Incomplete instrument is an institution in practice quite often used, but which raises a number of issues stemming mainly from its fragmentary legislation. The aim of my work is primarily to explore related issues, to confront conflicting views of theorists, to deal with the mismatch between theory and conclusions of the courts and in a case I find such to add my own opinion in a contentious area. The result should be a comprehensive presentation of incomplete instrument including the benefits and risks which this certainly interesting institute holds. Admissibility of incomplete instrument has been controversial issue for a long time. Especially the business practice established the existence of deeds that are not rightful Bills of Exchange or other securities as they don't contain all the particulars required by law, yet give its owner confidence that, if effort is made, they can be transformed into the proper Bills of Exchange. These documents are called Incomplete instruments. If we search for the essence of incomplete instrument, then it can be relatively easily determined even from its very name of which can be seen that this is a deed containing white spaces intended for later additions. Incomplete instrument is a precursor of future Bills. It is a deliberate deed issued in incomplete form,...

The present study aims to determine the optimum blank shape design for the deep drawing of arbitrary shaped cups with a uniform trimming allowance at the flange i.e. cups without ears. This earing defect is caused by planar anisotropy in the sheet and the friction between the blank and punch/die. In this research, a new method for optimum blank shape design using finite element analysis has been proposed. Explicit non-linear finite element (FE) code LSDYNA is used to simulate the deep drawing process. FE models are constructed incorporating the exact physical conditions of the process such as tooling design like die profile radius, punch corner radius, etc., material used, coefficient of friction, punch speed and blank holder force. The material used for the analysis is mild steel. A quantitative error metric called shape error is defined to measure the amount of earing and to compare the deformed shape and target shape set for each stage of the analysis. This error metric is then used to decide whether the blank needs to be modified or not. The cycle is repeated until the converged results are achieved. This iterative design process leads to optimal blank shape. In order to verify the proposed method, examples of square cup and cylindrical cup have been investigated. In every case converged results are achieved after a few iterations. So through the investigation the proposed systematic method of optimal blank design is found to be very effective in the deep drawing process and can be further applied to other stamping applications.

The present study aims to determine the optimum blank shape design for the deep drawing of arbitrary shaped cups with a uniform trimming allowance at the flange i.e. cups without ears. This earing defect is caused by planar anisotropy in the sheet and the friction between the blank and punch/die. In this research, a new method for optimum blank shape design using finite element analysis has been proposed. Explicit non-linear finite element (FE) code LSDYNA is used to simulate the deep drawing process. FE models are constructed incorporating the exact physical conditions of the process such as tooling design like die profile radius, punch corner radius, etc., material used, coefficient of friction, punch speed and blank holder force. The material used for the analysis is mild steel. A quantitative error metric called shape error is defined to measure the amount of earing and to compare the deformed shape and target shape set for each stage of the analysis. This error metric is then used to decide whether the blank needs to be modified or not. The cycle is repeated until the converged results are achieved. This iterative design process leads to optimal blank shape. In order to verify the proposed method, examples of square cup and cylindrical cup have been investigated. In every case converged results are achieved after a few iterations. So through the investigation the proposed systematic method of optimal blank design is found to be very effective in the deep drawing process and can be further applied to other stamping applications.

Thèse--Grenoble. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University (Canada), 1991. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 53-11, Section: B, page: 5618. Supervisor: Henry P. Schwarcz.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University (Canada), 1996. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 57-10, Section: B, page: 6038. Adviser: C. D. Rollo.

Zugl.: Paderborn, Univ., Diss. V. Figge, 2008

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1967. / Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Roger A. Myers. Dissertation Committee: Donald E. Super. Includes bibliographical references.

Thèse--Grenoble. / Includes bibliographical references.

Inaug.-Diss.--Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München. / Bibliography: p. 242-246.