Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:14:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1302756 bytes, checksum: b8a7afd2c286c669deb3740b7865b4da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / We consider the problem of embedding the spacetime in pseudo-Riemannian manifolds and its connection with the Campbell-Magaard theorem. We give a brief history of the evolution of the idea of extra dimensions in physics as well as account of the development of the embedding theory as a branch of mathematics motivated by physics. We show that Kaluza-Klein is not an embedding theory of spacetime. Finally, we show the approach of immersion for the induced matter theory and applied, using the theorem of Campbell- Magaard, the other solutions to the space-time / Tratamos o problema da imersão do espaço-tempo em variedades pseudoriemannianas e sua relação com o teorema de Campbell-Magaard. Fazemos, à guisa de introdução e motivação, uma retrospectiva da ideia de dimensões extras na física e, paralelamente, apresentamos uma breve história da teoria de imersões na matemática. Mostramos que a teoria de Kaluza-Klein não pode ser vista como uma teoria de imersão do espaço-tempo. Por fim, mostramos a abordagem da imersão para a teoria de matéria induzida e aplicamos, usando o teorema de Campbell-Magaard, à outras soluções para o espaço-tempo

Ce travail étudie les rapports que les mythes (considérés du point de vue de la psychologie analytique) entretiennent avec le cinéma et la vidéo, supports devenus, grâce à leurs caractéristiques techniques, discursives et esthétiques propres, des moyens idéaux à l’expression moderne du mythe, lui apportant en même temps de nouvelles possibilités de construction ainsi que des dynamiques nouvelles. En comparant d’une part, la conception du mythe chez Carl Gustav Jung, Joseph Campbell et autres auteurs, et d’autre part, les techniques et structures cinématographiques, on montre que le mythe continue de se produire de nos jours au sein de notre société tout en se métamorphosant et en se nourrissant des possibilités qu’offre le cinéma. Les outils et techniques cinématographiques, de par leurs caractéristiques, amplifient les traits caractéristiques fondamentaux du mythe, donnant lieu à des dynamiques particulières entre cinéma et mythe. Les médias audiovisuels diffusent un nombre important de productions que l’on appellera ici cinéma-mythe. Par la comparaison parallèle de la structure cinématographique et les techniques audiovisuelles d’une part, et de la structure du monomythe (Campbell) d’autre part, il est montré que les caractéristiques inhérentes au cinéma et à la vidéo rendent ceux-ci des moyens idéaux à l’élaboration du mythe. Le schéma narratif du mythe, selon Jung et Campbell, s’exprime essentiellement au travers du signe, qui fuit la pure appréhension intellectuelle. Ce sont les rapports entre les signes qui déterminent le discours et le message du mythe. / This thesis analyses the relationship between myths (according to analytical psychology), films and video, cinematographic forms who became the ideal medium of modern myth expression due to their technical, aesthetical and discursive characteristics. This relationship allows new dynamics and construction possibilities in cinema and myth.By comparing Carl Gustav Jung’s and Joseph Campbell’s conception of myth and cinematographic techniques and structures, it is shown that myth production goes on nowadays, in our society, nourished and metamorphosed through cinema possibilities. Cinematographic techniques and tools, by their characteristics, magnify myth’s essential elements, allowing particular dynamics between myth and film. Audiovisual productions feature some examples of what we should call cine-myth.By comparing cinematographic structures and techniques, and monomyth’s structure (Campbell), it is shown that inherent characteristics about cinema and video make them ideal mediums for myth creation. According to Jung and Campbell, the narrative schema of myth is essentially expressed through symbol, who is not merely reduced to intellectual understanding. The relationships between symbols create the message and meaning of myth.

O objetivo desta tese é estudar as autobiografias de três escritoras aborígenes canadenses: Beverly Hungry Wolf, Lee Maracle e Maria Cambpell, à luz de teorias sobre temporalidades das narrativas. Entende-se aqui a narrativa como um espaço temporal no qual as escritoras incorporam e presentificam a figura das avós (grandmothers), o que torna a literatura produzida por elas uma ponte entre o individual e o coletivo, o estético e o social, o pessoal e político. Essas autobiografias apresentam três temporalidades: o presente do passado, em que a memória é o elemento principal na constituição da identidade; o presente do presente, em que a visão da experiência do sujeito motiva uma ação; e o presente do futuro, que aponta para uma expectativa no discernimento das responsabilidades frente à comunidade e ao poder político estabelecido. Para tal, lançaremos mão das teorias de Ricoeur sobre temporalidades em diálogo com a teórica indígena Kim Anderson e outros teóricos que conformam a fortuna crítica das autoras e da literatura indígena canadense e norte-americana. / The aim of this thesis is to study the autobiographical novels written by three Canadian aboriginal female writers: Beverly Hungry Wolf, Lee Maracle and Maria Campbell under the light of theories about temporalities on narratives. We take narratives as temporal spaces on which the writers incorporate and presentify the figure of their grandmothers, a device through which their literature becomes a bridge between the individual and the collective, the aesthetical and the social, and the personal and the political. These autobiographies present three temporalities: the present of the past, on which memory is the main element in the identity constitution; the present of the present, on which the vision of experience motivates action; and the present of the future, which points to an expectation on discernment of responsibilities towards the subjects community and the established political power. The theoretical background is based on Ricoeurs theories on temporalities in dialogue with Indigenous theoretician Kim Anderson and others who build up the critical reception of these authors and of Native Canadian and Native American literatures.

O objetivo desta tese é estudar as autobiografias de três escritoras aborígenes canadenses: Beverly Hungry Wolf, Lee Maracle e Maria Cambpell, à luz de teorias sobre temporalidades das narrativas. Entende-se aqui a narrativa como um espaço temporal no qual as escritoras incorporam e presentificam a figura das avós (grandmothers), o que torna a literatura produzida por elas uma ponte entre o individual e o coletivo, o estético e o social, o pessoal e político. Essas autobiografias apresentam três temporalidades: o presente do passado, em que a memória é o elemento principal na constituição da identidade; o presente do presente, em que a visão da experiência do sujeito motiva uma ação; e o presente do futuro, que aponta para uma expectativa no discernimento das responsabilidades frente à comunidade e ao poder político estabelecido. Para tal, lançaremos mão das teorias de Ricoeur sobre temporalidades em diálogo com a teórica indígena Kim Anderson e outros teóricos que conformam a fortuna crítica das autoras e da literatura indígena canadense e norte-americana. / The aim of this thesis is to study the autobiographical novels written by three Canadian aboriginal female writers: Beverly Hungry Wolf, Lee Maracle and Maria Campbell under the light of theories about temporalities on narratives. We take narratives as temporal spaces on which the writers incorporate and presentify the figure of their grandmothers, a device through which their literature becomes a bridge between the individual and the collective, the aesthetical and the social, and the personal and the political. These autobiographies present three temporalities: the present of the past, on which memory is the main element in the identity constitution; the present of the present, on which the vision of experience motivates action; and the present of the future, which points to an expectation on discernment of responsibilities towards the subjects community and the established political power. The theoretical background is based on Ricoeurs theories on temporalities in dialogue with Indigenous theoretician Kim Anderson and others who build up the critical reception of these authors and of Native Canadian and Native American literatures.

This educational biography is a study of Alexander Campbell's (1788-1866) educational activities and educational thinking. These activities included the following: his creation of Buffalo Seminary; advocacy for common schools at the Virginia State Constitutional Convention of 1829-1830; participation in the Western Literary Institute and College of Professional Teachers of Cincinnati, Ohio (an organization for educators); speeches on education and common schools; founding Bethany College in present-day Bethany, West Virginia; and his discussion of educational issues in his journal, the Millennial Harbinger. The study explores how Campbell's unique early-life affected his future educational life. His early-life included intensive study under his highly educated father, home-training in Christian piety, and studying for a time at the University of Glasgow. The study focuses especially upon Campbell's involvement in the College of Teachers, his founding of Bethany College, and his major educational ideas. Some of Campbell's major educational emphases include: the need for public education; human knowledge as a national resource; moral education; lifelong learning; female education; student interest; a broad and holistic conception of education; a focus on early childhood education; utilitarian education; and the power of education. This study concludes that the overarching theme of education as power pervades Campbell's educational thinking.

Les applications récentes telles que les bases de données forestières impliquent des observations de données spatiales associées à l'observation de nombreuses covariables spatiales. Nous considérons dans cette thèse le problème de l'estimation d'une forme paramétrique de la fonction d'intensité dans un tel contexte. Cette thèse développe les procédures de sélection des variables et donne des garanties quant à leur validité. En particulier, nous proposons deux approches différentes pour la sélection de variables : les méthodes de type lasso et les procédures de type Sélecteur de Dantzig. Pour les méthodes envisageant les techniques de type lasso, nous dérivons les propriétés asymptotiques des estimations obtenues par les fontions d'estimation dérivées par les vraisemblances de la Poisson et de la régression logistique pénalisées par une grande classe de pénalités. Nous prouvons que les estimations obtenues par de ces procédures satisfont la consistance, sparsité et la normalité asymptotique. Pour la partie sélecteur de Dantzig, nous développons une version modifiée du sélecteur de Dantzig, que nous appelons le sélecteur Dantzig linéaire adaptatif (ALDS), pour obtenir les estimations d'intensité. Plus précisément, les estimations ALDS sont définies comme la solution à un problème d'optimisation qui minimise la somme des coefficients des estimations soumises à une approximation linéaire du vecteur score comme une contrainte. Nous constatons que les estimations obtenues par de ces méthodes ont des propriétés asymptotiques semblables à celles proposées précédemment à l'aide de méthode régularisation du lasso adaptatif. Nous étudions les aspects computationnels des méthodes développées en utilisant les procédures de type lasso et de type Sélector Dantzig. Nous établissons des liens entre l'estimation de l'intensité des processus ponctuels spatiaux et les modèles linéaires généralisés (GLM), donc nous n'avons qu'à traiter les procédures de la sélection des variables pour les GLM. Ainsi, des procédures de calcul plus faciles sont implémentées et un algorithme informatique rapide est proposé. Des études de simulation sont menées pour évaluer les performances des échantillons finis des estimations de chacune des deux approches proposées. Enfin, nos méthodes sont appliquées pour modéliser les emplacements spatiaux, une espèce d'arbre dans la forêt observée avec un grand nombre de facteurs environnementaux. / Recent applications such as forestry datasets involve the observations of spatial point pattern data combined with the observation of many spatial covariates. We consider in this thesis the problem of estimating a parametric form of the intensity function in such a context. This thesis develops feature selection procedures and gives some guarantees on their validity. In particular, we propose two different feature selection approaches: the lasso-type methods and the Dantzig selector-type procedures. For the methods considering lasso-type techniques, we derive asymptotic properties of the estimates obtained from estimating functions derived from Poisson and logistic regression likelihoods penalized by a large class of penalties. We prove that the estimates obtained from such procedures satisfy consistency, sparsity, and asymptotic normality. For the Dantzig selector part, we develop a modified version of the Dantzig selector, which we call the adaptive linearized Dantzig selector (ALDS), to obtain the intensity estimates. More precisely, the ALDS estimates are defined as the solution to an optimization problem which minimizes the sum of coefficients of the estimates subject to linear approximation of the score vector as a constraint. We find that the estimates obtained from such methods have asymptotic properties similar to the ones proposed previously using an adaptive lasso regularization term. We investigate the computational aspects of the methods developped using either lasso-type procedures or the Dantzig selector-type approaches. We make links between spatial point processes intensity estimation and generalized linear models (GLMs), so we only have to deal with feature selection procedures for GLMs. Thus, easier computational procedures are implemented and computationally fast algorithm are proposed. Simulation experiments are conducted to highlight the finite sample performances of the estimates from each of two proposed approaches. Finally, our methods are applied to model the spatial locations a species of tree in the forest observed with a large number of environmental factors.

No description available.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1985 J69 / Master of Arts

This essay examines the themes of paranoia and claustrophobia as elements of horror in John Campbell’s novella “Who Goes There?” (1938) and John Carpenter’s film-adaptation of said novella, called The Thing (1982). The novella and the film utilize the lack of trust and reliability in between the characters as elements of fear as well as supernatural elements in the form of a monster. This essay focuses on the different parts of the story running through both versions, mainly the setting, the characters and the monster, to show how the themes of paranoia and claustrophobia are used throughout these as elements of fear and horror. With the help of Sigmund Freud’s concept of the uncanny, as well as other sources, this essay argues that while the monster plays an important role throughout the story, the threats created by the paranoia and claustrophobia are equal to the monster itself.

Le travail de thèse contribue à établir des liens entre structures algébriques non-linéaires, décrites par des théories algébriques, et des structures algébriques linéaires, encodées par des algèbres sur une opérade linéaire. Pour les théories algébriques dont les modèles forment une catégorie semi-abélienne (ce qui inclut la plupart des structures intéressantes), un tel lien a été exhibé récemment par M. Hartl, au niveau des objets gradués associés à une nouvelle notion de suite centrale descendante des modèles d'une théorie donnée : il s'avère qu'ils ont une structure naturelle d'algèbre graduée sur une certaine opérade de groupes abéliens associée à la théorie. Le sujet de thèse s'inscrit dans le projet d'étendre ce lien au niveau global, c'est-à-dire d'établir des correspondances du type Mal'cev et Lazard dans le cas des groupes, à savoir entre les modèles nilpotents suffisamment radicables et les algèbres nilpotentes sur l'opérade linéaire correspondante (après tensorisation avec un sous-anneau des rationnels approprié). Ces correspondances jouent un rôle fondamental en théorie des groupes et commencent à faire leurs preuves en théorie des loops grâce au développement plus récent d'une théorie de Lie non-associative; on peut s'attendre à ce qu'il en soit de même dans un contexte plus général. Il est important de noter qu'aussi bien dans les correspondances classiques de Mal'cev et Lazard que dans leurs généralisations à des variétés multiples de loops (Moufang, Bruck, Bol etc.), le passage des algèbres (de Lie, de Mal'cev etc.) appropriées aux objets non-linéaires (groupes, voire loops) qui leur correspondent, est donné par une formule de Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff appropriée, déduite d'une étude de fonctions exponentielles et logarithmes. Dans la thèse, une nouvelle approche est développée pour construire une correspondance (en fait, une équivalence de catégories) du type Lazard entre une variété (dite aussi catégorie algébrique) 2- nilpotente 2-radicable (dans un sens approprié) C donnée et les algèbres sur une opérade symétrique unitaire linéaire et 2-nilpotente AbOp(C) dépendant de la variété, vivant dans la catégorie monoïdale des Z[1/2]-modules à gauche. L'anneau de fraction Z[1/2] apparaît car notre définition de 2-divisibilité d'objets de C se traduit par la condition de 2-divisibilité classique sur le premier terme de l'opérade. L'équivalence de type Lazard se construit grâce à la théorie des foncteurs polynomiaux (plus précisément quadratiques) et à la notion d'extension linéaire de catégories. L'idée principale est de chercher une équivalence quadratique (i.e un foncteur quadratique qui est une équivalence de catégories) entre une variété semi-abélienne 2-nilpotente 2-radicable donnée C et la catégorie des algèbres sur AbOp(C), que nous appellerons le foncteur de Lazard. La nouveauté principale de cette approche est de ne pas construire ce foncteur explicitement sur tous les objets et les morphismes, en utilisant une formule de BCH établie au préalable; mais au contraire de construire l'"ADN" du foncteur de Lazard, c'est-à-dire un ensemble de données minimales le caractérisant étudié dans ce travail de thèse, et d'en déduire une formule de type BCH dans notre contexte. Cette démarche devrait pouvoir se généraliser et ainsi fournir une approche nouvelle et intéressante même de la formule BCH classique. / The aim of this work consists of establishing the foundations and first steps of a research project which aims at a new understanding and generalization of the classical Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula with a conceptual approach, and its main application in group theory: refining a result of Mal'cev adapting the classical Lie correspondence to abstract groups, Lazard proved that the category of n-divisible n-step nilpotent groups is equivalent with the category of n-step nilpotent Lie algebras over the coefficient ring Z[1/2,…,1/n]. Generalizations to other algebraic structures than groups were obtained in the literature first for several varieties of loops (in particular Moufang, Bruck and Bol loops), and finally for all loops in recent work of Mostovoy, Pérez-Izquierdo and Shestakov. They invoke other types of algebras replacing Lie algebras in the respective context, namely Mal'cev algebras related with Moufang loops, Lie triple systems related with Bruck loops, Bol algebras with Bol algebras and finally Sabinin algebras with arbitrary loops. In each case, the associated type of algebras can be viewed as a linearization of the non-linear structure given by a given type of loops. This situation motivates a research program initiated by M. Hartl, namely of exhibiting suitable linearizations of all non-linear algebraic structures satisfying suitable conditions, namely all semiabelian varieties (of universal algebras, in the sense of universal algebra or of Lawvere). In fact, Hartl associated with any semi-abelian category C a multi-right exact (and hence multi-linear) functor operad on its abelian core. In the special case where C is a variety, this functor operad is even multicolimit preserving and by specialization is equivalent with an operad in abelian groups; the algebra type encoded by this operad provides a linearization of the given variety. Indeed, for each of the above-mentioned varieties of loops this algebra type coincides (over rational coefficients) with the one exhibited in the literature. These constructions and results are based on a new commutator theory in semi-abelian categories which itself relies on a calculus of functors in the framework of semi-abelian categories, both developed by Hartl in partial collaboration with B. Loiseau and T. Van der Linden. Now the project mentioned at the beginning constitutes the next major goal in this emerging general theory of linearization of algebraic structures: to generalize the Lazard equivalence and Baker- Campbell-Hausdorff formula to the context of semi-abelian varieties, and to deduce a way of explicitly computing the operad AbOp(C) from a given presentation of the variety C (more precisely, the operad obtained from AbOp(C) by tensoring its term of arity n with Z[1/2,…,1/n]). In the classical example of groups this would amount to deducing the structure of the Lie operad directly from the usual group axioms.