A população mundial, em 2050, será formada por 9,3 bilhões de habitantes, número 33% superior ao atual, de 7,0 bilhões de pessoas. Essa expansão se refletirá, em grande parte, na população com mais de 65 anos. A ONU estima que, em países como Brasil e Chile, 26% dos habitantes estarão nessa faixa etária na metade deste século, um crescimento relevante em comparação com as médias atuais, de 11%. Além de serem em maior número, os idosos também contarão com maiores expectativas de vida. Atualmente, vivem, em média, 74 anos. Até 2050, estima a ONU, chegarão a 80 anos. Frente a esse panorama, garantir a aposentadoria à população é um desafio crescente para as economias, que já se movimentam no sentido de viabilizar, aos fundos de pensão e de previdência, mecanismos que maximizem os retornos de seus portfólios. Os investimentos em ações de companhias abertas, nesse contexto, ganham um espaço cada vez maior nas estratégias dos gestores dos fundos, mudança que acontece ao mesmo tempo em que a governança corporativa passa a ser vista como um instrumento para a valorização das companhias abertas e, consequentemente, para o desenvolvimento dos mercados de capitais. Considerando esse contexto, esta dissertação se propõe a analisar como a governança corporativa influencia a tomada de decisão de investimento dos gestores de fundos de pensão e de previdência do Brasil, do Chile e do México. O estudo será feito a partir da observação do marco regulatório sobre o tema nesses três países, e se embasará nas respostas dadas, pelos gestores, a questionário sobre as boas práticas de governança corporativa, adotadas pelas companhias abertas, que são observadas e valorizadas na escolha dos investimentos. / In 2050, 9.3 billion inhabitants, a 33% rise in comparison to the current figure of 7.0 billion people, will form the world population. In most part, this expansion will be reflected in the population older than 65 years. The UN estimates that in countries such as Brazil and Chile, 26% of the inhabitants will be in this age group in the half of this century, a relevant growth in comparison with todays average of 11%. In addition to the increase in figures, the elderly people will also count on a longer life expectancy. Currently they live, in average, 74 years. Until 2050, the UN estimates that they will reach 80 years of age. Given this scenario, to guarantee retirement for the whole population is a growing challenge for the economies, which are already seeking mechanisms to maximize returns to pension and social security funds. In this context, investment in equity is gaining more and more emphasis from funds portfolio managers. This change takes place at the same time that corporate governance starts to be seen as an instrument for the appreciation of public companies and, consequently, for the development of stock markets. In this sense, this paper aims at reviewing how corporate governance influences the decision-making process for pension plans and social security portfolio managers in Brazil, Chile and Mexico. The study will be based on the observation of the legal framework around the theme in the three countries and on answers given by managers in a questionnaire on corporate governance best practices, adopted by public companies and that are considered and taken into account in the choice of investments.

A dissertação tem como objetivo contribuir com a construção teórica da governança corporativa no Brasil em função de sua participação no desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais, setor estratégico para o desenvolvimento econômico nacional, bem como tecer considerações acerca do papel da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM, principal órgão regulador do mercado de capitais, na construção (institucionalização / legitimação) deste conceito. Serão investigadas as origens do conceito de governança, e de governança corporativa, e seus pressupostos ideológicos, bem como feitos comentários referentes aos fenômenos implícitos a este processo evolutivo do conceito, como a ocorrência de transplantes legais (legal transplants) e a dependência de trajetória (path dependence). Desta forma, pretende-se concluir se as normas, regras e princípios de governança corporativa, são adaptados à estrutura acionária brasileira, isto é, em coibir a extração de benefícios privados do controle e proteger os direitos dos minoritários. Neste sentido, são importantes as teorias adotadas inerentes à regulação econômica. Assim, partindo da premissa de que há um fenômeno cooperativo relevante, existente entre regulação e autorregulação, notadamente, no que diz respeito ao conceito de governança corporativa, o trabalho pretende perceber em quais termos se dá esta interação. Para tanto, serão levantados dados empíricos evidenciadores das fontes do conceito de governança corporativa na atividade decisória da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM no exercício das atribuições previstas na Lei n. 6.385/1976. A estratégia usada, para tanto, baseia-se na realização de um registro léxico das ocorrências do conceito no contexto do Processo Administrativo Sancionador (PAS) desde a primeira ocorrência do termo, em 2001, até a última ocorrência do termo governança corporativa, em maio de 2017. Por fim, pretendese, com apoio da revisão literária e dos dados coletadas, responder em qual abordagem de governança corporativa, shareholder theory ou stakeholder theory, estão pautadas as decisões da CVM no contexto do Processo Administrativo Sancionador - PAS; qual a origem preponderante desta ou destas definições: a Lei de Sociedades Anônimas (Lei n. 6.404/1976), o exercício do poder normativo do órgão regulador (ICVMs), ou normas oriundas de autorregulação institucionalizada e legitimada pela CVM; e, por fim, se o Código Brasileiro de Governança Corporativa - Companhias Abertas segue abordagem conforme à adotada pela CVM. O objetivo é de perceber as influências e identificar os atores que concorrem para a construção do arcabouço normativo da governança corporativa, ponderando o papel da CVM na institucionalização das definições, regras e princípios de governança corporativa, enquanto conceito-chave para o desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais. / The dissertation aims to contribute to the theoretical construction of corporate governance in Brazil due to its participation in the development of the capital market, a strategic sector for national economic development, as well as considering the role of the Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM), the main regulator of the capital market, in the construction (institutionalization / legitimation) of this concept. The origins of the concept of governance, and of corporate governance, and their ideological assumptions will be investigated. Comments will be made regarding the phenomena implicit in this process, such as the occurrence of legal transplants, as well the occurrence of path dependence. Therefore, we conclude that the norms, rules and principles of corporate governance are adapted to the Brazilian shareholder structure, i.e., to curb the extraction of private benefits from control and protect the rights of minority shareholders. In this sense, the theories adopted by economic regulation are important. Thus, starting from the premise that there is a relevant cooperative phenomenon, existing between regulation and self-regulation, especially with regard to the concept of corporate governance, the work intends to perceive in which terms this interaction occurs. To this end, empirical evidence will be gathered showing the sources of the concept of corporate governance in the decision-making activity of the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (CVM) in the exercise of the attributions provided by the Law n. 6.385/1976. The strategy used is based on a lexical record of the occurrences of the concept in the context of the Sanctioning Administrative Procedure (PAS) from the first occurrence of the term in 2001 until the last occurrence of the term corporate governance in May 2017. Finally, it is intended, with the support of the literature review and the data collected, to respond in which approach of corporate governance, shareholder theory or stakeholder theory, the decisions of the CVM are based on, in the context of the Administrative Procedure Sanction - PAS; which of these definitions is preponderant: the Law of Corporations (Law 6,404 / 1976), the exercise of the regulatory power of the regulatory body (ICVMs), or norms originating from self-regulation institutionalized and legitimized by the CVM; and, finally, whether the Brazilian Corporate Governance Code - Publicly-held Companies follows the approach adopted by CVM. The objective is to recognize the influences and identify the actors that contribute to the construction of the normative framework of corporate governance, pondering the role of the CVM in the institutionalization of the definitions, rules and principles of corporate governance, as a key concept for the development of the brazilian capital market.

There are several advantages of capital markets integration, such as increasing overall market liquidity, improving the scope for diversification and risk sharing. Therefore, the European institutions try to boost capital markets integration among the member states. The aim of this empirical paper is to analyse the level of integration of the main equity markets in the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Romania and Bulgaria from 2001 until 2010 using an integration score analysis. This methodology was proposed by Akdogan (1996; 1997) and later extended by Barari (2004) and by Birg & Lucey (2006). The paper focuses on the developments of regional and global integration of these countries. Findings from this research can be of interest to investors as well as policy makers because the degree of capital markets integration has important implications for cross-border capital flows, financial management, and for the conduct of monetary policy. The results from this paper suggest that the opportunities for portfolio diversification are diminishing in the CEE countries. The diversification benefits were mainly reduced by the accession to the EU, but they did not completely disappear. The findings showed that the global financial crisis in 2008 brought about a rapid change in integration. Global integration increased during the crises, whereas the regional started to decline after years of rising.

A fundamental issue at the interface of economics, finance, and accounting involves the relation between a firm\'s reported earnings and its stock returns. The lack of research in this field using Brazilian data and the limitations of previous research in terms of time-series data (small length available) motivates the present research. In addition, the practical justification of this research is that time-series properties of accounting earnings and the determinants of Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC) have a direct application in earnings forecasting and the valuation process. Based on this, the general objectives of this dissertation are to analyse the earnings time-series properties and to find the economic determinants of ERC in Brazil. Consequently, this dissertation is divided into three main sections/studies: (1) An analysis of the time-series properties of accounting earnings and the long-term relationship among price, return and earnings; (2) An analysis of the relevance and significance of ERC for individual companies and pooled data; and, (3) Elucidation of the economic determinants of ERC in Brazil. In order to achieve these objectives, quarterly and annual data were gathered and analysed. The quarterly sample is composed by 71 firms with quarterly data from the first quarter of 1995 until first quarter of 2009 (57 time-observations), and the annual sample is composed by 61 firms and annual observations from 1995 to 2008 (14 time-observations). Two measures of accounting earnings (SEPS and UNEPS) and two measures of stock returns (RET and ARET) were used. Additionally, proxies of systematic risk (BETA), expected economic growth opportunity (GRO), leverage (LEV), risk-free interest rate (INTER) and size (SIZE) were used as measures of the economic determinant of ERC. In each study, the two different measures of earnings and returns resulted in a combination of four functional models (regressions), in an annual and a quarterly basis. These models were estimated into firm-specific level and pooled data by using different methods (OLS and GLS); these varieties of designs, periodicity and estimations provide a robust analysis. The results of the first study show that earnings present, for most firms, stationarity series and seasonal fluctuation. The evidence also suggests that the accounting earnings in Brazil follow an auto-regressive model AR(1). Test results indicate long-term relationships between earnings and prices/returns, although, it is not possible to robustly infer about the Granger causality direction since a general behaviour was not identified. The second study indicates that for annual and quarterly firm-specific regressions between earnings and stock returns, only a few companies presented a significant relationship. However, the annual pooled analysis presents positive and significant coefficients, and contemporaneous observations (at t level) seem to fit better in the models than the lagged variable of return. Cross-sectional weight in the panel aggregates some refinement to the models in terms of significance and explanatory power. In the quarterly pooled regressions, coefficients with statistical significances were found; nevertheless, these regressions report an extremely low or nonexistent explanatory power, suggesting a slight relationship between the variables. The results of the third study show that systematic risk, interest rates and size significantly explain cross-sections and intertemporal variations of ERC according to previous hypothesis. On the other hand, differently from what has been hypothesized, expected economic growth and leverage do not significant explain cross-section variations of ERC in Brazil. Since the interest rate level in Brazil is higher than those in developed countries and given that interest rate levels affect both earnings and discount rate, the regressions presented different signals according to the proxy for return used. Finally, it is possible to conclude that, by including the significant factors noted above, the empirical specification of the earnings-returns relation is significantly improved, however, given some contrasting results presented here, this dissertation advocates for further research in this field. / Um desafio fundamental que interliga economia, finanças e contabilidade envolve a relação entre lucros contábeis divulgados e o retorno das ações. A falta de pesquisa nesta área utilizando dados brasileiros e a limitação das pesquisas anteriores devido à falta de séries temporais adequadas (as séries disponíveis são curtas) motivam a presente pesquisa. Adicionado a isso, uma justificativa pragmática é que a propriedade temporal dos lucros contábeis e os determinantes do Coeficiente de Resposta ao Lucro (ERC) têm aplicação direta na previsão de lucros e em processos de valuation. Baseado nisso, o objetivo geral desta tese é analisar as propriedades estocásticas do lucro contábil e encontrar os determinantes econômicos do ERC no Brasil. Para isso, a tese está dividida em três seções/estudos: (1) Análise as propriedades dos lucros contábeis e a relação de longo prazo entre preço das ações, retorno e lucros; (2) Análise a relevância e significância do ERC por empresa e em dados agrupados (pooling); e, (3) Teste dos determinantes econômicos do ERC. Para atingir tais objetivos, dados trimestrais e anuais foram coletados e analisados. A amostra trimestral é composta por 71 empresas entre o 1º trimestre de 1995 e o 1º trimestre de 2009 (57 observações trimestrais) e a amostra anual é composta por 61 empresas com observações anuais entre 1995 a 2008 (14 observações anuais). Duas medidas para lucro contábil (SEPS e UNEPS) e duas medidas de retorno das ações (RET e ARET) foram utilizadas. Adicionalmente, proxies para risco sistemático (BETA), oportunidades de crescimento econômico esperado (GRO), alavancagem (LEV), taxa de juros livre de risco (INTER) e tamanho (SIZE) foram utilizadas como medidas de determinantes econômicos do ERC. Em cada estudo, as duas medidas de lucro e de retorno resultaram em uma combinação de quatro modelos funcionais (regressões), em uma base anual e uma trimestral. Tais modelos são estimados individualmente nas empresas e por agrupamento de dados (pooling) por meio de diferentes métodos (OLS e GLS); essa variedade de modelagem, periodicidade e estimação proporcionam uma análise mais robusta. Os resultados do primeiro estudo mostram que os lucros apresentam, para a maioria das empresas, séries estacionárias e com flutuações sazonais. As evidências também sugerem que os lucros no Brasil seguem um modelo autoregressivo de ordem um - AR(1). Os resultados dos testes indicam a existência de relacionamento de longo prazo entre lucro e retorno, no entanto, não é possível inferir de forma robusta sobre a direção da causalidade de Granger visto que não foi encontrada uma tendência geral para os dados. O segundo estudo indica que poucas empresas apresentaram regressões com coeficientes significantes. No entanto, a análise com dados agrupados apresenta coeficientes positivos e significantes, sendo que as observações em períodos similares (no nível t) aparentam melhor adequação do que variável de retorno defasada. Atribuição de peso em variação transversal (cross-sectional) no painel de dados agrega maior refinamento nos modelos em termos de significância e poder explicativo. Nas regressões trimestrais agrupadas, coeficientes com significância estatística foram encontrados; entretanto, essas regressões indicam um poder explicativo extremamente baixo ou inexistente, sugerindo um pequeno relacionamento entre as variáveis. Os resultados do terceiro estudo mostram que risco sistemático, taxa de juros e tamanho explicam com significância estatística as variações temporais e transversais do ERC de acordo com hipóteses prévias. Por outro lado, diferentemente do hipotetizado por estudos anteriores, oportunidades de crescimento econômico esperado e alavancagem não explicam com significância as variações transversais do ERC no Brasil. Visto que a taxa de juros no mercado brasileiro é significativamente maior do que em países desenvolvidos e que a taxa de juros afeta tanto a geração de lucros quanto a taxa de desconto, a regressões apresentaram sinais diferentes de acordo com a proxy de retorno utilizada (RET ou ARET). Finalmente é possível concluir que, ao incluir os fatores estatisticamente significantes, apresentados acima, a especificação empírica da relação lucro/retorno é significativamente melhorada, entretanto, considerando que alguns resultados contraditórios foram verificados, esta tese advoga por maiores pesquisas neste campo.

Hedge funds and China’s stock market: a study on factors influencing investment decisions by fund managersThe research was conducted using a web-based questionnaire sent to all Asia-related hedge funds, worldwide. Analysis of the collected data revealed that the factors influencing the portfolio investments made in China by fund managers differed from the factors which influence investment in global and emerging markets. While market conditions, market timing and changes in earning estimates are the top three influencing factors on investment decisions on global stock exchanges, fund managers are more influenced by global trend, potential growth and company size when dealing with China’s stock market. Research results also support the hypotheses that there are relationships between size of fund, trading style and personal expertise of managers and the factors influencing investment decisions.The international hedge fund industry and China’s stock market are two fast-growing entities of global capital markets. Stronger interaction between these two institutions in the future would create important implications for the financial world. The objective of this research is to identify factors that influence investment decisions by hedge fund managers in relation to China’s stock market.The following implications can be extracted from this research:(1) If China’s stock market is classified within the Emerging Markets Index, adjustments are necessary and provision should be made reflecting investor criteria for China.(2) Global trends and the potential growth of China were the two most attractive factors influencing investment decisions, suggesting a ‘herding’ tendency and ‘attention-grabbing’ bias of hedge fund managers.(3) Company evaluation remains important to hedge fund managers, suggesting that Chinese government regulators should implement reforms to improve quality of listed firms.(4) Gaps in the research on China’s stock market as well as the outcomes of this research indicate that further studies on the international hedge fund industry and China’s stock market could reveal new perspectives and enhancements to the current body of knowledge on these subjects. This thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the research context and research justification. The research problem and questions are identified, and the theoretical framework and hypotheses are constructed. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the hedge fund industry and China’s stock market. Chapter 3 examines the literature: factors that influence investment decisions in global, emerging markets and in particular, China’s stock market. A framework of an 8-step decision-making process was developed. Chapter 4 researches alternative methodologies and presents a justification for the selection of the research methodology. Chapter 5 summarises the results of the data analysis and interpretation. Chapter 6 discusses the conclusions, implications, contributions and limitations of the research. Recommendations for further research are also included.The outcomes of this research are expected to benefit all participants of the global financial industry, including institutional and individual investors; executives in banking, insurance and securities businesses; financiers of listed firms and multinational corporations; government regulators and independent research analysts. Other beneficiaries will be academics and the media.

Essay 1: An Examination of the Efficiency, Foreclosure, and Collusion Rationales for Vertical Takeovers We investigate the efficiency, foreclosure, and collusion rationales for vertical integration using a large sample of vertical takeovers. The efficiency rationale posits that vertical integration prevents future holdup between non-integrated suppliers and customers. In contrast, the foreclosure and collusion rationales suggest that vertical integration harms competition. To distinguish between these hypotheses, we examine the wealth effects of the merging firms, acquirer rivals, target rivals, and corporate customers on announcement of vertical takeovers. Our univariate and cross-sectional results suggest that firms alter their vertical boundaries in a manner that is consistent with the efficiency rationale. Our tests do not find evidence supportive of the anti-competitive rationales for vertical integration. Essay 2: Determinants of Firm Vertical Boundaries and Implications for Internal Capital Markets In this paper, we investigate the determinants of vertical relatedness between business segments of multi-segment firms and how vertical relatedness affects the internal allocation of capital. Consistent with theory, we observe a higher degree of vertical relatedness between segments in environments likely to involve contracting problems. Further, there is a greater tendency for investments to flow towards segments with better investment opportunities as the degree of vertical relatedness between business segments in the firm increases. This indicates that internal capital markets function better in the presence of significant vertical relatedness between segments. This finding supports the Stein (1997) model, which suggests that the headquarters is able to do a better job of “winner-picking” when firms operate in related lines of businesses.

Hedge funds and China’s stock market: a study on factors influencing investment decisions by fund managersThe research was conducted using a web-based questionnaire sent to all Asia-related hedge funds, worldwide. Analysis of the collected data revealed that the factors influencing the portfolio investments made in China by fund managers differed from the factors which influence investment in global and emerging markets. While market conditions, market timing and changes in earning estimates are the top three influencing factors on investment decisions on global stock exchanges, fund managers are more influenced by global trend, potential growth and company size when dealing with China’s stock market. Research results also support the hypotheses that there are relationships between size of fund, trading style and personal expertise of managers and the factors influencing investment decisions.The international hedge fund industry and China’s stock market are two fast-growing entities of global capital markets. Stronger interaction between these two institutions in the future would create important implications for the financial world. The objective of this research is to identify factors that influence investment decisions by hedge fund managers in relation to China’s stock market.The following implications can be extracted from this research:(1) If China’s stock market is classified within the Emerging Markets Index, adjustments are necessary and provision should be made reflecting investor criteria for China.(2) Global trends and the potential growth of China were the two most attractive factors influencing investment decisions, suggesting a ‘herding’ tendency and ‘attention-grabbing’ bias of hedge fund managers.(3) Company evaluation remains important to hedge fund managers, suggesting that Chinese government regulators should implement reforms to improve quality of listed firms.(4) Gaps in the research on China’s stock market as well as the outcomes of this research indicate that further studies on the international hedge fund industry and China’s stock market could reveal new perspectives and enhancements to the current body of knowledge on these subjects. This thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the research context and research justification. The research problem and questions are identified, and the theoretical framework and hypotheses are constructed. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the hedge fund industry and China’s stock market. Chapter 3 examines the literature: factors that influence investment decisions in global, emerging markets and in particular, China’s stock market. A framework of an 8-step decision-making process was developed. Chapter 4 researches alternative methodologies and presents a justification for the selection of the research methodology. Chapter 5 summarises the results of the data analysis and interpretation. Chapter 6 discusses the conclusions, implications, contributions and limitations of the research. Recommendations for further research are also included.The outcomes of this research are expected to benefit all participants of the global financial industry, including institutional and individual investors; executives in banking, insurance and securities businesses; financiers of listed firms and multinational corporations; government regulators and independent research analysts. Other beneficiaries will be academics and the media.

Hedge funds and China’s stock market: a study on factors influencing investment decisions by fund managersThe research was conducted using a web-based questionnaire sent to all Asia-related hedge funds, worldwide. Analysis of the collected data revealed that the factors influencing the portfolio investments made in China by fund managers differed from the factors which influence investment in global and emerging markets. While market conditions, market timing and changes in earning estimates are the top three influencing factors on investment decisions on global stock exchanges, fund managers are more influenced by global trend, potential growth and company size when dealing with China’s stock market. Research results also support the hypotheses that there are relationships between size of fund, trading style and personal expertise of managers and the factors influencing investment decisions.The international hedge fund industry and China’s stock market are two fast-growing entities of global capital markets. Stronger interaction between these two institutions in the future would create important implications for the financial world. The objective of this research is to identify factors that influence investment decisions by hedge fund managers in relation to China’s stock market.The following implications can be extracted from this research:(1) If China’s stock market is classified within the Emerging Markets Index, adjustments are necessary and provision should be made reflecting investor criteria for China.(2) Global trends and the potential growth of China were the two most attractive factors influencing investment decisions, suggesting a ‘herding’ tendency and ‘attention-grabbing’ bias of hedge fund managers.(3) Company evaluation remains important to hedge fund managers, suggesting that Chinese government regulators should implement reforms to improve quality of listed firms.(4) Gaps in the research on China’s stock market as well as the outcomes of this research indicate that further studies on the international hedge fund industry and China’s stock market could reveal new perspectives and enhancements to the current body of knowledge on these subjects. This thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the research context and research justification. The research problem and questions are identified, and the theoretical framework and hypotheses are constructed. Chapter 2 presents an overview of the hedge fund industry and China’s stock market. Chapter 3 examines the literature: factors that influence investment decisions in global, emerging markets and in particular, China’s stock market. A framework of an 8-step decision-making process was developed. Chapter 4 researches alternative methodologies and presents a justification for the selection of the research methodology. Chapter 5 summarises the results of the data analysis and interpretation. Chapter 6 discusses the conclusions, implications, contributions and limitations of the research. Recommendations for further research are also included.The outcomes of this research are expected to benefit all participants of the global financial industry, including institutional and individual investors; executives in banking, insurance and securities businesses; financiers of listed firms and multinational corporations; government regulators and independent research analysts. Other beneficiaries will be academics and the media.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GustavoZSV.pdf: 551513 bytes, checksum: 453ac5734f2a1b31f542162d8b4d7a1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Este trabalho objetiva determinar que caracter?sticas do corpo funcional da DIMEC (Diretoria de Mercado de Capitais do Banco do Brasil) est?o associadas aos principais entraves considerados relevantes pelos funcion?rios da ?rea durante a implementa??o do Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Pretende-se salientar como entraves tais como a falta de apoio de Tecnologia de Informa??o e a falta de h?bito dos funcion?rios em lidar com indicadores n?o financeiros podem se relacionar com as caracter?sticas de interesse do corpo funcional, tais como n?vel hier?rquico , forma??o acad?mica e n?vel de conhecimento da ferramenta BSC , de forma a influenciar na implementa??o do modelo. Para tanto foi realizada revis?o de literatura e estudo de caso no qual figuraram, como instrumentos de coleta de dados, a aplica??o de question?rios e a entrevista n?o-estruturada atrav?s dos quais funcion?rios da DIMEC demonstraram as rela??es entre as vari?veis descritas de forma a destacar fatores de relev?ncia para o desenrolar do processo de implanta??o da ferramenta BSC na referida empresa