Each December thousands of Swedish families sit down to watch the annual "Christmas calendar", a series containing 24 episodes. Since the start in 1960, the Swedish public service television company, Sveriges Television, have broadcast a Christmas calendar every year, and is now seen as a firm tradition, attracting audiences of all ages, though the main audience is children. Research has shown that children’s television programs to a certain extent have the same function as news journalism has in agenda setting. Media, together with feedback and interaction with other individuals, plays a big role in the process of socialization. Researchers have though not yet been able to show how much media and media content matters when it comes to shaping people's perception of the world and reality. Thus, we are now concentrating on how gender is depicted in children's programs, in our case the Christmas calendars. How are men and women depicted? What characteristics do the characters have? Does this change due to time? Are there parallels that can be drawn to society as a whole? Our research resulted in ten overall analyses of Christmas calendars, picked from five decades, and five thorough analyses of episodes from these calendars.

There are two main contributions in the thesis . Firstly, we design a novel and efficient algorithm for mining calendar-based association rules which have multilevel time granularities in temporal databases. Unlike apriori-like approaches , our method scans the database twice at most. By avoiding multiple scans over the database , our method can reduce the database scanning time. Secondly, we use membership functions to construct fuzzy calendar patterns which represent asynchronous periods. With the use of fuzzy calendar patterns, we can discover fuzzy periodical association rules which are association rules occurring in asynchronous periods. Experimental results have shown that our method is more efficient than others, and we can find fuzzy periodical association rules satisfactorily.

Vorlesungsverzeichnisse aller deutschen Universitäten zu sammeln und zu sichten ist für jedes disziplinhistorische Interesse eine schier unbewältigbare Aufgabe, solange sich dieses Interesse nicht methodenspezifisch ausdifferenziert und forschungspraktisch organisiert. Darum sind es andere Interessen, die mit hineinspielen müssen, um eine Dokumentation von Vorlesungsverzeichnissen einzelner Universitäten zustande zu bringen, wie im vorliegenden Fall das Interesse an der Aufklärung, am Wirken Immanuel Kants in Königsberg und dessen Kontext.

Darbo tikslas: Išanalizuoti sergamumą oro-lašinėmis infekcijomis Kauno mieste 2002 – 2007 metais ir nustatyti sąsajas tarp sergamumo oro – lašinėmis infekcijomis ir imunoprofilaktikos. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Įvertinti oro - lašinių infekcijų (tymai, epideminis parotitas, skarlatina, raudonukė, virusinis meningitas, infekcinsu meningokokas, vėjaraupiai) pasiskirstymą įvairiose amžiaus grupėse Kauno mieste 2002-2007 metais. 2. Palyginti sergamumo kai kuriomis oro- lašinėmis infekcijomis kitimą Kauno mieste 2002 – 2007 metais. 3. Nustatyti sąsajas tarp sergamumo oro – lašinėmis infekcijomis ir imunoprofilaktikos. Metodika: Informacija apie sergamumą oro-lašinėmis infekcijomis gauta iš Kauno visuomenės sveikatos centro. Duomenys apie sergamumą oro-lašinėmis infekcijomis paimti iš Kauno visuomenės sveikatos centro kompiuterinės duomenų bazės ULISAS (užkrečiamųjų ligų informacijos ir statistinės apskaitos sistema). Taip pat buvo naudojamasi 2002-2007 metų mėnesinėmis, pusmetinėmis ir metinėmis atskaitomis. Duomenys apdoroti ir išanalizuoti naudojantis statistine programa SPSS 16. Skaičiuotas vidurkis, SD, PI. Duomenys pateikiami absoliučiais skaičiais ir procentais. Buvo skaičiuojami sergamumo rodikliai 10 000 gyventojų. Rezultatai: Sergamumo pagal amžiaus grupes analizė parodė, kad rečiausiai sirgo 13 – 18 metų vaikai, o dažniausiai – 3-6 metų. Susirgimai vėjaraupiais sudaro didžiausią dalį visų oro – lašinių infekcijų - 80,1 proc. (be ūmių virusinių kvėpavimo takų infekcijų ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the study. To analyse morbidity of air-born infections in Kaunas city in 2002–2007 and to assess links between morbidity of air-born infections and immunoprophylaxis. Tasks of the study: 1. To assess prevalence of air-born infections (measles, mumps, scarlatina, rubella, viral meningitis, infectious meningococcus, varicella) in various groups of age in 2002–2007 in Kaunas city. 2. To compare trends of some air-born infections in Kaunas city in 2002–2007. 3. To assess links between air-born infections’ morbidity and immunoprophylaxis. Method: Information about morbidity of air-born infections is got from Kaunas Public Health Center. Data of air-born infections’ morbidity is taken from data basis ULISAS (a system of communicable diseases information and statistical accounting). Also, the monthly, half-yearly and annual records of the years 2002–2007 were used. Data was archived and analyzed by using the statistical programme SPSS 16. An average, SD, PI were counted. Results are submitted in total numbers and percents. Morbidity was calculated to 10000 population. Results: The analysis according to the age groups showed, that children of 13–18 years old were ill most rarely and most frequently – children of 13–16 years old. Ailment of chickenpox makes the biggest part of air-born infections – 81 % (without Acute upper airway infections and influenza), ailments of rubella were registered least – 0,2 %. Of 10698 ill cases, 67 diseases (0,63 %) were registered after... [to full text]

This work explores the relationship between time, temporality, and power by utilizing interactions between Jesuit missionaries and the Ming and Qing governments of late imperial China as a case study. It outlines the complex relationship between knowledge of celestial mechanics, methods of measuring the passage of time, and the tightly controlled circumstances in which that knowledge was allowed to operate. Just as the Chinese courts exercised authority over time and the heavens, so too had the Catholic Church in Europe. So as messengers of God’s authority, the Jesuits identified the importance of astronomical and temporal authority in Chinese culture and sought to convey the supremacy of Christianity through their mastery of the stars and negotiate positions of power within both imperial governments.

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Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Die aktuelle Ausgabe des Newsletter für Freunde, Absolventen und Ehemalige der Technischen Universität Chemnitz.

This study examined validity of the Life History Calendar by comparing retrospective and prospective reports of adolescent substance use. Agreement was calculated using kappa and phi coefficients for dichotomous variables, and Bivariate correlations for average substance use. Effects of potential personality, psychopathology, and demographic moderators on agreement were assessed through hierarchical regression analyses and curvilinear relations determined. Results reflected moderate agreement between retrospective and prospective reports of substance use, moderated by personality and psychopathology variables, particularly Agreeableness, symptoms of antisocial personality disorder, and symptoms of substance abuse. Agreement between retrospective and prospective reports was adequate for reports of alcohol and marijuana use for at least six years after initial reports of use. Agreement for cigarette reports was adequate a year after initial reporting.

Hensikt: Hensikten med studien var å undersøke om Nasjonal vaksinasjonskalender for Russland følges i de to kommunene Montsjegorsk og Kirovsk på Kola når det gjelder vaksinering av barn i alderen 0-2 år Metode: Studien er en retrospektiv kohortstudie av vaksinerte barn i alderen 0-2 århenholdsvis Montsjegorsk kommune (2007 og 2008) samt Kirovsk kommune (2006, 2007,2008 og 2009). Resultat: Denne studien viser ingen signifikant forskjell på antall vaksinerte barn i Montsjegorsk og Kirovsk, der vi har fått tilgang til vaksinasjonskortene, og dekningsgrad forøvrig barnevaksinering i Russland. Det har ikke vært mulig å få fatt i populasjonsdata foraldersgruppen 0-2 år verken i Montsjegorsk eller Kirovsk for de årskullene undersøkelsenomfatter. Resultatene baserer seg derfor på vaksinasjonskortene vi har fått tilgang til. Konklusjon: Barn født i Montsjegorsk i 2007 og 2008, samt barn født i Kirovsk i 2006,2007, 2008 og 2009, og som det var vaksinasjonskort tilgjengelige for, ble vaksinert sombestemt i den nasjonale vaksinasjonskalenderen for Den Russiske Føderasjon / Aim: This study aimed to investigate adherence to Russia’s National Vaccination Calendarin two municipalities, Monchegorsk and Kirovsk, regarding vaccination of children 0-2years of age, and also determine who was registered for vaccination. Method: This is a retrospective cohort study of vaccinated children up to two years of age in Monchegorsk municipality during 2007–2008 and Kirovsk municipality during 2006–2009. Results: We were unable to obtain population data regarding 0-2 year ols children in Monchegorsk and Kirovsk. However, accessable vaccination cards shoved no significant differnece in the number of vaccinated children in these municipalities compared with general coverage for child vaccination in Russia. Conclusion: Vaccination cards for children born in Monchegorsk during 2007–2008 or Kirovsk during 2006–2009 suggest that vaccination occurred as prescribed by the National Vaccination Calendar of the Russian Federation / <p>ISBN 978-91-982282-5-0</p>