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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
111

The development of quality indicators for Taiwanese institutional dementia care

Lin, Che-Ying January 2010 (has links)
This study is a mixed-method study that seeks to develop a set of institutional dementia care indicators to evaluate quality of care and inform the improvement of quality of life (QOL) for Taiwanese people with dementia living in care homes. It also uses comparative analysis to compare the different features of policy and its delivery in dementia care between Scotland and Taiwan, a comparison designed to aid the development of dementia care policy, and the establishment of quality indicators for institutional dementia care, in Taiwan. This study employed the person-centred care approach at the micro perspective, and the total quality management (TQM) approach at the macro perspective, in order to inform a seamless care model for people with dementia living in care homes. Data were collected in two stages: comments from experts in dementia care were recorded in an exercise using “Delphi” methodology; subsequently the opinions of service receivers were recorded in a fieldwork exercise. The Delphi exercise (stage one) acted as the pre-test, involving 24 experts in dementia care in Scotland and Taiwan in evaluating the usefulness and applicability of proposed quality indicators for institutional dementia care. Quantitative and qualitative data from the Delphi panel were analyzed. The fieldwork (stage two) collected 237 questionnaires (from 122 residents with dementia and 115 family members) in 14 Taiwanese care homes for people with dementia (including special care units within care homes). The field test data were analyzed using reliability and item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and descriptive and inferential statistics. Initially, 43 proposed quality indicators for institutional dementia care were identified through literature review. However, after two Delphi rounds, only six key dimensions (41 quality indicators) were identified by consensus as the important items for use in measurement of quality of care for people with dementia living in Taiwanese care homes. Through reliability and item analysis, and CFA, this research developed a model which is a three-factor structure (social care, health and personal care, and environment) with 18 quality indicators. The 18 quality indicators have high reliability, validity, and credibility and load onto a second order factor which represents quality of care for people with dementia living in care homes. Further analysis was then conducted to explore how relative ratings on these three factors differed according to measured characteristics of the residents and their family members. In general, only a few strong patterns of difference emerged and multiple linear regression analysis suggested that differences in ratings could not be attributed to influences of socio-economic and socio-demographic differences between respondents. The study concludes that the Delphi method could be used as a methodology for health services research to integrate the opinions of multidisciplinary dementia experts and that CFA is an effective technique to study the empirical factor structure. The findings suggest that the 18 quality indicators could be suitable criteria for people with dementia and their family members to evaluate care quality and select an appropriate care home. The indicators also have important policy implications for the Taiwanese Government and regulations intended to ensure that care homes meet the requirements of service receivers.
112

A Comparison of Prior Health Care Experience to Successful Relocation in Long-Term Care

Tickle, Eugenia Hendricks, 1937- 08 1900 (has links)
The problem of this study is to compare prior health care experience with satisfactory adjustment in a long-term care facility. Both quantity and quality of prior experience in a health care facility are examined in terms of the significance to successful relocation. Demographic data and perceived control of health are examined in relation to significance of the findings.
113

Identifying descriptions of quality nursing care shared by nurse and patient in the acute care hospital environment

Unknown Date (has links)
Nursing care is considered a primary predictor of patient assessment of the overall hospital experience. Yet, quality nursing care remains difficult to define. Limited research about nurse or patient perspectives on what constitutes quality nursing care in hospital settings prevents the identification of a shared description or insight into their possible interrelationship. Research about nurse and patient descriptions is needed to establish behaviors, attributes, and activities associated with quality nursing care to improve the health and well-being of hospitalized patients. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2015. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
114

Comparação de índices de avaliação da assistência pré- natal em base de dados nacional: uma análise com modelagem de equações estruturais / Access and Evaluation Health Care Quality Prenatal Care Risk Factors Structural Equation Modeling

Ferreira, Matheus Souza 22 February 2018 (has links)
Introdução: A assistência pré-natal adequada é importante para redução da morbimortalidade materna e perinatal, identificando fatores que possam colocar a gestante e o feto frente a maior risco de resultados adversos. A avaliação da adequação da assistência pré-natal se faz por meio de diferentes medidas que envolvem o acompanhamento, acesso e qualidade da assistência. Objetivo: Comparar resultados de diferentes índices de inadequação da assistência pré-natal, como desfechos, em modelos de equações estruturais a partir de um modelo teórico de fatores de risco. Métodos: O estudo empregou dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013, que contou com 1.851 mães que fizeram o último parto entre 2011 e 2013, representando 3.818.936 mulheres, a partir de amostragem complexa. Foram utilizados modelos de equações estruturais para a parte de mensuração das variáveis latentes envolvidas no modelo teórico e modelagem de fatores de risco para a inadequação da assistência. Medidas de ajuste foram empregadas para avaliar os modelos. Resultados: Quatro índices foram considerados para estimar a variável de inadequação da assistência pré-natal. A Vulnerabilidade Socioeconômica esteve fortemente associada ao desfecho inadequação do pré-natal e outras covariáveis das dimensões psicossociais e biológicas. Efeitos de hipertensão foram identificados para alguns desfechos. A presença de doenças crônicas influenciou a autoavaliação de saúde, porém esse não apresentou efeito sobre o desfecho. Modelos com e sem peso amostral apresentaram resultados distintos. Conclusão: O aspecto socioeconômico deve ser considerado quando se avalia a inadequação da assistência pré-natal. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que diferentes caminhos causais podem estar associados a diversos aspectos da assistência. / Introduction: The adequate prenatal care is important to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, identifying factors that may put the pregnant woman and the fetus at greater risk of adverse outcomes. The assessment of the adequacy of prenatal care is done through different measures that involve the monitoring, access and quality of care. Objective: Compare results of different indices of inadequacy of prenatal care, as outcomes, in structural equation models from a theoretical model for risk factors. Methods: The study used data from the Brazilian 2013 National Health Survey (PNS), with a sample of 1,851 mothers who had their last births between 2011 and 2013, representing 3,818,936 women, applying the complex sampling weight. Structural equation models were employed for the measurement of the latent variables involved in the theoretical model and for the modeling of risk factors for the inadequacy of the assistance. Fit indices were used to evaluate the models. Results: Four indices were considered to estimate the variable of inadequacy of prenatal care. Socioeconomic Vulnerability was strongly associated with the inadequate outcome of prenatal care and other covariates of the psychosocial and biological dimensions. Effects of hypertension were identified for some outcomes. The presence of chronic diseases influenced the health self-assessment, but had no effect on the outcome. Models with and without sample weight presented different results. Conclusion: The socioeconomic aspects should be considered when assessing the inadequacy of prenatal care. The results suggest that different causal pathways may be associated with different aspects of care.
115

Text Mining and Topic Modeling for Social and Medical Decision Support

Unknown Date (has links)
Effective decision support plays vital roles in people's daily life, as well as for professional practitioners such as health care providers. Without correct information and timely derived knowledge, a decision is often suboptimal and may result in signi cant nancial loss or compromises of the performance. In this dissertation, we study text mining and topic modeling and propose to use text mining methods, in combination with topic models, to discover knowledge from texts popularly available from a wide variety of sources, such as research publications, news, medical diagnose notes, and further employ discovered knowledge to assist social and medical decision support. Examples of such decisions include hospital patient readmission prediction, which is a national initiative for health care cost reduction, academic research topics discovery and trend modeling, and social preference modeling for friend recommendation in social networks etc. To carry out text mining, our research, in Chapter 3, first emphasizes on single document analyzing to investigate textual stylometric features for user pro ling and recognition. Our research confirms that by using properly designed features, it is possible to identify the authors who wrote the article, using a number of sample articles written by the author as the training data. This study serves as the base to assert that text mining is a powerful tool for capturing knowledge in texts for better decision making. In the Chapter 4, we advance our research from single documents to documents with interdependency relationships, and propose to model and predict citation relationship between documents. Given a collection of documents with known linkage relationships, our research will discover e ective features to train prediction models, and predict the likelihood of two documents involving a citation relationships. This study will help accurately model social network linkage relationships, and can be used to assist e ective decision making for friend recommendation in social networking, and reference recommendation in scienti c writing etc. In the Chapter 5, we advance a topic discovery and trend prediction principle to discover meaningful topics from a set of data collection, and further model the evolution trend of the topic. By proposing techniques to discover topics from text, and using temporal correlation between trend for prediction, our techniques can be used to summarize a large collection of documents as meaningful topics, and further forecast the popularity of the topic in a near future. This study can help design systems to discover popular topics in social media, and further assist resource planning and scheduling based on the discovered topics and the their evolution trend. In the Chapter 6, we employ both text mining and topic modeling to the medical domain for effective decision making. The goal is to discover knowledge from medical notes to predict the risk of a patient being re-admitted in a near future. Our research emphasizes on the challenge that re-admitted patients are only a small portion of the patient population, although they bring signficant financial loss. As a result, the datasets are highly imbalanced which often result in poor accuracy for decision making. Our research will propose to use latent topic modeling to carryout localized sampling, and combine models trained from multiple copies of sampled data for accurate prediction. This study can be directly used to assist hospital re-admission assessment for early warning and decision support. The text mining and topic modeling techniques investigated in the dissertation can be applied to many other domains, involving texts and social relationships, towards pattern and knowledge based e ective decision making. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection
116

Comparação de índices de avaliação da assistência pré- natal em base de dados nacional: uma análise com modelagem de equações estruturais / Access and Evaluation Health Care Quality Prenatal Care Risk Factors Structural Equation Modeling

Matheus Souza Ferreira 22 February 2018 (has links)
Introdução: A assistência pré-natal adequada é importante para redução da morbimortalidade materna e perinatal, identificando fatores que possam colocar a gestante e o feto frente a maior risco de resultados adversos. A avaliação da adequação da assistência pré-natal se faz por meio de diferentes medidas que envolvem o acompanhamento, acesso e qualidade da assistência. Objetivo: Comparar resultados de diferentes índices de inadequação da assistência pré-natal, como desfechos, em modelos de equações estruturais a partir de um modelo teórico de fatores de risco. Métodos: O estudo empregou dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013, que contou com 1.851 mães que fizeram o último parto entre 2011 e 2013, representando 3.818.936 mulheres, a partir de amostragem complexa. Foram utilizados modelos de equações estruturais para a parte de mensuração das variáveis latentes envolvidas no modelo teórico e modelagem de fatores de risco para a inadequação da assistência. Medidas de ajuste foram empregadas para avaliar os modelos. Resultados: Quatro índices foram considerados para estimar a variável de inadequação da assistência pré-natal. A Vulnerabilidade Socioeconômica esteve fortemente associada ao desfecho inadequação do pré-natal e outras covariáveis das dimensões psicossociais e biológicas. Efeitos de hipertensão foram identificados para alguns desfechos. A presença de doenças crônicas influenciou a autoavaliação de saúde, porém esse não apresentou efeito sobre o desfecho. Modelos com e sem peso amostral apresentaram resultados distintos. Conclusão: O aspecto socioeconômico deve ser considerado quando se avalia a inadequação da assistência pré-natal. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que diferentes caminhos causais podem estar associados a diversos aspectos da assistência. / Introduction: The adequate prenatal care is important to reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, identifying factors that may put the pregnant woman and the fetus at greater risk of adverse outcomes. The assessment of the adequacy of prenatal care is done through different measures that involve the monitoring, access and quality of care. Objective: Compare results of different indices of inadequacy of prenatal care, as outcomes, in structural equation models from a theoretical model for risk factors. Methods: The study used data from the Brazilian 2013 National Health Survey (PNS), with a sample of 1,851 mothers who had their last births between 2011 and 2013, representing 3,818,936 women, applying the complex sampling weight. Structural equation models were employed for the measurement of the latent variables involved in the theoretical model and for the modeling of risk factors for the inadequacy of the assistance. Fit indices were used to evaluate the models. Results: Four indices were considered to estimate the variable of inadequacy of prenatal care. Socioeconomic Vulnerability was strongly associated with the inadequate outcome of prenatal care and other covariates of the psychosocial and biological dimensions. Effects of hypertension were identified for some outcomes. The presence of chronic diseases influenced the health self-assessment, but had no effect on the outcome. Models with and without sample weight presented different results. Conclusion: The socioeconomic aspects should be considered when assessing the inadequacy of prenatal care. The results suggest that different causal pathways may be associated with different aspects of care.
117

Percepção dos usuários idosos sobre os serviços de saúde nas unidades básicas de saúde a partir do PMAQ

Martins, Valéria Feijó January 2017 (has links)
Com o crescente número de idosos na população mundial surgem preocupações referentes a políticas que acomodem as particularidades desta população. Foi a partir desse crescimento populacional que surgiram novas políticas de saúde para a população idosa. Atualmente, revela-se uma necessidade de avaliar estas políticas. As informações são limitadas nos sistemas de informação de saúde e estão disponíveis somente dados de notificações obrigatórias. O Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB) pode representar o inicio de um ciclo, instituindo a avaliação da atenção básica no país, para realizar um planejamento com melhores ações e condições de ampliação do serviço. Essa pesquisa busca analisar a percepção dos usuários idosos sobre os serviços de saúde prestados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde a partir da avaliação do PMAQ-AB. Como objetivos específicos a) descrever as características sociodemográficas e presença de doenças de usuários idosos que utilizam os serviços de saúde nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde no Brasil e suas regiões; b) verificar a percepção de usuários idosos quanto aos serviços de saúde prestados nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde no Brasil. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal. Como amostra utilizou as entrevistas do módulo de avaliação externa do segundo ciclo do PMAQ respondidas por usuários com 60 anos ou mais, totalizando 26.746 usuários idosos. Os serviços de saúde foram avaliados como acessíveis pelos usuários idosos, sendo utilizados conforme suas demandas de saúde. Os idosos estão em maior concentração nas regiões sudeste e nordeste do país; como maioria são mulheres brancas e pardas com escolaridade de ensino fundamental que não trabalham. A hipertensão e a diabetes são acometimentos presentes. O acesso as unidade de saúde é facilitado pela proximidade dos domicílios e o horário de atendimento é suficiente. Uma das formas de atendimento é a marcação das consultas, porém nem sempre possível para o mesmo dia, mas a equipe busca resolver os problemas apresentados pelos usuários. As equipes estão organizadas, realizando os encaminhamentos necessários. Praticamente todos os usuários recebem a visita dos agentes comunitários e levam o tratamento até a sua conclusão. Os cuidados ofertados pelo sistema de saúde estão de acordo com as políticas contemporâneas de saúde, que indicam buscar a recuperação da saúde, estabilização e prevenção das doenças. Isso mostra que os serviços estão atendendo as necessidades de saúde da população idosa. / With the increasing number of elderly people in the world population arise concerns about policies that accommodate the particularities of this population. From this population growth that new health policies emerged for the elderly population. Currently needs to evaluate these policies. The National Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) can represent the beginning of a cycle, instituting the evaluation of basic care in the country, to carry out a plan with better actions and conditions for expansion of the service. This research seeks to analyze the perception of the elderly users about the health services provided in the Basic Health Units from the evaluation of the PMAQ-AB. As specific objectives a) to describe the sociodemographic characteristics and presence of diseases of elderly users who use the health services in the Basic Health Units in Brazil and its regions; b) to verify the perception of elderly users regarding the health services provided in the Basic Health Units in Brazil. For this, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. The sample was the interviews of the external evaluation module of the second cycle of the PMAQ answered by users aged 60 years or more, totaling 26,746 elderly users. The health services were evaluated as accessible by the elderly users, being used according to their health demands The elderly are more concentrated in the southeastern and northeastern regions of the country; The majority of whom are white and grizzly women with elementary school education who do not work. Hypertension and diabetes are present complications. Access to the health unit is facilitated by the proximity of the homes and the hours of care are sufficient. One of the forms of service is the marking of appointments, but not always possible for the same day, but the team seeks to solve the problems presented by users. The teams are organized, making the necessary referrals. Practically all users are visited by community agents and take the treatment to completion. The care offered by the health system is in accordance with the contemporary health policies, which indicate the recovery of health, stabilization and prevention of diseases. This shows that services are meeting the health needs of the elderly population.
118

Gestão assistencial ao portador de transtorno mental: avaliação de necessidades cuidativas e carga de trabalho

Mukai, Helena Ayako 08 May 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 helenaayakomukai_dissert.pdf: 6852127 bytes, checksum: a5131615278936863e837f975418aa5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-08 / Introduction: Knowledge on hospitalized patients nursing care demands and the nursing team s workload permit implementing changes in the care process and in care management. Aims: This study aimed to: 1- Identify the sociodemographic and epidemiological profile of patients with mental disorders; 2- Assess their nursing care needs and, 3- Measure the mean number of care hours delivered and the nursing team s workload. Sample and Method: This descriptive and retrospective research (2006-2010) was conducted at a public neuropsychiatric hospital in the Brazilian Southeast. In this study, 105 mental disorder patients were examined through the application of a patient classification instrument. For statistical treatment, Main Components Analysis, Variance Analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni s adjustment were used. Results: Hospitalization times of up to 15 years were predominant, with 84 (80%), schizophrenia diagnoses 50 (47.7%) and patients in the discrete care category (73.3%). The nursing/bed index ranged from 0.22 to 0.48, and the nurse/bed index from 0.06 to 0.13; the mean number of care hours from 0.57 to 0.88 (nurses) and from 1.97 to 3.16 (nursing auxiliaries) and the workload from 119.6 to 183 hours. Conclusion: The researchers hope these research results can contribute to the elaboration of mental health policies and equip managers for decision-making and the establishment of action strategies aimed at care planning and quantitative/qualitative staff adjustments. / Resumo:Introdução: O conhecimento da demanda de cuidados em relação à enfermagem de pacientes internados e carga de trabalho da equipe possibilitam implementar mudanças no processo de assistir e no gerenciamento da assistência. Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivos: 1- Identificar o perfil sóciodemográfico e epidemiológico de pacientes com transtornos mentais; 2- Avaliar suas necessidades cuidativas em relação à enfermagem e, 3- Mensurar as horas médias de assistência dispensadas e a carga de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem. Casuística e Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, retrospectiva (2006-2010) conduzida em hospital neuro psiquiátrico público localizado na região sudeste do Brasil. Foram investigados 105 pacientes portadores de transtorno mental mediante aplicação de instrumento de classificação de pacientes. O tratamento estatístico foi realizado por meio de Análise de Componentes Principais, Análise de Variância, teste de Kruskal-Wallis e ajuste de Bonferroni. Resultados: Houve predomínio de tempo de internação até 15 anos 84(80%), diagnóstico de esquizofrenia 50(47,7%) e pacientes na categoria de cuidados discreta (73,3%). A relação enfermagem/leito variou de 0,22 a 0,48 e a enfermeiro/leito de 0,06 a 0,13; as horas médias de assistência de 0,57 a 0,88 (enfermeiros) e de 1,97 a 3,16 (auxiliares de enfermagem) e a carga de trabalho de 119,6 a 183 horas. Conclusão: Almeja-se que os resultados dessa investigação possam contribuir na elaboração de políticas de saúde mental e instrumentalizar o gestor na tomada de decisão e estabelecimento de xiii estratégias de ação voltadas ao planejamento da assistência e ajuste quanti/qualitativo de pessoal.
119

A Nurse-Led Evidence-Based Quality Improvement Program on Childhood Obesity Prevention

Ciocson, Ana Flor Rasonabe 01 January 2018 (has links)
The increased prevalence rate of childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia is a nationwide health issue. The doctoral project was instituted in the pediatric out-patient clinic (POPC) of a tertiary university hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Child obesity clinic and clinical practice guideline (CPG) for primary prevention were not available in the pediatric outpatient clinic with a high incidence of newly diagnose obese children. The focus of this doctoral project was to improve the clinical nursing practice of POPC nurses through the adoption of CPG on primary prevention of childhood obesity. The knowledge translation into action framework provided a summary of descriptive series of ideal CPG implementation steps in POPC. The search for published CPGs was taken from DynaMed, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guideline International Network, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. There were 2 tools applied for analysis and synthesis. First, the appraisal of guidelines for research and evaluation II instrument was used to assess the quality of the guidelines. Second, the BARRIERS' scale was used to assess the extent of nurses' perception of barriers in CPG utilization. The 1st findings from this study revealed that RNAO CPG was the best and high-quality CPG over the Endocrine Society and the Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement CPGs. The 2nd findings showed that most of the nurses perceived BARRIERS to utilization towards on the unclear implications of the CPG in their daily nursing practice. Hence, one of the vital recommendations was to have CPG awareness and education before the implementation. Overall, the doctoral project contributed to positive social change through guidelines, policies, and protocol provision for childhood obesity prevention in similar settings.
120

A Study of Quality Management in Health Care-Vital Signs Monitoring Process at ICU

Chow, Kim-Jean 19 July 2000 (has links)
Total quality management (TQM) approach is often used to carry out company-wide continuous quality improvement plans in manufacturing and service industries. Similarly, TQM can also play a critical role for quality management in health care. Aiming to improve health care quality, experiences showed that major problems of non-patient care, patient records and vital signs monitoring are encountered. In this study, we aim to introduce TQM for quality improvement for intensive care unit (ICU) operations, including some solutions and the prototype of quality management. And vital signs monitoring at ICU is taken as an example of process. For quality improvement of non-patient care, Health Care Quality Development Life Cycle, including (1) quality requirement analysis, (2) quality specification review, (3) quality design, (4) quality implementation, (5) quality testing, (6) quality maintaining, and (7) quality validation, is discussed. The prototype of the first three phases for quality improvement at ICU is explored. Through quality requirement analysis, non-patient care quality at ICU is defined in areas of administration, facility and environment. For quality improvement of patient records maintaining, firstly, scope of health care information systems is categorized as administrative operational system, decision support system, clinical information system, and medical information system. According to this categorization and experience, some interesting result is found. For instance, the current applications of information systems for teaching hospitals in southern Taiwan surveyed are that most applications are administrative and clinical. And the essential information of patient records used in each information system is not complete or not easily accessed. Model of the patient record maintaining is introduced and the prototype design of patient records is recommended for quality improvement of patient records maintaining at ICU. To improve quality of vital signs monitoring is one essential requirement and specification for ICU quality improvement. Effective outcome measures of vital signs monitoring and early detecting of abnormal vital signs is considered important. For quality improvement of vital signs monitoring at ICU, heart rate graphs are taken as examples in our study through the heart rate graphs monitoring. Health professionals can understand the interactions of human autonomic nervous system. By use of digitizer, the computable heart rate data is acquired from each graph and grouped into mortality and near-to-normal cases. Then spectrum form of heart rate data, describing more about heart function, is used for statistical analysis. Several control chart methods have been experimented to detect small heart rate shifts from target, cumulative sum control chart (Cusum) is adopted in our study. The observable variable is the patient¡¦s heart rate, the purpose is to check the alarms pointed out by Cusum that could be partially be ascribed to changes of heart rate trend over time, and to a shift in the monitoring process mean. From summaries of nonconformities in the Cusum charts, mortality cases obviously have more nonconformities. It is obvious that Cusum control charts of mortality cases provide diagnostic information for vital signs monitoring process. In addition, Cusum charts may also inform ICU professionals that there is a small shift of patient heart rate, a continuously increasing or decreasing heart rate, and the adjustment of sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve. In those cases, some special care is needed.

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