Tierärztl. Hochsch., Diss., 2003--Hannover.

Tierärztl. Hochsch., Diss., 2004--Hannover.

Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Möglichkeiten zur Verwendung des Auges bzw. der Augenvorderkammer als spektroskopische Zelle für nicht-invasive In-vivo-Messungen zu untersuchen. Dabei stand vor allem die Geräte-technische Umsetzung und die Entwicklung geeigneter Auswertestrategien im Vordergrund. In dieser Arbeit konnte gezeigt werden, dass die spektroskopische Untersuchung von Kammerwasser-Substanzen möglich ist. Durch den Einsatz der UV/VIS-Spektroskopie konnte Fluorescein in vivo bestimmt werden. Die Anwendung der NIR-Spektroskopie eignet sich vor allem zur Bestimmung von Glucose im Kammerwasser. Die Güte der Glucose-Bestimmung ist von verschiedenen Faktoren abhängig, wie z. B. dem verwendeten Gerät, den Parameter der Auswertung und der Temperatur. Für weitergehende Studien sollten daher die in dieser Arbeit aufgedeckten Probleme und Strategien beachtet werden. / The aim of this work was to determine the possibilities of using the human eye or more precisely the anterior chamber as spectroscopic cell for non-invasive in vivo measurements. The focus lay on the technical realization and the development of a suitable analysis strategy. This work showed that spectroscopic investigations of substances in the aqueous humor are possible. Fluorescein was determined in vivo by use of UV/VIS spectroscopy. NIR spectroscopy is a suited technique for the non-invasive glucose determination in the anterior chamber. The quality of the glucose determination depends on several factors, e. g. the instrument, the analysis parameters and the temperature. Any further studies on this field should take these factors into account.

Background: The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can be reduced by dexamethasone. Single dose administration may cause elevated blood glucose levels in obese adults. No data are available for children. Objective: The aim was to evaluate perioperative blood glucose changes related to body weight in children who received dexamethasone. Methods: This prospective observational study included 62 children. All patients received total intravenous anesthesia and a single dose of dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg, maximum 8mg). Blood glucose levels were measured up to 6 hours. Standard deviation scores (SDS) were calculated using age- and gender-specific BMI percentiles, p<0.05. Results: 62 children (11.5±2.9years, median SDS 0.43, 29% overweight/obese) were included. Blood glucose level increased from 5.52±0.52 to 6.74±0.84mmol/l 6h after dexamethasone without correlation to the BMI-SDS. Conclusions: This study shows an increase of perioperative blood glucose (normoglycemic ranges) after single dose of dexamethasone but no BMI-dependent effect in children. Therefore, low-dose dexamethasone may be used in obese children for PONV prophylaxis.

Background: The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) can be reduced by dexamethasone. Single dose administration may cause elevated blood glucose levels in obese adults. No data are available for children. Objective: The aim was to evaluate perioperative blood glucose changes related to body weight in children who received dexamethasone. Methods: This prospective observational study included 62 children. All patients received total intravenous anesthesia and a single dose of dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg, maximum 8mg). Blood glucose levels were measured up to 6 hours. Standard deviation scores (SDS) were calculated using age- and gender-specific BMI percentiles, p<0.05. Results: 62 children (11.5±2.9years, median SDS 0.43, 29% overweight/obese) were included. Blood glucose level increased from 5.52±0.52 to 6.74±0.84mmol/l 6h after dexamethasone without correlation to the BMI-SDS. Conclusions: This study shows an increase of perioperative blood glucose (normoglycemic ranges) after single dose of dexamethasone but no BMI-dependent effect in children. Therefore, low-dose dexamethasone may be used in obese children for PONV prophylaxis.