in the cities of states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, sheltered facets of Brazilian urban record of the black population. The research studies the set of black clubs of city of Juiz de For a as an important political expression to the history of the black population. Through them were held ideals of inclusion of these populations in the social dynamics of the city. The formal city processes the institutional racism in its production. Racism interpreted as a process of domination between social groups and the impositions contrary to the needs of the black population of social justice. We believe that the size of leisure of balls and parties there was a collective resistance project and a form of social inclusion. The research employs the methodology and the subject as life experience. This research work uses the tools of oral and documentary history. The work brings the formation of the city of Juiz de For a, the constitution and transformation of black neighborhoods. Discusses the breadth and importance of these clubs to the black population. Translates the inscription of the black population in urban history