Un radar Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) est celui où les émetteurs envoient des formes d'ondes différentes (orthogonales ou partiellement corrélées) qui peuvent être séparées à la réception. En outre, les émetteurs et récepteurs peuvent être colocalisés ou largement séparés. La première partie de la thèse porte sur la détection dans des environnements gaussiens et non gaussiens en utilisant un radar MIMO, qui contient plusieurs sous-réseaux largement séparés avec un ou plusieurs éléments chacun. Deux situations différentes sont considérées. Premièrement, nous considérons que les interférences sont gaussiennes, mais une corrélation entre les sous-réseaux peut survenir en raison d'un espacement insuffisant et de l'orthogonalité imparfaite des formes d'ondes. Deuxièmement, nous considérons que les interférences sont non gaussiennes, une situation qui se présente quand il y a du fouillis de sol ou de mer et lorsque la résolution est très élevée. La deuxième partie est dédiée à l'utilisation de techniques MIMO pour le Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP). La configuration MIMO cohérente est étudiée en changeant la distribution et l'espacement des éléments d'antenne pour améliorer les performances de détection et d'estimation. En outre, une étude préliminaire est également présentée sur l'utilisation de la diversité spatiale pour rendre le radar plus robuste aux fluctuations de la RCS et à la variation de la vitesse de la cible par rapport à l'angle d'incidence du signal émis et reçu. / A Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar can be broadly defined as a radar system employing multiple transmit waveforms and having the ability to jointly process signals received at multiple receive antennas. In terms of configurations, the antennas can be widely separated or co-located. The first part of the thesis is on detection under Gaussian and non-Gaussian environments using a MIMO radar which contains several widely separated subarrays with one or more elements each. Two different situations are considered. Firstly, we consider that the interference is Gaussian but correlation between subarrays can arise due to insufficient spacing and the imperfect orthogonality of waveforms. Secondly, we consider that the interference is non-Gaussian, a situation which arises under sea and ground clutter and when the resolution is very high. The second part is on the application of MIMO techniques to Space-Time Adaptive Processing (STAP). The coherent MIMO configuration is studied in terms of antenna element distribution and inter-element spacing to improve detection and estimation performance. A preliminary study is also done on the use of spatial diversity to improve detection stability w.r.t. target Radar Cross Section (RCS) fluctuations and velocity direction changes.

Abstract The focus of this thesis is on two functions: the exponential function and Euler’s factorial series. By constructing explicit Padé approximations, we are able to improve lower bounds for linear forms in the values of these functions. In particular, the dependence on the height of the coefficients of the linear form will be sharpened in the lower bound. The first chapter contains some necessary definitions and auxiliary results needed in later chapters.We give precise definitions for a transcendence measure and Padé approximations of the second type. Siegel’s lemma will be introduced as a fundamental tool in Diophantine approximation. A brief excursion to exterior algebras shows how they can be used to prove determinant expansion formulas. The reader will also be familiarised with valuations of number fields. In Chapter 2, a new transcendence measure for e is proved using type II Hermite-Padé approximations to the exponential function. An improvement to the previous transcendence measures is achieved by estimating the common factors of the coefficients of the auxiliary polynomials. The exponential function is the underlying topic of the third chapter as well. Now we study the common factors of the maximal minors of some large block matrices that appear when constructing Padé-type approximations to the exponential function. The factorisation of these minors is of interest both because of Bombieri and Vaaler’s improved version of Siegel’s lemma and because they are connected to finding explicit expressions for the approximation polynomials. In the beginning of Chapter 3, two general theorems concerning factors of Vandermonde-type block determinants are proved. In the final chapter, we concentrate on Euler’s factorial series which has a positive radius of convergence in p-adic fields. We establish some non-vanishing results for a linear form in the values of Euler’s series at algebraic integer points. A lower bound for this linear form is derived as well.

Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-06-01T20:47:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoAlvesCruzNeto.pdf: 1046066 bytes, checksum: 0650ecf7259dfb3ffcc88bf52c3e79ae (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T20:47:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoAlvesCruzNeto.pdf: 1046066 bytes, checksum: 0650ecf7259dfb3ffcc88bf52c3e79ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The dynamics of scalar particle spin-zero in a plane has drawn attention recently due to new phenomena such as quantum Hall effect and topological insulators for bosonic systems. We study the dynamics of a particle spin-zero scalar Klein-Gordon an oscillator coupled to a potential mixture of potential nature scalar and vector Cornell type in the (2 + 1) dimensions. Applying the method of separation of variables, the radial equation may be expressed as a Schr¨odinger equation with an effective candidate compound the three-dimensional harmonic oscillator potential Cornell another. Using an appropriate change of variable radial equation can be expressed in terms of the differential equation of second order called biconfluente of Heun. Following proper procedure, that is, correctly applying the boundary conditions, the radial equation solution can be expressed in terms of polynomials Heun. From the boundary conditions the quantization condition is also obtained and show that for this fundamental state problem is defined by the quantum number n = 0 under restrictions of the values of potential parameters. We also analyze the solutions to some particular cases already discussed in the literature. In this context, when we consider the scalar potential of the linear type and vector Coulomb type, the ground state is also defined by the number n = 0 as opposed to what was reported in the literature. We also observed that when we consider only the vector Coulomb interaction type, in this case the ground state is defined by quantum number n = 1, in agreement with other studies reported in the literature. / A dinâmica de partículas escalares de spin-zero num plano tem chamado a atenção recentemente devido a novos fenômenos como por exemplo o efeito Hall quântico e isolantes topológicos para sistemas bosônicos. Neste trabalho estudamos a dinâmica de uma partícula escalar de spin-zero num potencial oscilador de Klein-Gordon acoplado a uma mistura de potenciais de natureza escalar e vetorial do tipo Cornell em (2+1) dimensões. Aplicando o método de separação de variáveis, a equação radial pode ser expressa como uma equação de Schrördinger com um potencial efetivo composto do oscilador harmônico tridimensional mais um potencial Cornell. Usando uma apropriada mudança de variável a equação radial pode ser expressa em termos da equação diferencial de segunda ordem chamada biconfluente de Heun. Seguindo o procedimento adequado, é dizer, aplicando corretamente as condições de contorno, a solução da equação radial pode ser expressa em termos dos polinômios de Heun. A partir das condições de contorno a condição de quantização também é obtida e mostramos que para este problema o estado fundamental é definido pelo número quântico n=0 mediante restrições dos valores dos parâmetros do potencial. Também analisamos as soluções para alguns casos particulares já discutidos na literatura. Neste contexto, quando consideramos o potencial escalar do tipo linear e vetor do tipo Coulomb, o estado fundamental também é definido pelo número n=0 em oposição ao que foi divulgado na literatura. Observamos ainda que quando consideramos apenas a interação vetorial do tipo Coulomb, neste caso o estado fundamental é definido pelo número quântico n=1, em concordância com outros trabalhos divulgados na literatura.

En chimie quantique, le principe variationnel est largement utilisé pour calculer la limite supérieure de l'énergie exacte d'un système atomique ou moléculaire. Des méthodes pour calculer la valeur limite inférieure de l'énergie existent mais sont bien moins connues. Une méthode précise pour calculer une telle limite inférieure permettrait de fournir une barre d'erreur théorique pour toute méthode de chimie quantique. Nous avons appliqué des méthodes de type variance pour calculer différentes énergies limites inférieures de l'atome d'hydrogène en utilisant des fonctions de base gaussiennes. L'énergie limite supérieure se trouve être toujours plus précise que ces différentes limites inférieures, i.e. plus proche de l'énergie exacte. L'importance de points singuliers sur l'évaluation de valeurs moyennes d'opérateurs quantiques a également été soulignée.Nous avons étudié les réactions d'adsorption d'un atome de fluor et d'un ion fluorure sur de petits agrégats de lithium Li$_n$ (n=2-15), à l'aide de méthodes de chimie quantique précises. Pour le plus petit système, nous avons montré que la formation de complexes stables Li$_2$F et Li$_2$F$^-$ se produit par un transfert d'électrons sans barrière et à longue portée, de Li$_2$ vers F pour le système neutre et l'inverse pour le système anionique. De telles réactions pourraient être rapides à très basse température. De plus, les complexes formés présentent des caractéristiques uniques de "longue liaison". Pour les systèmes plus gros Li$_n$F/Li$_n$F$^-$ ($n\geqslant4$), nous avons montré que les énergies d'adsorption peuvent être aussi grandes que 6~eV selon le site d'adsorption et que plus d'un état électronique est impliqué dans le processus d'adsorption. Les complexes formés présentent des propriétés intéressantes de "super alcalins" et pourraient servir d'unités de base dans la synthèse de composés à transfert de charge avec des propriétés ajustables. / In quantum chemistry, the variational principle is widely used to calculate an upper bound to the true energy of an atomic or molecular system. Methods for calculating the lower bound value to the energy exist but are much less known. An accurate method to calculate such a lower bound would allow to provide a theoretical error bar for any quantum chemistry method. We have applied variance-like methods to calculate different lower bound energies of a hydrogen atom using Gaussian basis functions. The upper bound energy is found to be always more accurate than the lower bound energies, i.e. closer to the exact energy. The importance of singular points on mean value evaluation of quantum operators has also been brought to attention.The adsorption reactions of atomic fluorine (F) and fluoride (F$^-$) on small lithium clusters Li$_n$ (n=2-15) have been investigated using accurate quantum chemistry ab initio methods. For the smallest system, we have shown that the formation of the stable Li$_2$F and Li$_2$F$^-$ complexes proceeds via a barrierless long-range electron transfer, from the Li$_2$ to F for the neutral and conversely from F$^-$ to Li$_2$ for the anionic system. Such reactions could be fast at very low temperature. Furthermore, the formed complexes show unique long bond characteristics. For the bigger Li$_n$F/Li$_n$F$^-$ systems ($n\geqslant 4$), we have shown that the adsorption energies can be as large as 6~eV depending on the adsorption site and that more than one electronic state is implied in the adsorption process. The formed complexes show interesting "superalkali" properties and could serve as building blocks in the synthesis of charge-transfer compounds with tunable properties.

Dans ce mémoire de thèse, nous avons étudié le problème de régulation du trafic en considérant les nouvelles technologies dans le cadre des Systèmes de Transport Intelligent (STI). Une nouvelle stratégie de contrôle est introduite afin d’exploiter le potentiel des infrastructures de la circulation à un niveau maximum. Plus précisément, basée sur la technologie VII « Intégration Véhicule-Infrastructure », l'infrastructure routière aux carrefours (considérée aussi comme contrôleur) peut communiquer avec les véhicules autonomes qui arrivent à un carrefour de manière continue. Les données importantes sur les véhicules telles que la vitesse, la position et la destination sont alors reçues par des capteurs avancés et envoyées au contrôleur en temps réel. Par conséquent, il est possible d'élaborer une stratégie de contrôle du trafic en considérant chaque véhicule comme une entité indépendante. En d'autres termes, le droit de passage est attribué à chaque véhicule en fonction de son état et en fonction de l'état global du trafic au carrefour. Seuls les véhicules qui ont reçu le droit de passage peuvent traverser le carrefour. Le contrôle du trafic au niveau d’un carrefour vise donc à déterminer les séquences de passage des véhicules, c’est-à-dire les séquences de distribution des droits de passage.Cependant, la plus grande difficulté pour appliquer cette nouvelle stratégie est la contradiction entre l'optimisation des séquences de passages des véhicules et la complexité temporelle. Pour résoudre cette contradiction, nous avons d’abord formulé mathématiquement la problématique de régulation et nous avons ensuite étudié sa complexité. Nous avons prouvé dans un premier temps que le problème de régulation du trafic formulé à l’intersection isolée est NP-hard sous certaines conditions (nombre arbitraire de groupes de flux compatibles GFC,…) et ceci en se basant sur la réduction au problème de 3-Partition. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons appliqué les méthodes de résolutions exactes sur un carrefour isolé pour proposer des algorithmes exacts (Branch and Bound et Programmation dynamique) permettant de trouver une séquence de passage optimale. Plusieurs propriétés du problème ont été introduites et prouvées et ceci afin qu’elles soient exploitées par ces algorithmes. Ces propriétés ont pour objectif de réduire considérablement l’espace de recherche et par conséquent le temps d’exécution de ces algorithmes exacts.Par ailleurs, nous n’avons pas limité nos recherches sur des carrefours isolées mais nous avons appliqué l’approche de contrôle proposée sur un réseau de carrefours tout en considérant un seul contrôleur. Cependant, un algorithme exact appliqué sur plusieurs carrefours ne peut pas être assez rapide surtout lorsqu’on a besoin de communiquer presque instantanément des informations aux véhicules (en temps réel). Nous avons proposé donc des méthodes de résolutions approchées afin de trouver en un temps raisonnable une séquence de passage satisfaisante pour chaque carrefour. Ces algorithmes (Algorithmes génétiques) ont en effet, besoin de moins de temps de calcul tout en assurant une bonne qualité de solution.Enfin, nous illustrons la mise en œuvre des déférentes approches proposées à travers des résultats de simulation afin d’évaluer leurs performances. / In this thesis, we studied the problem of traffic control by considering the new technologies as part of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). A new control strategy is introduced to exploit the potential of infrastructure traffic at a maximum level. Specifically, based Technology VII "Vehicle-Infrastructure Integration", the road infrastructure at intersections (considered also as a controller) can communicate with autonomous vehicles that arrive at a crossroads on a continuous basis. Important data such as vehicle speed, position and destination are then received by advanced sensors and sent to the controller in real time. Therefore, it is possible to develop a strategy for traffic control by treating each vehicle as an independent entity. In other words, the right of way is assigned to each vehicle based on its status and function of the overall state of traffic at the intersection. Only vehicles that have received the right of way may cross the junction. Traffic control at an intersection is therefore to determine the sequence of passage of vehicles, that is to say the sequences distribution rights passage.Cependant, the greatest difficulty to implement this new strategy is the contradiction between the optimization of sequences of passes of vehicles and time complexity. To resolve this contradiction, we first mathematically formulated the problem of regulation and we then studied its complexity. We proved initially that the problem of traffic control at the intersection isolated formulated is NP-hard under certain conditions (arbitrary number of groups CFA compliant streams, ...) and this is based on reducing the problem of 3-Partition. In a second step, we applied the methods of accurate resolutions on an isolated intersection to propose exact algorithms (Branch and Bound and Dynamic Programming) for finding an optimal sequence of passage. Several properties of the problem have been introduced and this proved and so they are exploited by these algorithms. These properties are intended to significantly reduce the search space and consequently the execution time of these algorithms exacts.Par Moreover, we have not limited our research on isolated intersections but we applied the approach control proposed a network of nodes while considering a single controller. However, an exact algorithm applied to several intersections can not be fast enough especially when you need to communicate information almost instantaneously to vehicles (real time). So we proposed methods to find approximate resolutions in a reasonable time a sequence of way satisfactory to each intersection. These algorithms (Genetic Algorithms) have indeed require less computation time while maintaining a good quality of solution.Enfin, we illustrate the implementation of deferential proposed approaches through simulation results to evaluate their performance .

Soliton states in three coupled optical waveguide systems were studied: two linearly coupled waveguides with quadratic nonlinearity, two linearly coupled waveguides with cubic nonlinearity and Bragg gratings, and a quadratic nonlinear waveguide with resonant gratings, which enable three-wave interaction. The methods adopted to tackle the problems were both analytical and numerical. The analytical method mainly made use of the variational approximation. Since no exact analytical method is available to find solutions for the waveguide systems under study, the variational approach was proved to be very useful to find accurate approximations. Numerically, the shooting method and the relaxation method were used. The numerical results verified the results obtained analytically. New asymmetric soliton states were discovered for the coupled quadratically nonlinear waveguides, and for the coupled waveguides with both cubic nonlinearity and Bragg gratings. Stability of the soliton states was studied numerically, using the Beam Propagation Method. Asymmetric couplers with quadratic nonlinearity were also studied. The bifurcation diagrams for the asymmetric couplers were those unfolded from the corresponding diagrams of the symmetric couplers. Novel stable two-soliton bound states due to three-wave interaction were discovered for a quadratically nonlinear waveguide equipped with resonant gratings. Since the coupled optical waveguide systems are controlled by a larger number of parameters than in the corresponding single waveguide, the coupled systems can find a much broader field of applications. This study provides useful background information to support these applications.

The Chinese inbound tourism market to Australia has been acknowledged as an emerging market and a major export earner. However, Australian inbound tour operators experience difficulties in establishing and developing viable partner relationships with Chinese travel agents. Recognising the size, importance and complexity of this market, the major purpose of this research is to explore and investigate the crucial process of developing Sino-Australian partnership relationships in the tourism industry, and to educate Australian tourism operatives about this process to facilitate the establishment of business relationships with Chinese travel agents. Hence, the principal research question posed in this thesis is: How might Australian tourism product suppliers and marketers establish and maintain partnership relationships with Chinese travel agents to help Australia become a preferred tourist destination for Chinese tourists? This study is exploratory in nature and draws on applied marketing, management and cross-cultural theories on networking to explore the process of developing partnership relationships in the Chinese inbound tourism market to Australia. The literature on networking, and the development of networking relationships, has been theorised drawing principally on the marketing and management literature. The impact of cross-cultural differences and the effect of guanxi (connection), a key feature of Chinese business networking, on partnership relations between Chinese travel agents and Australian inbound tour operators, is also reviewed and discussed. One of the main contributions of this research is its multidisciplinary nature, drawing on relationship marketing and network theories and applying them to tourism research. Little research has been undertaken into tourism-based partnership relations in the cross-national context. Given the limited research conducted on this topic and its cross-cultural nature, a qualitative research method was adopted for this study. Specifically, this study utilised in-depth interviewing techniques to explore the relationships between Australian inbound tour operators and Chinese travel agents. This study identifies that the process of developing partnership relationships between Chinese travel agents and Australian inbound tour operators is, as expected, highly culturally embedded but in unexpected ways. Although all the Australian inbound tour operators in the study are of Chinese descent, they have adapted to Australian culture and business ethics, giving rise to communication problems that affect partnership relationships. A new stage model of the development of partnership relationships between Australian inbound tour operators and Chinese travel agents is therefore developed by incorporating cross-cultural factors into Western theories on networking and relationship marketing. In particular, the thesis identifies important factors in each stage of the process of developing business relationships. For example, resilient trust and mutual commitment, the pricing issue, word-of-mouth, and quality of services are all considered crucial in attaining long-term stable partnership relationships. Disproving popular myths about guanxi in some of the previous literature, the findings from this research demonstrate that, in China's economic transition period, guanxi plays a significant, but not decisive role in the process of developing partnership relationships between Chinese travel agents and Australian inbound tour operators. However, guanxi relationships can provide added value to the partnership relationships of Australian operators.

<p>The main topic of this thesis is integer quadratic programming with applications to problems arising in the areas of automatic control and communication. One of the most widespread modern control principles is the discrete-time method Model Predictive Control (MPC). The main advantage with MPC, compared to most other control principles, is that constraints on control signals and states can easily be handled. In each time step, MPC requires the solution of a Quadratic Programming (QP) problem. To be able to use MPC for large systems, and at high sampling rates, optimization routines tailored for MPC are used. In recent years, the range of application of MPC has been extended from constrained linear systems to so-called hybrid systems. Hybrid systems are systems where continuous dynamics interact with logic. When this extension is made, binary variables are introduced in the problem. As a consequence, the QP problem has to be replaced by a far more challenging Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP) problem. Generally, for this type of optimization problems, the computational complexity is exponential in the number of binary optimization variables. In modern communication systems, multiple users share a so-called multi-access channel, where the information sent by different users is separated by using almost orthogonal codes. Since the codes are not completely orthogonal, the decoded information at the receiver is slightly correlated between different users. Further, noise is added during the transmission. To estimate the information originally sent, a maximum likelihood problem involving binary variables is solved. The process of simultaneously estimating the information sent by multiple users is called multiuser detection. In this thesis, the problem to efficiently solve MIQP problems originating from MPC is addressed. Two different algorithms are presented. First, a polynomial complexity preprocessing algorithm for binary quadratic programming problems is presented. By using the algorithm, some, or all, binary variables can be computed efficiently already in the preprocessing phase. In simulations, the algorithm is applied to unconstrained MPC problems with a mixture of real and binary control signals. It has also been applied to the multiuser detection problem, where simulations have shown that the bit error rate can be significantly reduced by using the proposed algorithm as compared to using common suboptimal algorithms. Second, an MIQP algorithm tailored for MPC is presented. The algorithm uses a branch and bound method where the relaxed node problems are solved by a dual active set QP algorithm. In this QP algorithm, the KKT-systems are solved using Riccati recursions in order to decrease the computational complexity. Simulation results show that both the QP solver and the MIQP solver proposed have lower computational complexity than corresponding generic solvers.</p> / Report code: LiU-TEK-LIC-2005:71.

<p>This thesis surveys the issue of finding rational points on algebraic curves over finite fields. Since Goppa's construction of algebraic geometric codes, there has been great interest in finding curves with many rational points. Here we explain the main tools for finding rational points on a curve over a nite eld and provide the necessary background on ring and field theory. Four different articles are analyzed, the first of these articles gives a complete set of table showing the numbers of rational points for curves with genus up to 50. The other articles provide interesting constructions of covering curves: covers by the Hemitian curve, Kummer extensions and Artin-Schreier extensions. With these articles the great difficulty of finding explicit equations for curves with many rational points is overcome. With the method given by Arnaldo García in [6] we have been able to nd examples that can be used to define the lower bounds for the corresponding entries in the tables given in http: //wins.uva.nl/~geer, which to the time of writing this Thesis appear as "no information available". In fact, as the curves found are maximal, these entries no longer need a bound, they can be given by a unique entry, since the exact value of N_q(g) is now known.</p><p>At the end of the thesis an outline of the construction of Goppa codes is given and the NXL and XNL codes are presented.</p><p> </p>

Flood design necessitates discharge estimates for large recurrence intervals. However, in a flood frequency analysis, the uncertainty of discharge estimates increases with higher recurrence intervals, particularly due to the small number of available flood data. Furthermore, traditional distribution functions increase unlimitedly without consideration of an upper bound discharge. Hence, additional information needs to be considered which is representative for high recurrence intervals. Envelope curves which bound the maximum observed discharges of a region are an adequate regionalisation method to provide additional spatial information for the upper tail of a distribution function. Probabilistic regional envelope curves (PRECs) are an extension of the traditional empirical envelope curve approach, in which a recurrence interval is estimated for a regional envelope curve (REC). The REC is constructed for a homogeneous pooling group of sites. The estimation of this recurrence interval is based on the effective sample years of data considering the intersite dependence among all sites of the pooling group. The core idea of this thesis was an improvement of discharge estimates for high recurrence intervals by integrating empirical and probabilistic regional envelope curves into the flood frequency analysis. Therefore, the method of probabilistic regional envelope curves was investigated in detail. Several pooling groups were derived by modifying candidate sets of catchment descriptors and settings of two different pooling methods. These were used to construct PRECs. A sensitivity analysis shows the variability of discharges and the recurrence intervals for a given site due to the different assumptions. The unit flood of record which governs the intercept of PREC was determined as the most influential aspect. By separating the catchments into nested and unnested pairs, the calculation algorithm for the effective sample years of data was refined. In this way, the estimation of the recurrence intervals was improved, and therefore the use of different parameter sets for nested and unnested pairs of catchments is recommended. In the second part of this thesis, PRECs were introduced into a distribution function. Whereas in the traditional approach only discharge values are used, PRECs provide a discharge and its corresponding recurrence interval. Hence, a novel approach was developed, which allows a combination of the PREC results with the traditional systematic flood series while taking the PREC recurrence interval into consideration. An adequate mixed bounded distribution function was presented, which in addition to the PREC results also uses an upper bound discharge derived by an empirical envelope curve. By doing so, two types of additional information which are representative for the upper tail of a distribution function were included in the flood frequency analysis. The integration of both types of additional information leads to an improved discharge estimation for recurrence intervals between 100 and 1000 years. / Abschätzungen von Abflüssen mit hohen Wiederkehrintervallen werden vor allem für die Bemessung von Extremhochwässern benötigt. In der Hochwasserstatistik bestehen insbesondere für hohe Wiederkehrintervalle große Unsicherheiten, da nur eine geringe Anzahl an Messwerten für Hochwasserereignisse verfügbar ist. Zudem werden zumeist Verteilungsfunktionen verwendet, die keine obere Grenze beinhalten. Daher müssen zusätzliche Informationen zu den lokalen Pegelmessungen berücksichtigt werden, die den Extrembereich einer Verteilungsfunktion abdecken. Hüllkurven ermitteln eine obere Grenze von Hochwasserabflüssen basierend auf beobachteten maximalen Abflusswerten. Daher sind sie eine geeignete Regionalisierungsmethode. Probabilistische regionale Hüllkurven sind eine Fortentwicklung des herkömmlichen Ansatzes der empirischen Hüllkurven. Hierbei wird einer Hüllkurve einer homogenen Region von Abflusspegeln ein Wiederkehrintervall zugeordnet. Die Berechnung dieses Wiederkehrintervalls basiert auf der effektiven Stichprobengröße und berücksichtigt die Korrelationsbeziehungen zwischen den Pegeln einer Region. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine Verbesserung der Abschätzung von Abflüssen mit großen Wiederkehrintervallen durch die Integration von empirischen und probabilistischen Hüllkurven in die Hochwasserstatistik. Hierzu wurden probabilistische Hüllkurven detailliert untersucht und für eine Vielzahl an homogenen Regionen konstruiert. Hierbei wurden verschiedene Kombinationen von Einzugsgebietsparametern und Variationen von zwei Gruppierungsmethoden verwendet. Eine Sensitivitätsanalyse zeigt die Variabilität von Abfluss und Wiederkehrintervall zwischen den Realisationen als Folge der unterschiedlichen Annahmen. Die einflussreichste Größe ist der maximale Abfluss, der die Höhe der Hüllkurve bestimmt. Eine Einteilung in genestete und ungenestete Einzugsgebiete führt zu einer genaueren Ermittlung der effektiven Stichprobe und damit zu einer verbesserten Abschätzung des Wiederkehrintervalls. Daher wird die Verwendung von zwei getrennten Parametersätzen für die Korrelationsfunktion zur Abschätzung des Wiederkehrintervalls empfohlen. In einem zweiten Schritt wurden die probabilistischen Hüllkurven in die Hochwasserstatistik integriert. Da in traditionellen Ansätzen nur Abflusswerte genutzt werden, wird eine neue Methode präsentiert, die zusätzlich zu den gemessenen Abflusswerten die Ergebnisse der probabilistischen Hüllkurve – Abfluss und zugehöriges Wiederkehrintervall - berücksichtigt. Die Wahl fiel auf eine gemischte begrenzte Verteilungsfunktion, die neben den probabilistischen Hüllkurven auch eine absolute obere Grenze, die mit einer empirischen Hüllkurve ermittelt wurde, beinhaltet. Damit werden zwei Arten von zusätzlichen Informationen verwendet, die den oberen Bereich einer Verteilungsfunktion beschreiben. Die Integration von beiden führt zu einer verbesserten Abschätzung von Abflüssen mit Wiederkehrintervallen zwischen 100 und 1000 Jahren.