This report describes my work with developing a game for a gaming platform that enables hybrids between board games and computer games. My ambition has been to develop a game that takes advantage of the novel possibilities that this platform permits. Among those are to operate with a combination of the computer game traits of complexity in the games and ease of playing; as well as the board game / card game traits of combining social dynamics around a game session with ability to keep information hidden from other players. This is accomplished by a combination of mobile phones and a computer connected to the Internet. The screen of the computer will serve as board and the phones will display cards and other private information to the players, as well as functioning as the players' means for interaction with the game. The game developed, Wind Bugs, takes advantage of the complexity of game states that a computer easily can handle. Effort has been put into finding mechanics with a level of complexity while still implementing them in way that makes them both playable and enjoyable. Rather than focusing on immersion, which has become common in the design of computer games, hopes are that games for this platform, including the game developed in this project, will give room to social dynamics among the players. Though operating with the use of mobile phones, the platform will not support "mobile gaming"; the proposed setting is a group of players surrounding a big screen.

In the first part of the doctoral thesis, the capillary electrophoresis was used to test the potential chiral separation properties of monosubstituted cyclodextrin derivatives, namely PEMEDA- and PEMPDA-β-cyclodextrins for the group of selected analytes. Both selectors exhibited excellent enantioseparation properties for N-boc-D,L-tryptophan, where the enantiomers were completely separated even at 0.5 mmol·l-1 concentration of the cyclodextrin derivative in the background electrolyte. However, the differences between the enantiodiscrimination properties of individual derivatives were minimal. The second test group consisted of two cyclodextrin derivatives, namely 2-O- and 3-O- cinnamyl-α-cyclodextrins. These derivatives are able to form supramolecular polymers in aqueous solutions that disintegrate at elevated temperature. The formation of these polymers was tested by NMR and DLS experiments. None of the tested cyclodextrin derivatives showed enantiodiscrimination properties towards a group of selected analytes. In the frame of antipredatory study, HPLC-MS/MS method working in HILIC mode was used for separation of ten pterin derivatives and riboflavin, which can be present as pigments in insects, reptiles or amphibians as a part of their warning coloration. The developed methodology was applied for...

Today engineering companies expend a large amount of resources on the detection and correction of the bugs (defects) in their software. These bugs are usually due to errors and mistakes made by programmers while writing the code or writing the specifications. No tool is able to detect all of these bugs. Some of these bugs remain undetected despite testing of the code. For these reasons, many researchers have tried to find indicators in the software’s source codes that can be used to predict the presence of bugs. Every bug in the source code is a potentially failure of the program to perform as expected. Therefore, programs are tested with many different cases in an attempt to cover all the possible paths through the program to detect all of these bugs. Early prediction of bugs informs the programmers about the location of the bugs in the code. Thus, programmers can more carefully test the more error prone files, and thus save a lot of time by not testing error free files. This thesis project created a tool that is able to predict error prone source code written in C++. In order to achieve this, we have utilized one predictor which has been extremely well studied: software metrics. Many studies have demonstrated that there is a relationship between software metrics and the presence of bugs. In this project a Neuro-Fuzzy hybrid model based on Fuzzy c-means and Radial Basis Neural Network has been used. The efficiency of the model has been tested in a software project at Ericsson. Testing of this model proved that the program does not achieve high accuracy due to the lack of independent samples in the data set. However, experiments did show that classification models provide better predictions than regression models. The thesis concluded by suggesting future work that could improve the performance of this program. / Idag spenderar ingenjörsföretag en stor mängd resurser på att upptäcka och korrigera buggar (fel) i sin mjukvara. Det är oftast programmerare som inför dessa buggar på grund av fel och misstag som uppkommer när de skriver koden eller specifikationerna. Inget verktyg kan detektera alla dessa buggar. Några av buggarna förblir oupptäckta trots testning av koden. Av dessa skäl har många forskare försökt hitta indikatorer i programvarans källkod som kan användas för att förutsäga förekomsten av buggar. Varje fel i källkoden är ett potentiellt misslyckande som gör att applikationen inte fungerar som förväntat. För att hitta buggarna testas koden med många olika testfall för att försöka täcka alla möjliga kombinationer och fall. Förutsägelse av buggar informerar programmerarna om var i koden buggarna finns. Således kan programmerarna mer noggrant testa felbenägna filer och därmed spara mycket tid genom att inte behöva testa felfria filer. Detta examensarbete har skapat ett verktyg som kan förutsäga felbenägen källkod skriven i C ++. För att uppnå detta har vi utnyttjat en välkänd metod som heter Software Metrics. Många studier har visat att det finns ett samband mellan Software Metrics och förekomsten av buggar. I detta projekt har en Neuro-Fuzzy hybridmodell baserad på Fuzzy c-means och Radial Basis Neural Network använts. Effektiviteten av modellen har testats i ett mjukvaruprojekt på Ericsson. Testning av denna modell visade att programmet inte Uppnå hög noggrannhet på grund av bristen av oberoende urval i datauppsättningen. Men gjordt experiment visade att klassificering modeller ger bättre förutsägelser än regressionsmodeller. Exjobbet avslutade genom att föreslå framtida arbetet som skulle kunna förbättra detta program. / Actualmente las empresas de ingeniería derivan una gran cantidad de recursos a la detección y corrección de errores en sus códigos software. Estos errores se deben generalmente a los errores cometidos por los desarrolladores cuando escriben el código o sus especificaciones.  No hay ninguna herramienta capaz de detectar todos estos errores y algunos de ellos pasan desapercibidos tras el proceso de pruebas. Por esta razón, numerosas investigaciones han intentado encontrar indicadores en los códigos fuente del software que puedan ser utilizados para detectar la presencia de errores. Cada error en un código fuente es un error potencial en el funcionamiento del programa, por ello los programas son sometidos a exhaustivas pruebas que cubren (o intentan cubrir) todos los posibles caminos del programa para detectar todos sus errores. La temprana localización de errores informa a los programadores dedicados a la realización de estas pruebas sobre la ubicación de estos errores en el código. Así, los programadores pueden probar con más cuidado los archivos más propensos a tener errores dejando a un lado los archivos libres de error. En este proyecto se ha creado una herramienta capaz de predecir código software propenso a errores escrito en C++. Para ello, en este proyecto se ha utilizado un indicador que ha sido cuidadosamente estudiado y ha demostrado su relación con la presencia de errores: las métricas del software. En este proyecto un modelo híbrido neuro-disfuso basado en Fuzzy c-means y en redes neuronales de función de base radial ha sido utilizado. La eficacia de este modelo ha sido probada en un proyecto software de Ericsson. Como resultado se ha comprobado que el modelo no alcanza una alta precisión debido a la falta de muestras independientes en el conjunto de datos y los experimentos han mostrado que los modelos de clasificación proporcionan mejores predicciones que los modelos de regresión. El proyecto concluye sugiriendo trabajo que mejoraría el funcionamiento del programa en el futuro.

В данной работе исследуется ряд недостаточно изученных ранее аспектов биологии семейства Peloridiidae: поведение, внутривидовая коммуникация, трофические связи с растениями и тонкие детали морфологии. Полученная информация используется для создания новой филогенетической гипотезы о родственных связях Peloridiidae и для критической оценки существующих гипотез. Кормовые растения семейства систематически изучены в Австралии, Новой Зеландии и Чили. Peloridiidae в целом, как выяснилось, не привязаны к отдельным таксонам мохообразных, хотя они регулярно встречались на представителях Dicranaceae, Hypopterygiaceae, Polytrichaceae и Sphagnaceae. Однако, трофическая специфичность отдельных родов и видов может сильно различаться. Впервые изучены вибрационные сигналы четырех видов пелоридиид. Черты сигналов различались внутри семейства: сигналы южноамериканских и австралийских видов были похожи, в то время как новозеландские виды от них отличались. Впервые представлена подробная информация о морфологии антенн, кончика хоботка, лапок, скульптуры тегменов, брюшка и покровных желез для 21 вида пелоридиид и некоторых внешних групп. Эти находки были организованы в матрицу из 93 признаков и проанализированы филогенетически с помощью методов минимизации изменений. В результате монофилетические Peloridiidae оказались сестринской группой монофилетических Auchenorrhyncha, с неплохим статистическим подтверждением. Эта группировка обсуждается в свете других работ и данных литературы. Внутренняя структура семейства в настоящей работе оказалась довольно похожей на данные литературы, за важным исключением рода Peloridium, который оказался на самом нижнем ответвлении филогенетического древа. Когда к анализу были привлечены три дополнительных признака (биоакустические и поведенческие), позиция Peloridium изменилась. Этот результат иллюстрирует потенциал интегративных методов, хотя и требует осторожного к себе отношения из-за сложностей гомологизации поведенческих признаков. / Einige wenig bekannte Aspekte der Biologie der Peloridiidae (Verhalten, intraspezifische Kommunikation, Wirtspflanzenassoziationen, Feinmorphologie usw.) wurden untersucht. Die gewonnenen Informationen wurden benutzt, um eine phylogenetische Hypothese zu Verhältnissen der Peloridiidae untereinander und zu anderen Hemiptera aufzustellen. Wirtspflanzen der Peloridiidae wurden in Australien, Chile und Neuseeland systematisch besammelt. Peloridiidae als Familie scheinen keine Präferenz für ein Taxon der Bryophyta zu haben, auch wenn sie eine Affinität zu einigen Gruppen der Moose zeigen. Unterschiedliche Arten und Gattungen der Peloridiidae können sich aber in ihrer Selektivität unterscheiden. Vibrationssignale von vier Arten der Peloridiidae wurden zum ersten Mal untersucht. Einige Eigenschaften dieser Signale variierten zwischen den Arten: australische und südamerikanische Vertreter waren einander ähnlich, die neuseeländischen unterschieden sich aber von ihnen beiden. Detaillierte Informationen zu feinen morphologischen Merkmalen der Antennen, Labiumspitze, Tarsen, Integumentaldrüsen usw. in 21 Arten der Peloridiidae und einigen Außengruppen wurden zum ersten Mal präsentiert. Die erarbeiteten Merkmale wurden zur Herstellung einer phylogenetischen Hypothese herangezogen. Die Peloridiidae erwiesen sich da als ein Monophylum, dessen Schwestergruppe die Auchenorrhyncha waren. Dieses Verhältnis wird anhand von Daten aus Literatur und anderen Untersuchungen diskutiert und etwas in Frage gestellt. Die intrafamiliären Verhältnisse der Peloridiidae sind nach der erarbeiteten phylogenetischen Hypothese denen aus Literatur bekannten ähnlich; der wichtige Unterschied ist die basale Position der Gattung Peloridium. In einer Analyse mit zusätzlichen drei verhaltensökologischen Merkmalen ändert Peloridium aber seine Position, was das Potential der integrativen Ansätze illustriert, aber vorsichtig interpretiert werden muss, da solche Merkmale schwer zu homologisieren sind. / Some insufficiently studied aspects of Peloridiidae biology such as behavior, intraspecific communication, host plant preferences and fine morphology were investigated. The newly acquired information was used for production of a phylogenetic hypothesis on Peloridiidae relationships and critical evaluation of the existing ones. Host plants of Peloridiidae were studied systematically in Australia, Chile and New Zealand. Peloridiidae as a whole were found not to be bound to particular bryophyte taxa, although they regularly occurred in species of Dicranaceae, Hypopterygiaceae, Polytrichaceae and Sphagnaceae. Still, different species and genera could vary in their host plant specificity. Vibrational signals of four Peloridiidae species were studied for the first time. Features of these signals varied between species, the Australian and South American ones being similar to each other and the New Zealand species different from both of them. Detailed information on fine morphology of antennae, genae, labium tip, tegminal sculpture, tarsi, abdominal sculpture and integumental glands in 21 Peloridiidae species and some sister groups was presented for the first time. The findings were formalized as a matrix of 93 characters and analyzed phylogenetically with methods of maximum parsimony. A monophyletic Peloridiidae resulted, with significant support of the sister-group relationship to Auchenorrhyncha. This relationship was discussed on the background of other studies and literature data. The intrafamiliar structure of Peloridiidae in the present study was quite similar to previously published works, with the major exception of the genus Peloridium branching off most basally in the phylogenetic tree. Three additional bioacoustic and behavioral characters, when integrated into the matrix, change the position of Peloridium and demonstrate the potential of integrative approaches, although this result must be treated with care due to complicated homologization of behavioral traits.