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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Does it matter where and when you will be trained in cardiopulmonary resuscitation? : A study on CPR skills in Finland

Kämäräinen, Leena January 2005 (has links)
The aim of the study was to look at the psychomotor skills in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and relate the results to sex, age and type of training. Place of training had three different categories: training at Finnish Red Cross (FRC) courses for general public, training at workplace or training at both places. The study was conducted on 310 trainees on different first aid courses and events in Finland. The psychomotor skills were evaluated by observation with help of a CPR evaluation standardized checklist with 11 moments. Age showed to have an impact on the skills. Age groups 20, 30 and 40 performed the skills better than the age group 50 and above. To explain the difference with anxiety is not likely, as 41.1 % of the trainees informed not to be afraid in a real situation and only 27.8% answered to be or did not know if they would be afraid. More likely the difference can be explained by self confidence to act as well as by the fact that different age groups need different teaching methods. Repeating has also a big role with the competence. Trainees with health care background or active at FRC succeeded to get better results. They also managed better with the essential moments like calling for help and opening the airways. Obvious is that those with 3-6 passed first aid courses managed to get better results than those with 0-2 courses. Motivation to have skills in CPR have an impact when comparing the skills and place where you got the training. All 11 moments right had 43.8% of the trainees who got their training at a FRC course, and 28.0% of those who were trained at workplace. Same difference can be shown when comparing skills with the essential moment, opening the airways. Out of the trainees at FRC courses 89.9% performed it right and 62.7% of trainees at courses at workplaces. When evaluating the skills it is just not enough to look at the right moments, but as well at the crucial, life saving, measures. In order to save more lives by CPR training an essential factor in the training is confidence to intervene in the event as well as repetition together with different teaching methods for different target groups. CPR skill tests are an important tool for the future development of the quality of the teachers. / <p>ISBN 91-7997-096-6</p>
52

Familjens närvaro vid återupplivning : En litteraturöversikt av sjuksköterskors erfarenheter / Family presence during resuscitation : A literature review of nurses' experiences

Wernerliv, Anna, Pihlblad, Sofia January 2014 (has links)
Background: The new guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation states that the family should be given the opportunity to be present at the resuscitation of a close relative. A cardiac arrest is an emotional experience for the family. In addition to being part of the resuscitation effort, the nurse also needs to take care of the family. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses' experiences of family presence during resuscitation. Method: A literature review has been made of 13 studies where differences and similarities were analyzed. The articles were published between the years of 2009 – 2013 Result: The nurses' experiences were divided into three categories; Factors that affect family presence, The nurse' experience surrounding the presence of the family, Factors affecting family presence in the resuscitation room. The result showed that, the feeling of confidence, the ability to work under stressful conditions, the reactions of the family and external prerequisites and the presences of a family support person were important. All nurses had unique experiences that influenced their attitudes towards family presence during resuscitation. Conclusion: Every resuscitation is unique and the family's presence should be evaluated. The need for a family support person was identified as an important factor to ease the family's presence. Local protocols should be created that clearly states the decision process and whom become the family support person. Travelbee's nursing theory facilitates the comprehension of the interactions between the family and the nurse.
53

Sex Differences in Cardiac and Cerebral Damage after Hypovolemic Cardiac Arrest

Semenas, Egidijus January 2011 (has links)
Resuscitation from haemorrhagic shock and the subsequent circulatory arrest remains a major clinical challenge in the care of trauma patients. Numerous experimental studies in sexually mature animals have shown a gender dimorphism in response to trauma and haemorrhagic shock. The first study was designed to evaluate sex differences in outcome after resuscitation from hypovolemic circulatory arrest. We intended to examine innate sex differences, and chose to study sexually immature animals. The study showed that cerebral cortical blood flow was greater, blood-brain-barrier was better preserved and neuronal injury was smaller in female as compared to male piglets. The second study demonstrated that female sex was associated with enhanced haemodynamic response, cardioprotection, and better survival. This cardioprotective effect was observed despite comparable estradiol and testosterone levels in male and female animals, indicating an innate gender-related cardioprotection. In both studies (I and II) female sex was associated with a smaller increase in the cerebral expression of inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (iNOS and nNOS). Thus in the study III we tested the hypothesis that exogenously administered 17β-estradiol (E2) could improve neurological outcome by NOS modulation. The results showed that compared with the control group, animals in the E2 group exhibited a significantly smaller increase in nNOS and iNOS expression, a smaller blood-brain-barrier disruption and a mitigated neuronal injury. There was also a significant correlation between nNOS and iNOS levels and neuronal injury. A hypothesis if female-specific cardioprotection may be attributed to a smaller NOS activity was tested in study IV. The animals received methylene blue (MB) during CPR, but were otherwise treated according to the same protocol as studies I-II. The female-specific cardioprotection could be attributed to a smaller NOS activity, but NOS inhibition with MB did not improve survival or myocardial injury, although it abated the difference between the sexes.
54

Nursing performance of pediatric CPR a method for improvement : a report submitted in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Master of Science, Parent-Child Nursing ... /

Schuster, Michelle L. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references.
55

Nursing performance of pediatric CPR a method for improvement : a report submitted in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Master of Science, Parent-Child Nursing ... /

Schuster, Michelle L. January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references.
56

Atuação dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar: repercussões psicofísicas na saúde do trabalhador / Nursing worker's practice in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: psychophysical repercussions on the worker's health

Cláudia Maria da Silva Sá 25 March 2009 (has links)
Objeto de estudo: repercussões psicofísicas no trabalhador de enfermagem decorrentes da atuação em ressuscitações cardiopulmonares em enfermarias de clínica médica. Objetivos: identificar os fatores facilitadores e dificultadores enfrentados pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem na atuação em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, discutir os sentimentos que emergem desses trabalhadores nesta atuação, analisar as repercussões psicofísicas na saúde destes trabalhadores decorrentes da atuação em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, fundamentado no método dialético e com referencial teórico da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. Desenvolvido em quatro enfermarias de clínica médica de um hospital universitário da rede pública do município do Rio de Janeiro, tendo como sujeitos cinco enfermeiros e doze auxiliares de enfermagem. Utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada e as informações coletadas foram tratadas e analisadas à luz do método de análise de conteúdo, o qual possibilitou o surgimento de três categorias: a organização do trabalho e seus reflexos sobre a atuação dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, vivências referentes a esta atuação e implicações na saúde destes trabalhadores decorrentes desta atuação. Os resultados apontaram para um significativo distanciamento entre o trabalho prescrito e o real. Esse distanciamento gerava nos sujeitos uma percepção marcadamente de dificuldades, as quais conduziram a relatos de muito mais sofrimento do que de prazer. Verificou-se que o sentimento de prazer emergia quando os sujeitos aludiam à recuperação do cliente, à sensação do dever cumprido e quando eles conseguiam vencer as dificuldades que perpassavam este atendimento. Diante das situações dificultadoras, os trabalhadores referiram angústia, irritabilidade, nervosismo, ansiedade, frustração, isto é, sentimentos negativos e prejudiciais para a saúde do trabalhador. Várias repercussões psicofísicas foram sentidas pelos trabalhadores decorrentes do atendimento na parada cardiorrespiratória, e as que remetem as da dimensão psicológica foram as mais mencionadas, as quais foram identificadas como: sentimento de perda, de sentir-se desrespeitado e impotente para transpor as dificuldades, tristeza, ansiedade, agonia, tensão, dificuldade no enfrentamento da morte e medo de errar no procedimento. No entanto, os sujeitos também citaram tensão na região cervical, rigidez muscular, cefaléia e hipertensão, como repercussões ligadas à dimensão física. Além dessas, houve referência de dores nas mãos, nas pernas e lombalgia, decorrentes do exercício laboral em condições não favoráveis às necessidades ergonômicas para realização desta atividade. A partir dos resultados apreendidos, considera-se que existe a necessidade de discutir, avaliar e intervir no processo de trabalho a fim de que a atividade de RCP seja mais bem operacionalizada, com menos ou nenhum impacto negativo na saúde do trabalhador de enfermagem. A mudança no processo laboral deve envolver a esfera gerencial e a assistencial, em nível multidisciplinar, privilegiando inclusive o saber prático dos trabalhadores. Recomenda-se ainda a formação e a manutenção de grupos de reflexão com os profissionais de saúde, em especial os da enfermagem, para ajudá-los a lidar com a morte e compreendê-la como um segmento do processo de trabalho em saúde. / Aim of the study: psychophysical repercussions of nursing workers resulting from their practice in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among medical in-patients. Objectives: to identify the facilitating and difficulty factors faced by nursing workers practice in CPR, discuss the feelings that emerge from the workers in their practice and analyze the psychophysical repercussions on the workers' health arising from such practice. Qualitative, descriptive study, based on the dialectical method and theoretical reference to the Psychodynamics of Work. The study was developed in four medical wards of a public university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which had five nurses and twelve nursing assistants as subjects. Data collection instrument chosen was a semi-structured interview, whose information was analysed and dealt with under the light of content analysis approach, resulting in the creation of three categories: the organization of work and its reflexes on the nursing workers practice as regards cardiopulmonary resuscitation, experiences in relation to their practice and the implications on the health of the workers resulting from their practice. The results indicated a significant distancing between the prescribed and the real work, which created in the subjects involved a clear perception of difficulties that resulted in reports that stressed much more on suffering than on pleasure. It was also verified that the feeling of pleasure emerged when the subjects mentioned the recovery of the patient, in the sense of accomplished duty and when they managed to overcome the difficulties involved in that attendance. When facing difficult situations, the workers referred to anguish, irritability, nervousness, anxiety, frustration, that is, negative feelings which are harmful to the worker's health. Various psychophysical repercussions were felt by the workers stemming from the attendance of cardiorespiratory arrests and the ones that have a psychological dimension were the most mentioned, which were identified as: feeling of loss, of being disrespected and impotent to surpass the difficulties, sadness, anxiety, agony, tension, difficulty in facing death and the fear of making mistakes in the procedures. Besides, the subjects also mentioned feeling tense in the cervical region, muscular stiffness, headache and high blood pressure as repercussions linked to the physical dimension. There was also reference to feeling pain in the hands, legs and back, caused by the laborial exercise in conditions not so favorable to the ergonomic necessities for the realization of this activity. From the obtained results, we consider that there is a need to discuss, evaluate and intervene in the working process so that CPR can be better operationalized, with less or no negative impact on the wellbeing of the nursing worker. The change in the working process must involve both the managerial and assistential spheres, on a multidisciplinary level, privileging the practical knowledge of the workers as well. We also recommend the formation and maintenance of reflection groups among health care professionals, especially in Nursing so as to help them better deal with death and acknowledge it as part of the process in Health Care.
57

Parada Cardiorespiratória e Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar: vivências da equipe de enfermagem de um Hospital Escola / Cardiopulmonary arrest and resuscitation: the experience of the nursing staff of a teaching hospital

Jocilene de Carvalho Miraveti Canova 19 December 2012 (has links)
A parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) é a ocorrência de maior emergência atendida nos serviços pré e intra-hospitalares. Para os profissionais de saúde a PCR e a realização da Ressuscitação Cardiopulmonar (RCP) são eventos de extrema importância dentro da assistência, na qual exigem-se conhecimento, execução de técnicas adequadas e agilidade para prestar um atendimento de qualidade. A única chance de sobrevivência do paciente está vinculada à identificação precoce desse evento e à intervenção rápida e eficaz através das manobras de RCP dentro da sistematização do atendimento à PCR/RCP determinadas pelas Corrente de Sobrevivência do Adulto, seguida do Suporte Básico (SBV) e Suporte Avançado de Vida (SAVC). Trata-se de um estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem quali- quantitativa que visa estabelecer as exigências críticas no atendimento à PCR/RCP em unidade de emergência no Hospital Escola do interior do estado de São Paulo, através da vivência de 27 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem na realização das manobras de RCP, identificando os incidentes críticos positivos e/ou negativos durante esse atendimento, além das facilidades e dificuldades vivenciadas pela equipe de enfermagem na execução dessas manobras através da Técnica do Incidente Crítico (TIC). Os dados coletados foram categorizados segundo as situações críticas semelhantes (situações secundárias), uma vez que a situação principal era a PCR e a situação secundária era a realização da RCP, seguida dos comportamentos e das consequências positivas e negativas decorrentes das diversas situações. Desta análise emergiram cinco categorias de incidentes críticos: Competências do atendimento à PCR/RCP, sentimentos e emoções da equipe frente à PCR/RCP, estrutura e ambiente na RCP, Eventos adversos à PCR/RCP e Capacitação da equipe de enfermagem. Relacionado aos comportamentos positivos, destacou-se três categorias: Aplicando a sistematização no atendimento à PCR/RCP, estabelecendo gestão durante á RCP e utilizando tecnologias na RCP. Dentre os comportamentos negativos, observaram-se seis categorias: convivendo com a falta de habilidades técnicas; vivenciando a falta da sistematização no atendimento à PCR/RCP; convivendo com recursos materiais e humanos insuficientes; o ambiente; percebendo os sentimentos e emoções da equipe frente a RCP e observando a falta de capacitação permanente da equipe na RCP. Uma vez selecionadas as situações críticas, os comportamentos positivos e os comportamentos negativos, pudemos categorizar o óbito como uma conseqüência imediata negativa e o restabelecimento das funções vitais como uma conseqüência imediata positiva ao paciente/cliente. Na avaliação das categorias resultantes, verificou-se como conseqüência negativa, os saber lidar com o sofrimento da perda e como conseqüência positiva, a RCP bem sucedida além dos sentimentos dos profissionais de enfermagem. A partir dos incidentes críticos identificados, foram estabelecidas as exigências críticas no atendimento à RCP no local de estudo e ressaltou-se que para um bom desempenho na realização da RCP é necessário rapidez, eficiência, conhecimento técnico-científico e habilidade técnica por parte de toda a equipe que realiza esse atendimento, seguindo sistematização referida pelos protocolos do AHA. Além disso, identificou-se a necessidade de capacitação continuada dos profissionais de enfermagem e médica, trabalho harmônico e sincronizado multiprofissional e infra-estrutura adequada, visando o restabelecimento da vida, a limitação do sofrimento, a recuperação do paciente/cliente e a ocorrência mínima de sequelas. Portanto, a RCP imediata, sistematizada e de qualidade é requisito básico de segurança para esses pacientes, reduzindo as dificuldades identificadas pela equipe e favorecendo as chances de reanimação destes pacientes / The cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is the major emergency occurrence attended pre and intra hospital services. For the health professionals, the CPA and the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are events of utmost importance during the care, demanding knowledge, implementation of appropriate techniques and agility to provide a quality service. The unique opportunity of patient\'s survival is linked to the early identification of this event and to the fast and effective intervention through CPR manoeuvres within the treatment systematization CPA/CPR determined by Adult Survival Current followed by Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ACLS). It\'s an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative-quantitative approach that aims to establish critical requirements in the CPA/CPR treatment within an emergency room at a teaching hospital in São Paulo State, through the experience of twenty seven professionals of nursing staff during manoeuvres of CPR, identifying the positive/negative critical incidents during this treatment as well as facility and difficulties experienced by nursing staff during this procedures though the Critical Incident Technique (CIT). The collected data was categorized accordingly to similar critical situations (secondary situation), since the main situation was CPA and secondary one was CPR realization in addition to behaviors and positive/negative consequences resulting from various situations. From this analysis, it was arisen five categories of critical incidents: treatment competences to CPA/CPR, feelings and emotions of the nursing staff towards CPA/CPR, structure and environment during CPR, adverse events to CPA/CPR and nursing staff training. Related to positive behaviors, it was highlighted three categories: applying systematization in CPA/CPR treatment, establishing conduct during CPR and using technologies in CPR. It was observed six categories among negative behaviors: dealing with no technical skills, living through the lack of systematization to CPA/CPR treatment, cohabiting with insufficient human and material resources, the environment, realizing nursing staff\'s feelings and emotions towards CPR treatment and observing the lack of nursing staff\'s ongoing training. Once selected critical situations, positive and negative behaviors, we can classify Death as an immediate negative consequence and Restoring Vital Functions as a positive consequence to the patient/client. Assessing the emerging categories, it was verified, as a negative consequence, how to deal with the loss suffering and, as a positive consequence, the successful CPR in addition to the nursing professionals\' feelings. From the identified critical incidents, it was established critical requirements to CPR treatment at the study site and it was pointed out that, to a good performance in the CPR, is necessary quickness, efficacy, scientific and technical knowledge and technical ability of the whole staff that perform this treatment, following systematization referred by the AHA protocols. Furthermore it was also identified the necessity for an ongoing training of medical and nursing professionals, harmonious and synchronized multiprofessional work and appropriate infrastructure aiming at life restoring, suffering limitation, the patient and client\'s recovery and the least occurrence of sequelae. Therefore, an immediate systematized and quality CPR is basic requirement for these patients\' safety, reducing the difficulties identified by the staff and providing opportunities for resuscitation of these patients
58

Atuação dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar: repercussões psicofísicas na saúde do trabalhador / Nursing worker's practice in cardiopulmonary resuscitation: psychophysical repercussions on the worker's health

Cláudia Maria da Silva Sá 25 March 2009 (has links)
Objeto de estudo: repercussões psicofísicas no trabalhador de enfermagem decorrentes da atuação em ressuscitações cardiopulmonares em enfermarias de clínica médica. Objetivos: identificar os fatores facilitadores e dificultadores enfrentados pelos trabalhadores de enfermagem na atuação em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, discutir os sentimentos que emergem desses trabalhadores nesta atuação, analisar as repercussões psicofísicas na saúde destes trabalhadores decorrentes da atuação em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. Estudo qualitativo, descritivo, fundamentado no método dialético e com referencial teórico da Psicodinâmica do Trabalho. Desenvolvido em quatro enfermarias de clínica médica de um hospital universitário da rede pública do município do Rio de Janeiro, tendo como sujeitos cinco enfermeiros e doze auxiliares de enfermagem. Utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada e as informações coletadas foram tratadas e analisadas à luz do método de análise de conteúdo, o qual possibilitou o surgimento de três categorias: a organização do trabalho e seus reflexos sobre a atuação dos trabalhadores de Enfermagem em ressuscitação cardiopulmonar, vivências referentes a esta atuação e implicações na saúde destes trabalhadores decorrentes desta atuação. Os resultados apontaram para um significativo distanciamento entre o trabalho prescrito e o real. Esse distanciamento gerava nos sujeitos uma percepção marcadamente de dificuldades, as quais conduziram a relatos de muito mais sofrimento do que de prazer. Verificou-se que o sentimento de prazer emergia quando os sujeitos aludiam à recuperação do cliente, à sensação do dever cumprido e quando eles conseguiam vencer as dificuldades que perpassavam este atendimento. Diante das situações dificultadoras, os trabalhadores referiram angústia, irritabilidade, nervosismo, ansiedade, frustração, isto é, sentimentos negativos e prejudiciais para a saúde do trabalhador. Várias repercussões psicofísicas foram sentidas pelos trabalhadores decorrentes do atendimento na parada cardiorrespiratória, e as que remetem as da dimensão psicológica foram as mais mencionadas, as quais foram identificadas como: sentimento de perda, de sentir-se desrespeitado e impotente para transpor as dificuldades, tristeza, ansiedade, agonia, tensão, dificuldade no enfrentamento da morte e medo de errar no procedimento. No entanto, os sujeitos também citaram tensão na região cervical, rigidez muscular, cefaléia e hipertensão, como repercussões ligadas à dimensão física. Além dessas, houve referência de dores nas mãos, nas pernas e lombalgia, decorrentes do exercício laboral em condições não favoráveis às necessidades ergonômicas para realização desta atividade. A partir dos resultados apreendidos, considera-se que existe a necessidade de discutir, avaliar e intervir no processo de trabalho a fim de que a atividade de RCP seja mais bem operacionalizada, com menos ou nenhum impacto negativo na saúde do trabalhador de enfermagem. A mudança no processo laboral deve envolver a esfera gerencial e a assistencial, em nível multidisciplinar, privilegiando inclusive o saber prático dos trabalhadores. Recomenda-se ainda a formação e a manutenção de grupos de reflexão com os profissionais de saúde, em especial os da enfermagem, para ajudá-los a lidar com a morte e compreendê-la como um segmento do processo de trabalho em saúde. / Aim of the study: psychophysical repercussions of nursing workers resulting from their practice in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among medical in-patients. Objectives: to identify the facilitating and difficulty factors faced by nursing workers practice in CPR, discuss the feelings that emerge from the workers in their practice and analyze the psychophysical repercussions on the workers' health arising from such practice. Qualitative, descriptive study, based on the dialectical method and theoretical reference to the Psychodynamics of Work. The study was developed in four medical wards of a public university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which had five nurses and twelve nursing assistants as subjects. Data collection instrument chosen was a semi-structured interview, whose information was analysed and dealt with under the light of content analysis approach, resulting in the creation of three categories: the organization of work and its reflexes on the nursing workers practice as regards cardiopulmonary resuscitation, experiences in relation to their practice and the implications on the health of the workers resulting from their practice. The results indicated a significant distancing between the prescribed and the real work, which created in the subjects involved a clear perception of difficulties that resulted in reports that stressed much more on suffering than on pleasure. It was also verified that the feeling of pleasure emerged when the subjects mentioned the recovery of the patient, in the sense of accomplished duty and when they managed to overcome the difficulties involved in that attendance. When facing difficult situations, the workers referred to anguish, irritability, nervousness, anxiety, frustration, that is, negative feelings which are harmful to the worker's health. Various psychophysical repercussions were felt by the workers stemming from the attendance of cardiorespiratory arrests and the ones that have a psychological dimension were the most mentioned, which were identified as: feeling of loss, of being disrespected and impotent to surpass the difficulties, sadness, anxiety, agony, tension, difficulty in facing death and the fear of making mistakes in the procedures. Besides, the subjects also mentioned feeling tense in the cervical region, muscular stiffness, headache and high blood pressure as repercussions linked to the physical dimension. There was also reference to feeling pain in the hands, legs and back, caused by the laborial exercise in conditions not so favorable to the ergonomic necessities for the realization of this activity. From the obtained results, we consider that there is a need to discuss, evaluate and intervene in the working process so that CPR can be better operationalized, with less or no negative impact on the wellbeing of the nursing worker. The change in the working process must involve both the managerial and assistential spheres, on a multidisciplinary level, privileging the practical knowledge of the workers as well. We also recommend the formation and maintenance of reflection groups among health care professionals, especially in Nursing so as to help them better deal with death and acknowledge it as part of the process in Health Care.
59

Suporte básico de vida para leigos: um estudo quase experimental / Basic Life Support for laypeople: an almost experimental study

Jocilene de Carvalho Miraveti 20 December 2016 (has links)
A parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR) é a principal causa de morte em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimentos, ocorrendo principalmente em ambientes extra hospitalares. Frente a esse panorama mundial considerado um problema de saúde pública atual, a capacitação de leigos no Suporte Básico de Vida (SBV) com uso da simulação clínica tem papel relevante para a melhoria das taxas de sobrevivência das vítimas de PCR. Estudo com objetivo de avaliar o conhecimento (teórico) e das habilidades (práticas) de leigos antes e após a sua participação no curso de SBV para leigos submetidos a estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, aula expositivo-dialogada e atividade prática em laboratório de habilidades ou aula simulada no atendimento a PCR/RCP com SBV para leigos. Estudo com delineamento quase experimental, abordagem quantitativa com delineamento tempo-série. A população consistiu dos estudantes do primeiro ao quarto semestre de graduação da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso e a amostra de 104 estudantes que participaram do curso em SBV para leigos em duas etapas. Na etapa I todos os estudantes foram submetidos ao pré teste teórico, à aula expositivo-dialogada seguida de atividade prática em laboratório de habilidades com manequim de média fidelidade e uso do Desfibrilador Externo Automático (DEA), simulação clínica em laboratório utilizando o mesmo manequim e DEA e pós teste teórico imediato. A Etapa II ocorreu de 15 a 20 dias após a primeira e todos os estudantes foram submetidos à simulação clínica em laboratório utilizando o mesmo manequim de média fidelidade e DEA seguido de pós teste teórico mediato. Elaboraram-se os instrumentos de avaliação teórica, cenário de simulação e OSCE - avaliação clínica objetiva e estruturada no cenário de simulação com (checklist), validados em aparência e conteúdo por comitê de juízes. A estratégia de coleta de dados foi o curso de SBV para leigos. Foram avaliados as avaliações teóricas e OSCE (Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado) - avaliação clínica estruturada em Laboratório de Simulação, este último empregando como ferramenta o manequim de média-fidelidade e DEA. A atividade foi filmada e analisada por três avaliadores. Analisaram-se os desfechos nas etapas I e II do curso de SBV para leigos: desempenho teórico nos testes teóricos e práticos no OSCE, tempo de execução total e de cada domínio do OSCE e a qualidade das compressões torácicas externas (CTE) quanto a frequencia e profundidade em 120 segundos de reanimação cardiopulmonar (RCP). Resultados: 86 estudantes eram do sexo feminino e 18 do sexo masculino, a idade média 23,32±6,66 anos. No pré-teste a nota média foi de 3,52±2,03, e a mediana 3,0. No pós-teste imediato (pós 1) a nota média foi 8,01±1,19 (mediana 8,0) e no pós teste mediato (pós 2) foi de 7,41±2,68 (mediana 8,5). Comparando-se as médias obtidas no pré-teste, pós 1 e pós 2 há diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,001) com retenção do conhecimento. Comparando as notas do pós 1 e pós 2 teóricos evidenciou diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,019) com perda do conhecimento no pós 2. A média no OSCE na etapa I (pós 1) foi 3,63±0,30 e na etapa II (pós 2) de 3,63±0,31; comparou-se tais notas verificando-se que não há diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,966). O tempo médio de execução do OSCE no pós 1 foi de 156,96±8,16s e no pós 2 foi de 138,68±43,58s, havendo diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). O domínio de intervenção do OSCE \"Chegada em Cena\" apresentou média 20,78±6,20s no pós 1 e 16,46±4,56s no pós 2, o domínio \"Checar a responsividade\" média de 6,38±3,48s no pós 1 e 5,13±2,36s no pós 2, o domínio \"Usar o DEA\" média de 77,30±14,45s no pós 1 e 66,80±11,44s no pós 2, todos com diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). Avaliando a qualidade das CTE a profundidade média atingida em milímetros (mm) apresentou média de 36,26±9,62 (mediana 35,00) no pós 1 e 39,36±10,96 (mediana 40,00) no pós 2. O nº de CTE média por minuto apresentou média de 116,01±21,72 (mediana 116,00) no pós 1 e 98,94±19,52 (mediana 100,00) no pós 2, o nº total de compressões (CTE) em 120 segundos apresentou média de 227,88±41,81 (mediana 226,00) no pós 1 e 197,31±30,42 (mediana 195,50) no pós 2, o nº de CTE muito superficiais média de 132,20±89,94 (mediana 146,50) no pós 1 e 74,96±75,76 (mediana 53,00) no pós 2, todos com diferenças estatisticamente significante (p<0,001). Já o nº de CTE incompletas apresentou média de 25,09±56,95 (mediana 0,00) no pós 1 e 14,51±35,45 (mediana 0,00) no pós 2 com diferença estatisticamente significante (p=0,012). No presente estudo, apesar de diferentes estratégias de ensino abordarem o SBV para leigos, os resultados demonstram que as mesmas foram eficazes e os objetivos de aprendizagem foram alcançados, pois houve incremento nas notas obtidas nos pós-testes e no OSCE tanto na etapa I quanto na etapa II em relação ao conhecimento prévio e habilidades, porém houve perda da retenção de conhecimento e habilidade de 15 a 20 dias após o curso de SBV para leigos o que reforça a necessidade da capacitação permanente / Cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in developed and developing countries, and mainly occurs in non-hospital environments. With this global scenario, which is considered a present public health problem, training laypeople in Basic Life Support (BLS) with clinical simulation has an important role in improving survival rate of the cardiac arrest victims. This present study aims to evaluate the knowledge (theoretical) and skills (practical) of laypeople before and after the BLS training underwent to teaching and learning strategies, expository and dialogue class and practical activities in skills lab or simulation class in CPR/CPA. This study has an almost experimental, quantitative and time-series approach. The population study is composed of students from the first to fourth semester of Nursing at Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT) and the sample of 104 participants in BLS for laypeople in two steps. In Step 1, all the students had to undergo to the theoretical pretest, expository and dialogue class followed by practical activity in the skills lab with a mid-fidelity manikin and using automated external defibrillator (AED), clinical simulation in the lab using the same manikin and AED and immediate theoretical posttest. Step 2 occurred from the 15th to 20th days after the first one and all the students had to undergo to clinical simulation in the lab using the same mid-fidelity manikin and AED followed by immediate theoretical posttest. It was elaborated theoretical evaluation tools, simulation scenario and OSCE - objective structured clinical examination in the clinical scenario with checklist, validated in aspect and content by a judges committee. The data collection strategy was the BLS for laypeople. It was evaluated the theoretical tests and OSCE (objective structured clinical examination) - clinical examination structured in Simulation Lab, using as tool the mid-fidelity manikin and AED. The activity was filmed and analysed by three evaluators. The outcomes of Step 1 and 2 of BLS for laypeople were analysed: theoretical performance on theoretical and practical tests in OSCE, total execution time, each OSCE realm and the quality of external chest compression (ECC) such as frequency and deepness in 120 seconds of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Outcomes: 86 female and 18 male students, median age 23.32±6.66. Median score in pretest was 3.52±2.03 and the average 3.0. At immediate posttest (post 1) the median was 8.01±1.19 (average = 8.0) and at immediate posttest (post 2) 7.41±2.68 (average = 8.5). Comparing the pretest averages and posttests 1 and 2, there is a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) of knowledge retention. Comparing theoretical posttests 1 and 2 revealed the statistically significant difference (p=0.019) with knowledge loss at posttest 2. Step 1 OSCE average (posttest 1) was 3.63±0.30 and Step 2 (posttest 2) 3.63±0.31; when compared, these scores demonstrated that there is not a statistically significant difference (p=0.966). The OSCE execution time average at posttest 1 was 156,96±8,16 seconds and at posttest 2 138.68±43.58 seconds, which demonstrated statistically significant difference (p<0.001). OSCE intervention realm \"Arrival on the scene\" showed posttest 1 20,78±6,20s and posttest 2 16,46±4,56s averages, the realm \"Check Responsiveness\" had averages of 6,38±3,48s in posttest 1 and 5,13±2,36s in posttest 2, the realm \"Using DEA\" averages of 77,30±14,45s in posttest 1 and posttest 2 of 66,80±11,44s, all of them with statistically significant difference (p<0,001). Evaluating the quality of ECT the reached deepness average in millimeters (mm) resulted 36.26±9.62 (average 35.00) in posttest 1 and 39.36±10.96 (average 40.00) in posttest 2. The number of ECC per minute showed 116.01±21.72 (average 116.00) in posttest 1 and 98.94±19.52 (average 100.00) in posttest 2, the total of compressions (ECC) in 120 seconds showed 227.88±41.81 (average 226.00) and 197.31±30.42 (average 195,50) in posttest 2, the number of surface ECC 132.20±89.94 (average 146.50) and 74.96±75.76 (average 53,00) in posttest 2, all of them with statistically significant difference (p<0,001). In the incomplete ECC showed 25.09±56.95 (average 0,00) in posttest 1 and 14.51±35.45 (average 0,00) in posttest 2 with statistically significant difference (p=0,012). In this present study, besides the different teaching strategies approaches for laypeople, the outcomes demonstrate that they were effective and the learning goals reached, since the posttests had higher scores in previous knowledge and skills of steps 1 and 2 of OSCE. However it showed a loss of knowledge and skills retention in 15 to 20 days after the BLS training for laypeople, what demonstrates the need of permanent training
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Avaliação do conhecimento de residentes em enfermagem e medicina acerca da parada e reanimação cardiorrespiratória

GUEDES, Rafaella Satva de Melo Lopes 23 April 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Natalia de Souza Gonçalves (natalia.goncalves@ufpe.br) on 2016-10-10T12:09:38Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissertacao com ficha catalog. -FINAL.pdf: 2508155 bytes, checksum: 7aa6ee49d5f480aea73ef29dd6b7a2d5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-10T12:09:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) dissertacao com ficha catalog. -FINAL.pdf: 2508155 bytes, checksum: 7aa6ee49d5f480aea73ef29dd6b7a2d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-23 / No Brasil, cerca de 200.000 eventos de parada cardiorrespiratória ocorrem por ano e os profissionais mais presentes nesses eventos são enfermeiros e médicos residentes. A assistência qualificada durante a reanimação cardíaca aumenta a taxa de sucesso na ressuscitação. Por isso, é imprescindível que os profissionais mantenham-se aprimorados. A investigação da capacitação profissional é fundamental para que políticas de aperfeiçoamento sejam implantadas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento teórico de residentes em medicina e enfermagem acerca da Parada e Reanimação Cardiorrespiratória. Trata-se de um estudo explicativo, inferencial do tipo transversal realizado em Hospital Universitário. Foram incluídos na pesquisa 101 residentes categorizados nas áreas clínica e cirúrgica: 22 enfermeiros e 79 médicos, os quais responderam a um protocolo estruturado realizado com base na diretriz vigente da American Heart Association de 2010. O trabalho foi realizado durante o período de maio a novembro de 2013. O EPI INFO foi utilizado para construção do banco de dados com verificação de fidedignidade e o SPSS para análise descritiva e analítica. Foram utilizados os testes T-student, Qui-quadrado e o teste da ANOVA. Para tal foram consideradas o nível de significância de 5%. Como resultado, a dissertação originou dois artigos, um de revisão integrativa e um original. A revisão integrativa abordou a análise do conhecimento dos médicos e enfermeiros sobre parada e reanimação cardiorrespiratória nos artigos publicados entre 2008 e janeiro de 2013. O artigo original avaliou o conhecimento dos residentes em enfermagem e medicina sobre parada e reanimação cardiorrespiratória em hospital universitário. Este demonstrou deficiência em pontos importantes da reanimação cardiorrespiratória. A maioria dos profissionais (71,3%) nunca realizou aprimoramento em Parada e Reanimação Cardíaca. 87,3% dos médicos desconhecem a conduta prioritária após compressões torácicas. 71,3% indicam soco precordial inadequadamente e 40,6% não sabem a carga recomendada no desfibrilador bifásico. Mesmo as médias não sendo elevadas, a avaliação dos profissionais foi superior do que nas publicações encontradas. Além disso, o desempenho foi melhor nos profissionais que realizaram curso de suporte avançado de vida em cardiologia e nos que tiveram contato mais recente com parada cardíaca. Sugerem-se programas de aprimoramento nos hospitais para treinar os profissionais no reconhecimento da parada cardíaca e ressuscitação cardiopulmonar. / In Brazil , nearly two hundred thousand cardiopulmonary arrest events occur annually and professionals present in these events are more nurses and medical residents. The skilled assistance during cardiac resuscitation increases the success rate of resuscitation. Therefore, it is imperative that professionals keep themselves upgraded. Research the job training is essential for improving policies are deployed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the theoretical knowledge of residents in medicine and nursing about Cardiac arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. This is an explanatory, inferential cross-sectional study conducted at a university hospital. 101 categorized in clinical and surgical areas residents were included in the study: 22 nurses and 79 doctors who responded to a structured protocol developed based on current guideline from the American Heart Association, 2010, applied the technique of questionnaire. The EPI INFO was used to build the database to check for reliability and SPSS for descriptive and analytical analysis. The T-student, Qui-quadrado test and ANOVA tests were used. Variables were considered statistically significant with a level of significance was 5%. As a result the dissertation yielded two articles, one integrative review and an original. The integrative review approached the analysis of knowledge of doctors and nurses about cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in articles published between 2008 and january 2013. The original article assesses the knowledge of residents in nursing and medicine for cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a university hospital. This demonstrated deficiency in important points of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and even the means not being high, the evaluation of professionals was higher than that found in the publications. Moreover, the performance was better in the professionals who underwent a support advanced cardiac life and who had more recent contact with cardiac arrest. It is suggested improvement programs in hospitals to train professionals in recognition of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Creation of improvement programs in hospitals is suggested to train professionals in recognition of cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

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