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A Crusade against the “Cowboy”?: Austrian Anti-Americanism during the Presidency of George W. Bush, 2001-2009Keene, Brandon J 18 December 2015 (has links)
This essay examines anti-Americanism in Austria throughout George W. Bush’s presidency, and Austrians’ response to Bush’s neoconservative team of advisers and his military actions in Iraq following the September 11, 2001 attacks in New York and Washington. For the first time in a century, a disposition of general hostility towards the United States came from both the Austrian Left and Right during the Bush years. Austrians’ latent notions of negativity towards the United States grew inflamed over Bush’s alienation of Western Europe and his determination to go to war against the Saddam regime in Iraq. Austrian anti-Americanism began to subside as Bush’s power declined during his second term. Austrians’ opinion of the United States sharply turned positive with the election of Barack Obama in 2008.
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The phytochemistry and biological activities of Athrixia PhylicoidesPadayachee, Kumeshnie 27 October 2011 (has links)
Herbal medicines are an important part of the African culture and tradition and about 80% of
Africa’s population relies on traditional remedies for their primary health care needs (WHO,
2008). Athrixia phylicoides is widely used as a traditional remedy, but despite its substantial
use, literature on its chemical composition and biological activities is limited. In this study,
the chemical composition of the essential oil was determined using gas chromatography
combined with mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) and analysis resulted in the identification of 182
compounds. The major compounds identified in selected samples were α-pinene, β-pinene,
caryophyllene oxide, β-caryophyllene, myrcene and spathulenol. Based on the traditional uses
of A. phylicoides, various in vitro biological activities were investigated. The extensive use of
A. phylicoides for the treatment of boils, sores, bad acne, infected wounds and cuts, prompted
the antimicrobial (bacterial and fungal) study using the minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) assay. The methanol extract and essential oil were more selective for the Grampositive
bacteria than the Gram-negative bacteria. The extract exhibited stronger activity
against all micro-organisms tested compared to the essential oil, with the highest activity
against S. aureus, B. cereus and B. subtilis (MIC = 1 mg/ml). The bioactive compound,
(4-hydroxyphenyl) propyl coumaroate was isolated from the extract and proved to be most
active against S. aureus (MIC = 19.5 μg/ml). Using the DPPH• assay, a comparative antioxidant
study was performed. The anti-oxidant activity of the aqueous extract of A.
phylicoides (IC50 = 14.01 ± 2.68 μg/ml) was greater than rooibos and Ceylon (black) tea (IC50
> 25.00 μg/ml); comparable to green rooibos and honeybush tea (IC50 = 18.01 ± 4.06 μg/ml;
18.02 ± 4.27 μg/ml, respectively), but less active than green tea (IC50 = 9.64 ± 0.96 μg/ml).
The antimalarial activity was determined using the [3H] hypoxanthine incorporation method.
The essential oil exhibited greater antimalarial activity against the chloroquine-resistant
Plasmodium falciparum (FCR-3) strain (IC50 = 1.006 ± 0.06 μg/ml) than the methanol extract.
The 5-lipoxygenase assay was used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol
extract and essential oil. Only the essential oil displayed anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 =
25.68 μg/ml). Low safety indices were reported for both the methanol extract (SI = 2.28) and
essential oil (SI = 1.77). The in vitro biological activities may validate the use of A.
phylicoides in traditional medicine.
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Order and Leadership: Case Study Analyses and Typology Development Related to US Civil-Military Relations During the War on TerrorNoyes, Craig Andrew January 2013 (has links)
Thesis advisor: Timothy Crawford / This thesis focuses on United States civil-military relations during the first decade of the twenty-first century. It examines interactions between principal-level civilian and top-tier military leadership during three strategic decision-making moments. Each case involves examples of subjective civilian control. The author's goal is to investigate and then categorize the processes that were used, assessing how variables influenced the nature of subjective control. Qualitative process tracing is the primary methodology. The author focuses on available sources from myriad avenues including but not limited to journalism, memoirs, primary documents, and social science literature. Case study analysis identifies numerous variables. Presidential leadership and process organization were found to be the most influential, spanning from engaged to "delegatory" and orderly to ad-hoc, respectively. Correlations are identified between the variables. Then, theories from established literature are reviewed and applied when possible. Research finds that subjective civil-military relations became increasingly moderate and theoretically "pure" over each case, chronologically. The author uses his analysis to create new typologies of subjective civil-military control, focusing on the relationships between presidential leadership and process organization. The resulting typologies are intended to assist political scientists' identification and categorization of varying civil-military relationships on the subjective end of Huntington's spectrum. / Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2013. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Political Science.
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System Breakdown: The Dispute Elections of 1876 and 2000Pflanz, Kristina January 2005 (has links)
Thesis advisor: Marc Landy / The election of 2000 was the most tumultuous election of the present day - an election that involved numerous lawsuits and was ultimately decided by the votes of Supreme Court Justices. What many Americans do not know or remember is that there was another election in 1876 with largely similar circumstances - disputed electoral votes (in Florida again) and a winner (Rutherford B. Hayes) produced by a Supreme Court Justice. This essay aims to examine these two elections in detail in order to demonstrate the flaws of the U.S. Constitutional system and the different manners in which they were resolved. The second part of the essay aims to determine whether the purported illegitimacy of the two winners (Hayes and Bush) affected their respective presidencies. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2005. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Political Science. / Discipline: College Honors Program.
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Les enjeux géostratégiques des programmes publics de Washington à destination de l'Amérique Latine, de George Bush père à George Bush fils (1988-2008) / The geostrategic's issues of the United States' public programs to Latin America, from G.H. Bush to George W. Bush (1988-2008)El Yattioui, Mohamed Badine 15 December 2015 (has links)
Les relations entre les Etats-Unis et l’Amérique latine entre 1988 et 2008 ont connu de nombreux bouleversements et chambardements. Les nombreuses raisons qui en sont les causes ont été abordées dans cette thèse. Après avoir étudié les enjeux théoriques de leurs relations nous nous sommes demandés si la politique étrangère était une politique publique comme les autres. Suite à une comparaison générale nous avons étudié les spécificités de l’aide publique au développement et le cas d’une théorie promue par George Bush Jr qui est la « diplomatie transformationnelle ». Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié les bouleversements diplomatiques apparus dans un certain nombre de pays de cette région du fait de l’arrivée de gouvernements de gauche. Les pages consacrées aux trois programmes élaborés par Washington dans les années 2000 (MCA, les deux plans Colombie et le Plan Merida) montrent leur originalité mais aussi leur application et leurs résultats mitigés tant du point de vue de l’efficacité, de l’efficience que de la consolidation des relations diplomatiques avec les pays de cette région. Enfin, nous avons décrit et analysé l’importance des enjeux énergétiques avec l’Amérique latine pour les Etats-Unis puis développé les raisons qui les poussent à vouloir constituer la ZLEA. Cela démontre l’imbrication des questions économiques, diplomatiques et sécuritaires pour les décideurs américains. / The relations between the United States and Latin America between 1988 and 2008 had known a lot of upheavals. The different reasons which were at the origin of that were approached in this dissertation. After having studied the theorical stakes concerning their relations we asked ourself if foreign policy was a classic public policy. Then, we studied development aid’s specificities and a theory promoted by George W. Bush which is the « transformational diplomacy ». In a second part, we studied diplomatical upheavals appeared in some countries of the region, consequence of the election of left wing governments. Pages dedicated to the three programs worked out by Washington during the 2000’s (MCA, both Colombian plans and Merida Initiative) showed the originality but also their application and their reserved results so much from the point of view of the efficiency and the consolidation of the diplomatical relations with the countries of this region. At last, we described and analyzed the importance the energy challenges with Latin America for the United States and developed reasons which urge them to want to constitute the FTAA. This show The interweaving of the economic, diplomatic and security questions for the American decision-makers.
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Avaliação dos perfis de metabólitos de glicocorticóides fecais em cachorros-vinagre (Speothos venaticus) mantidos em cativeiro e suas possíveis implicações na função reprodutiva / Evaluation of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite profiles in captive bush dog (Speothos venaticus) and its possible role in the reproductive functionHirata, Suzana Bezzegh 07 October 2009 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os perfis de metabólitos de glicocorticóides fecais através de radioimunoensaio em cachorros-vinagre (Speothos venaticus) mantidos em cativeiro e suas possíveis implicações na função reprodutiva. Duas fêmeas e quatro machos adultos, após período de condicionamento, foram marcados e tiveram suas fezes recolhidas durante 45 dias. Estes animais recebiam diariamente marcadores (corantes e miçangas) para a devida identificação das amostras fecais. O desafio com ACTH foi realizado em uma das fêmeas e mostrou o perfil reativo esperado, validando a técnica do ponto de vista fisiológico. As concentrações de metabólitos de glicocorticóides fecais para o grupo em geral variaram de 2,32 a 65,09 μ/g de fezes secas, com média e desvio-padrão de 18,11±11,33 μ/g de fezes secas, respectivamente. Quatro animais apresentaram um pico cada um, porém aparentemente, sem relação com qualquer evento estressante em particular. Não se verificou diferença significativa nos perfis de glicocorticóides fecais entre machos e fêmeas, nem entre a fêmea dominante e os outros indivíduos. Tais resultados sugerem que os animais estão bem adaptados à condição do cativeiro e provavelmente isentos ou minimamente afetados pelo estresse. A dosagem dos glicocorticóides fecais é uma ferramenta útil no monitoramento não-invasivo para avaliar a condição de estresse do cachorrovinagre, demonstrando se aspectos de manejo e fatores ambientais interferem de modo importante ou não no bem-estar animal e no potencial reprodutivo, sendo de interesse para a manutenção e conservação da espécie. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the fecal glucocorticoid metabolite profiles by radioimmunoassay in captive bush dog (Speothos venaticus) and its possible role in the reproductive function. Six adult animals (two females and four males), after training, were marked and their fecal samples were collected during 45 days. Every day the animals received markers (dye and colored plastic beads) for the appropriate identification of each sample. One female was used to the ACTH challenge and showed the expected classical response, with a significant peak one day after stimulation, therefore confirming the physiological validation. The overall fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations for the whole group, ranged from 2,32 to 65,09 μ/g of dried feces, with an average and standard deviation of 18,11±11,33 μ/g of dried feces, respectively. Four animals revealed one individual peak during the observation period, however they could not be correlated with any stressful event. The fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations did not show significant differences between males and females neither between the dominant female and the other animals in the study. The results suggest that the animals are well adapted to the captive conditions and likely without or minimally affected by stress. The fecal glucocorticoid metabolite dosage is a useful non-invasive tool to evaluate the bush dog stress situation and to monitor local management and environmental factors that could possibly influence the well being and reproductive success, considered both key factors for the specie maintenance and conservation.
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Discursos interpelativos de George W. Bush (2000-2004) : nacionalismo e neoconservadorismo na busca de legitima??o dom?stica para a guerra ao terrorismoFelini, Carina Rafaela de Godoi 18 August 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-08-18 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / This dissertation uses the Content Analysis methodology to analyze three official
speeches given by US President George W. Bush (2000-2004) after the terrorist attack
on September 11, 2001. The aim is to identify the Arguments used by the president to
create a national and global counter-terrorism counterpart, called the Bush Doctrine, to
introduce War on Terror, legitimizing the invasion of Afghanistan (2001) and the War
on Iraq (2003). Such arguments evoke elements of American national identity that
reactivated American nationalism and served to obtain domestic support for those
military actions. It is also considered that the neoconservative component of American
nationalism was present in these discursive interpellation efforts of President George W.
Bush. / A presente disserta??o faz uso da metodologia de An?lise de Conte?do para analisar tr?s
discursos oficiais proferidos pelo presidente norte-americano George W. Bush (2000-
2004), pronunciados ap?s o ataque terrorista de onze de setembro de 2001. Neles buscase
identificar os argumentos utilizados pelo presidente para criar um receitu?rio de
combate ao terrorismo em n?vel nacional e global, denominado Doutrina Bush, instaurar
a Gerra ao Terrorismo, legitimando a invas?o ao Afeganist?o (2001) e a Guerra ao
Iraque (2003). Considera-se que tais argumentos evocam elementos da identidade
nacional americana que reativaram o nacionalismo norte-americano e serviram para
obten??o de apoio dom?stico ?quelas a??es militares. Considera-se, tamb?m, que o
componente neoconservador do nacionalismo norte-americano esteve presente nestes
esfor?os de interpela??o discursiva do presidente George W. Bush.
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O conselho de segurança e a questão iraquianaCastro, Franco Emmerich Paula de 08 May 2009 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2009-05-08 / Este trabalho busca demonstrar a atuação do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas no panorama geopolítico pós-século XX, e o resguardo da finalidade primeira prevista em sua Carta, da manutenção da paz e segurança internacionais.
Este interesse surge após o atentado do 11 de setembro de 2001 e os seguintes conflitos no Afeganistão, e principalmente no Iraque que não obteve a aprovação do Conselho de Segurança provocando questionamentos quando à atuação da maior Organização intergovernamental frente a uma força persuasiva que conquistava cada vez mais espaço desde o fim da Guerra Fria: os Estados Unidos e a Doutrina Bush .
Mister o estudo das origens e propósito de criação da ONU, juntamente com sua atuação desde o primeiro conflito iraquiano de grande magnitude no século XX a guerra contra o Irã até a invasão que desencadeou a queda do regime de Saddam Hussein, para que o entendimento das políticas impostas contra o Iraque resulte em uma reflexão profunda e completa acerca de sua juridicidade.
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Avaliação dos perfis de metabólitos de glicocorticóides fecais em cachorros-vinagre (Speothos venaticus) mantidos em cativeiro e suas possíveis implicações na função reprodutiva / Evaluation of fecal glucocorticoid metabolite profiles in captive bush dog (Speothos venaticus) and its possible role in the reproductive functionSuzana Bezzegh Hirata 07 October 2009 (has links)
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os perfis de metabólitos de glicocorticóides fecais através de radioimunoensaio em cachorros-vinagre (Speothos venaticus) mantidos em cativeiro e suas possíveis implicações na função reprodutiva. Duas fêmeas e quatro machos adultos, após período de condicionamento, foram marcados e tiveram suas fezes recolhidas durante 45 dias. Estes animais recebiam diariamente marcadores (corantes e miçangas) para a devida identificação das amostras fecais. O desafio com ACTH foi realizado em uma das fêmeas e mostrou o perfil reativo esperado, validando a técnica do ponto de vista fisiológico. As concentrações de metabólitos de glicocorticóides fecais para o grupo em geral variaram de 2,32 a 65,09 μ/g de fezes secas, com média e desvio-padrão de 18,11±11,33 μ/g de fezes secas, respectivamente. Quatro animais apresentaram um pico cada um, porém aparentemente, sem relação com qualquer evento estressante em particular. Não se verificou diferença significativa nos perfis de glicocorticóides fecais entre machos e fêmeas, nem entre a fêmea dominante e os outros indivíduos. Tais resultados sugerem que os animais estão bem adaptados à condição do cativeiro e provavelmente isentos ou minimamente afetados pelo estresse. A dosagem dos glicocorticóides fecais é uma ferramenta útil no monitoramento não-invasivo para avaliar a condição de estresse do cachorrovinagre, demonstrando se aspectos de manejo e fatores ambientais interferem de modo importante ou não no bem-estar animal e no potencial reprodutivo, sendo de interesse para a manutenção e conservação da espécie. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the fecal glucocorticoid metabolite profiles by radioimmunoassay in captive bush dog (Speothos venaticus) and its possible role in the reproductive function. Six adult animals (two females and four males), after training, were marked and their fecal samples were collected during 45 days. Every day the animals received markers (dye and colored plastic beads) for the appropriate identification of each sample. One female was used to the ACTH challenge and showed the expected classical response, with a significant peak one day after stimulation, therefore confirming the physiological validation. The overall fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations for the whole group, ranged from 2,32 to 65,09 μ/g of dried feces, with an average and standard deviation of 18,11±11,33 μ/g of dried feces, respectively. Four animals revealed one individual peak during the observation period, however they could not be correlated with any stressful event. The fecal glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations did not show significant differences between males and females neither between the dominant female and the other animals in the study. The results suggest that the animals are well adapted to the captive conditions and likely without or minimally affected by stress. The fecal glucocorticoid metabolite dosage is a useful non-invasive tool to evaluate the bush dog stress situation and to monitor local management and environmental factors that could possibly influence the well being and reproductive success, considered both key factors for the specie maintenance and conservation.
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Knotting Patriarchy in Susan Glaspell’s <em>Trifles</em> and Catherine Bush’s <em>The Quiltmaker</em>Weiss, Katherine 01 November 2007 (has links)
No description available.
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