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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

Avaliação da qualidade dos procedimentos de enfermagem - banho e curativo - segundo o grau de dependência assistencial dos pacientes internados em um Hospital Universitário / Evaluation of nursing procedures quality - bathing and wound dressing - according to care dependency level of hospitalized patients of an University Hospital

Nonino, Eleine Aparecida Penha Martins 16 October 2006 (has links)
A qualidade dos serviços desenvolvidos por uma instituição de saúde depende muito da competência técnica e da habilidade de interação e comunicação de seus trabalhadores para com o usuário. As intervenções técnicas realizadas pela equipe de enfermagem requerem avaliações permanentes face aos riscos que comportam. Este estudo, observacional e seccional, analisou a qualidade e o tempo de execução dos procedimentos, banho e curativo, realizados pela equipe de enfermagem em pacientes internados na unidade médico-cirúrgica de um Hospital Universitário no estado do Paraná, tomando por referência o grau de dependência assistencial desta clientela. A população alvo foi constituída dos seguintes procedimentos: banho, em três tipologias (aspersão, aspersão com auxílio de cadeira de banho e banho no leito) e curativos executados em pacientes classificados segundo grau de dependência da assistência de enfermagem (I, II, III e IV). A amostragem para ambos os procedimentos foi por conveniência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observação direta com a utilização de um instrumento tipo check list (lista de verificação). A qualidade dos procedimentos foi analisada com base no Índice de Positividade (IP) para cada item do instrumento e no escore de acertos, obtidos em cada procedimento; o tempo de execução foi avaliado em minutos. A qualidade da execução do procedimento foi considerada satisfatória quando a mediana do IP e do escore mediano de acertos fosse ? 70%. Foram observados 258 banhos de aspersão (42,6% grau I, 42,6% grau II e 14,8% grau III); 98 de aspersão com auxílio de cadeira de banho (12,5% grau I, 26,5% grau II, 54,1% grau III e 7,1% grau IV) e 46 banhos no leito (4,3% grau I, 37% grau III e 58,7% grau IV). O IP superou 70% apenas no banho de aspersão com auxílio de cadeira de banho em pacientes classificados no grau IV e no banho no leito no grau I. Os itens mais comprometidos estão relacionados à orientação/comunicação/interação com o paciente, higiene oral, desinfecção concorrente do leito, inspeção das condições da pele e valorização das queixas do paciente. Os resultados obtidos nos scores medianos de acertos nas três tipologias de banho, nos quatro graus de dependência também evidenciaram baixa qualidade, uma vez que somente no banho de aspersão com auxílio de cadeira de banho, grau IV e banho no leito grau I, 50% dos procedimentos alcançaram scores de até 80% e 76,5% de acertos, respectivamente. No procedimento curativo dos 168 observados, 33,9% foram em pacientes de grau I, 38,7% de grau II, 19,6% de grau III e 7,8% de grau IV. Em todos os graus de dependência, alcançou-se o índice de positividade total recomendado (? 70%). Entretanto, itens como preparo adequado do ambiente, conferência do prazo de validade dos materiais, respeito aos princípios de assepsia e manutenção da seqüência lógica do procedimento mostram baixa positividade. Os scores medianos de acertos foram superiores a 70% em todos os graus de dependência, indicando que o procedimento atende um padrão de qualidade. Tanto nos banhos como nos curativos não foram observadas diferenças no tempo despendido entre os diferentes graus de dependência. / The quality of services offered by a health institution depends greatly on worker?s technical competence and interaction and communication abilities towards the client. Technical interventions performed by the nursing team require permanent evaluations of the risks involved. This observational and sectional study analyzed quality and time of execution of bathing and wound dressing procedures performed by the nursing team on hospitalized patients in a medical-surgical unit of a University Hospital in the State of Paraná, based on care dependency degrees of these clients. Target population was constituted by the following procedures: bathing, in three typologies (shower bath, shower bath with aid of a wheel chair and bed bath) and changing wound dressings on patients classified according to the nursing care dependency degree (I,II,III and IV). Convenience sampling was employed for both procedures. Data was collected through direct observation while using a check list instrument for documentation (verifying list). Procedure quality was analyzed based on the Positive Index (IP) for each item on the instrument and on the correct procedures score; execution time was evaluated in minutes. Quality of procedure execution was considered satisfactory when the IP median and the median correct procedure score was ? 70%. In this study 258 aspersion baths (42,6% degree I, 42,6& degree II and 14,8% degree III); 98 shower baths aided by wheel chair (12,5% degree I, 26,5% degree II, 54,1% degree III and 7,1% degree IV) and 46 bed baths (4,3% degree I, 37% degree III and 58,7% degree IV). The IP surpassed 70% only in the shower bath with aid of a wheel chair on patients classified as degree IV and on bed bath, degree I. The most frequently compromised items were related to orientation/communication/interaction with the patient, oral hygiene, bed disinfection, skin condition inspection and valuing patient complaints. Results obtained on the median of the correct procedures scores on the three bathing typologies, on the four dependency degrees also highlight low quality, because only in the shower bath with aid of a wheel chair, degree IV, and bed bath, degree I, 50% of the procedures reached 80% and 76,5% correct procedure scores, respectively. In the observed wound dressing procedures of the 168 patients, 33,9% were patients of degree I, 38,7% of degree II, 19,6% of degree III and 7,8% of degree IV. In all dependency degrees the recommended positivity index was reached (? 70%). Items such as adequate environment preparation, validity time frame checking, respect to aseptic principles and maintenance of procedure?s logical sequence, however, show low positivity. Medium scores were also superior to 70% in all dependency levels, indicating that the procedure meets a quality standard. It was not observed difference on time frame spent in the different dependency degrees in bathing and wound dressing procedures.
82

Qualidade da assistência de enfermagem em medicina diagnóstica na percepção da equipe de enfermagem de uma instituição privada / Quality of the nursing care in diagnostic medicine according to the perception of the nursing team in a private institution

Garzin, Ana Cláudia Alcântara 25 March 2011 (has links)
Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento exploratório-descritivo, cujos objetivos foram analisar a percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de uma empresa de medicina diagnóstica acerca da qualidade da assistência de enfermagem prestada, considerando-se as dimensões de estrutura, processo e resultado e conhecer os fatores intervenientes na qualidade dessa assistência sob a ótica dos trabalhadores de enfermagem. A população foi constituída por 203 profissionais de enfermagem de uma empresa de medicina diagnóstica. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de maio e junho de 2010, por meio de um questionário, empregando-se a escala de Likert. Os dados foram analisados em função dos índices percentuais e testes estatísticos específicos. O instrumento de coleta de dados mostrou-se confiável, obtendo-se o Alpha de Cronbach igual a 0,90. Na caracterização dos sujeitos, foi verificado que 55% eram auxiliares de enfermagem, 36% técnicos de enfermagem e 9% enfermeiros; 83% pertenciam ao sexo feminino e 17% ao sexo masculino, com idade média de 34,1 anos e, em média, 10,8 anos de formação e 6,6 anos de atuação na instituição. Na dimensão de estrutura, os participantes demonstraram percepção favorável aos aspectos que envolveram os materiais, equipamentos, mobiliário, disponibilização dos equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs), capacitação da equipe e a existência de protocolos referentes à segurança do usuário, porém não houve clareza na tendência acerca do quantitativo de trabalhadores e adequação da área física. Em processo, os itens com melhores percentuais relacionaram-se ao cumprimento das ações e orientações que evitam as não conformidades e riscos ao usuário; quanto aos piores resultados nessa dimensão, o desperdício de tempo devido às distâncias percorridas na área física da instituição foi apontado com maior ênfase. Referente à dimensão de resultado, evidenciou-se maior favorabilidade relacionada à atitude ética dos trabalhadores e à satisfação dos profissionais com a qualidade do atendimento. Na comparação das três dimensões, a melhor avaliada foi a de resultado com escore de 59,0 (dp±10,1) e a pior foi a de processo, 56,8 (dp± 10,3). Acredita-se que este estudo contribua para a reorganização dos pontos vulneráveis nas dimensões avaliadas, sobretudo na de processo, que apresentou menor favorabilidade. / This is about a quantitative study with an exploratory-descriptive shaping, whose objectives were to analyze the perception of the nursing staff of a company of diagnostic medicine about the quality of the nursing care delivered, taking into account the dimensions of structure, process and result and to know the factors which intervene in the quality of this care under the nursing staff\'s view. The population consisted of 203 nursing professionals of a company of diagnostic medicine. The data collection occurred between May and June, 2010, through a questionnaire using the Likert scale. These data were analyzed considering the percentage rates and specific statistic tests. The instrument of data collection turned out to be reliable, obtaining the Cronbach\'s Alpha equal to 0.90. In the characterization of the subjects, it was verified that 55% were nursing assistants, 36% nursing technicians and 9% were graduate nurses. 83% were females and 17%, males, with average age of 34.1 years old and, on average, 10.8 years of nursing experience and 6.6 years working in the institution. In the structure dimension, the participants showed perception favorable to the aspects which involve the materials, equipment, furniture, access to the individual protection equipment (IPE), training of the team and the existence of the protocols related to the user\'s security. However, the tendency about the number of workers and physical area adequacy were not clear. In the process dimension, the items with best percentage rates related to the fulfillment of actions and guidance which avoid the noncompliance and risks to the user; as for the worst results in this dimension, the waste of time due to distances between the physical areas in the institution was pointed out with bigger emphasis. As for the result dimension, the study showed higher favorability to the ethical attitude and the workers satisfaction with the care quality. Comparing the three dimensions, the best assessed one was the result dimension with the score of 59.0 (dp±10.1) and the worst one was the process dimension, 56.8 (dp± 10.3). It is believed that this study may contribute to the reorganization of the vulnerable points in the dimensions assessed, mainly in the process dimension, which showed lower favorability.
83

A qualidade da assistência de enfermagem em uma unidade de emergência de adultos: a percepção do usuário / The quality of nursing care In na emergency care unit of adults: the perception of usuers

Morais, Alexandre Souza 07 May 2009 (has links)
Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, cujo objetivo foi analisar a qualidade da assistência de enfermagem em uma unidade de emergência de adultos de um hospital de ensino, na percepção dos usuários, nas dimensões avaliativas de estrutura, processo e resultado. O estudo foi realizado em um hospital de ensino localizado em um município de grande porte, no interior do Estado de São Paulo. A população foi constituída por 260 participantes e os dados foram coletados no período de agosto a outubro de 2008, através de um questionário, empregando-se a escala Likert. Os dados foram analisados em função dos índices percentuais e testes estatísticos específicos. O instrumento mostrou-se confiável para a população estudada, sendo o valor obtido de Alpha de Cronbach igual a 0,88. Na caracterização dos usuários, verificou-se que 52,7% pertenciam ao sexo masculino, com média de idade de 46,9 anos, sendo que a maior parte dos usuários entrevistados possuía ensino fundamental (54,6%) e médio (30,4%). Na avaliação da dimensão de estrutura buscou-se compreender a relação da assistência de enfermagem com os recursos humanos, materiais, físicos e organizacionais, onde a maioria dos sujeitos mostrou percepção favorável relacionada ao conforto, aos equipamentos, à limpeza dos sanitários, ao acesso à unidade, à sinalização interna e à disponibilidade de medicamentos. Na dimensão de processo foram articulados todos os procedimentos realizados pela equipe de enfermagem e os itens que obtiveram melhores percentuais foram os referentes ao respeito dispensado pela equipe de enfermagem, segurança na realização dos cuidados, procedimentos realizados corretamente e rapidez no atendimento aos usuários em estado grave. Na dimensão de resultado procurou-se retratar o impacto da assistência na saúde dos usuários, onde houve elevada concordância nas questões que tratavam da humanização nos cuidados, melhoria da saúde e com o tratamento executado pela equipe de enfermagem. Na comparação das três dimensões, a que obteve maior escore foi a de resultado com 36,20 (dp± 4,20) e o menor a de estrutura com 33,20 (dp ± 3,80). Frente ao exposto, acredita-se que este estudo possa contribuir para a reformulação dos aspectos avaliados nas três dimensões, sobretudo os de estrutura, por terem apresentado menor favorabilidade / This study aims at assessing the quality of nursing care at an Adult Emergency care unit affiliated with a university hospital, as perceived by its users. A three-component evaluation model was proposed, comprising the users view on the emergency care structure, processes and outcome. The research was carried out in a densely populated city in the state of São Paulo Brazil, between August and October 2008. An exploratory descriptive methodology was chosen within a quantitative framework and a Likert-type scale questionnaire was applied to the 260 patients studied. Reliability was ensured by a 0, 88 Cronbachs Coefficient Alpha. The mean age of the patients was 46,9, 52% of them were male and most had finished elementary school and graduated from high school. The structure component was defined as the articulation between nursing care and human and material resources at the emergency center and its organizational structure; a favorable perception was shown regarding comfort, equipment, cleanliness of lavatories, access to the center, internal signage, and availability of medicines. The process component involved all procedures carried out by the nursing staff; highest scores were given to safety of procedures, accuracy of procedures, promptness in emergency care and respect towards patients. The outcome component was concerned with the impact of nursing intervention in the health of the patients; a positive perception of humanization of care, after-care general health, and the treatment offered by the nursing staff was reported. When the results for all components were tabulated and compared, the component of the result obtained better scores in favorability, with an average of 39.84 (SD ± 4.66) and structure had the worst score, average of 36.48 (SD ± 4.23). The structure component thus deserves a special emphasis for further research. It is hoped this study may offer a contribution towards improved nursing care at the Adult Emergency Unit
84

Percepção da equipe de enfermagem de um hospital de ensino acerca da segurança do paciente / Perception of the nursing staff of a teaching hospital on patient safety

Massoco, Eliana Cristina Peixoto 22 June 2012 (has links)
Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com delineamento exploratório-descritivo, cujos objetivos foram conhecer a percepção dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital de ensino acerca da segurança do paciente, considerando-se as dimensões de cultura de segurança, e identificar os principais fatores que acarretam danos ao paciente na referida instituição. O estudo foi desenvolvido em um hospital público e de ensino, e a população constituída por 95 profissionais de enfermagem. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de maio a outubro de 2011, por meio de um questionário baseado na Agency Health Research Quality, empregando-se a escala de Likert e considerando-se as dez dimensões de cultura de segurança e duas variáveis de resultado: expectativas e ações dos supervisores e gerentes na promoção da segurança do paciente, aprendizado organizacional melhoria contínua, trabalho em equipe no âmbito das unidades, abertura para as comunicações, feedback e comunicação a respeito de erros, respostas não punitivas aos erros, pessoal, apoio da gestão hospitalar para a segurança do paciente, trabalho em equipe pelas unidades hospitalares, transferências internas e passagens de plantão, percepções generalizadas sobre segurança, frequência de relatórios de eventos. Os dados foram analisados em função testes estatísticos específicos. O instrumento de coleta de dados mostrou-se confiável, obtendo-se o Alpha de Cronbach igual a 0,88. Na caracterização dos sujeitos, foi verificado que 65,3% eram auxiliares de enfermagem, 26,3% enfermeiros e 8,4% técnicos de enfermagem; 73,7% do sexo feminino; 67,4% com idade entre 30 e 49 anos e com tempo de formação de 11 a 15 anos. Como principais resultados do estudo, podemos citar que, na dimensão abertura para as comunicações e comunicação a respeito dos erros, o maior índice encontrado foi de 35,8%, que afirmam que às vezes conversam livremente sobre algo que está errado e às vezes têm retorno sobre mudanças implantadas em função de eventos adversos notificados. Em relação à dimensão respostas não punitivas aos erros, 50,5% acreditam que seus erros podem ser usados contra eles; quanto ao número de eventos reportados, 76,8% nunca preencheram um relatório de eventos adversos. As dimensões que apresentaram percepção favorável foram o trabalho em equipe no âmbito das unidades e transferências internas e passagens de plantão, 64,2% consideram que os profissionais colaboram entre si quando há sobrecarga de trabalho e 44,2% afirmam que as informações sobre o cuidado do paciente não se perde com a passagem de plantão. Acreditamos que este estudo possa contribuir para as intervenções necessárias nas dimensões avaliadas e fornecer subsídios para o aprimoramento de processos assistenciais e gerenciais com foco na segurança do paciente / This is a quantitative study with descriptive exploratory design, which aimed to know the perception of nursing staff in a teaching hospital on patient safety, considering the dimensions of safety culture and identify the main factors that cause damage to the patient in that institution. The study was conducted in a public hospital and teaching and a population of 95 nurses. Data collection occurred between the months from May to October 2011, through a questionnaire based on the Agency Health Research Quality, using a Likert scale and considering the ten dimensions of safety culture and two outcome variables: expectations and actions of supervisors and managers in promoting patient safety, organizational learning - continuous improvement, teamwork within units, opening for communication, feedback and communication about error, non-punitive responses to errors, personnel, support hospital management to patient safety, teamwork by hospitals, internal transfers and tickets call, generalized perceptions about safety, frequency of events reported. The data were analyzed according to specific statistical tests. The data collection instrument was reliable, yielding a Cronbach\'s alpha equal to 0.88. The characterization of the subjects, it was found that 65.3% were nursing assistants, nurses 26.3% and 8.4% nursing technicians, 73.7% female, 67.4% aged between 30 and 49 years and training time from 11 to 15 years. As main results, we may mention that the size opening for communication and communication about the errors, the highest rate found was 35.8%, who say that sometimes talk freely about something that is wrong and sometimes has a payoff on changes implemented due to adverse events reported. In relation to the size non-punitive responses to errors, 50.5% believe that their errors can be used against them, on the number of reported events, 76.8% never filled out a report of adverse events. The dimensions that were presented favorable perception teamwork within units and internal transfers and tickets call, 64.2% believe that professionals collaborate with each other when there is extra work and 44.2% say the information about the patient care is not lost with the shift change. We believe this study contributes to the necessary interventions in the dimensions evaluated and provide subsidies for the improvement of care processes and management with a focus on patient safety
85

Understanding Quality of Care in a Hospice Setting

Taylor, Sarah Fese 01 January 2018 (has links)
Assuring quality of care for patients who face the end of life has been a major concern for those in hospice settings. Limited research is available that has a focus on understanding what quality of care in a hospice setting looks like. This research is important to provide insight into hospice health care providers' perceptions of the quality of care in the hospice setting and on the indicators that influence care quality. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to answer the research questions on the perspectives of the health care providers in the hospice care setting regarding the quality of care and the factors that health care providers perceive as important to the quality of care in the hospice setting. Kolcaba's comfort theory served as the theoretical framework that guided the preparation of the questions used for the interviews and for interpreting the findings. Data collection was conducted through structured interviews with a sample of 15 hospice health care providers. Interviews were held in a private office of the hospice setting. After Walden Institutional Review Board approval, participants consented and interviews commenced. Data were transcribed and Nvivo software was used to assist with identifying major themes. Recommendations from the study reflect Kolcaba's comfort theory providing patient-centered care and enhanced quality of care for patients in a hospice setting. The research findings and recommendations will help promote a positive social change by raising awareness for effective provider communication, staffing, education and adequacy of resources in the hospice setting.
86

O suporte à parturiente: a dimensão interpessoal no contexto da assistência ao parto / Supporting the childbearing woman: an interpersonal dimension within the context of childbirth care

Silva, Ana Veronica Rodrigues da 18 October 2004 (has links)
As questões relativas ao parto e sua assistência apresentam-se como problemas relevantes de saúde pública. O enfrentamento das adversidades presentes na assistência à saúde materna tem envolvido diversas iniciativas resultando em avanços em várias direções. Os estudos sobre as práticas assistenciais em saúde vêm tematizando questões como a influência considerável da dimensão relacional na qualidade dos cuidados prestados. Este trabalho aborda tal dimensão no contexto da assistência ao parto. Objetivo: Descrever e analisar pontos de conexão entre as vivências das parturientes durante o trabalho de parto e parto e o suporte oferecido. Aspectos metodológicos: Estudo descritivo, qualitativo, utilizando técnica de entrevista semi-estruturada com parturientes e provedoras de cuidados (doulas) e observação de rotinas em maternidade de São Paulo, em 2004. Resultados: Verificou-se a relevância e a valorização das relações interpessoais no processo da parturição. Processo este referido pelas parturientes como experiência de elevado grau de estresse com vivências de dor, medo, angústia e ansiedade. Identificou-se também disposições subjetivas, entre as doulas, de solicitude, acolhimento e diálogo no exercício de provimento dos cuidados. / Issues related to childbirth and its appropriate care represent a relevant part of the public health concerns. When dealing with the various adversities that appear in the practice of the maternal health care, professionals of the area have launched many initiatives that resulted in advancements in various directions. Studies carried out on health care practices have been focusing questions such as the considerable influence of the dimension of interpersonal relationships on the quality of the services rendered. This paper approaches such dimension in the context of the childbirth care. Hypothesis: the beneficial effects coming from the emotional/psychological support provided for women during labor and birth depend on the quality of the interpersonal relationships established among the agents involved in the situation. Objective: The target of the present study is to describe and analyze the existing connecting points between the childbearing women\' s experiences during labor and birth and the suport they are provided for. Methodological aspects: This paper comprehends a qualitative/descriptive study that uses semi-structured interview techniques among with childbearing women and caregivers (doulas), besides observation of routine practices in maternity hospitals of São Paulo city. Results: Both the relevance and valorization concerning interpersonal relationships during the process of parturition were verified, such process being described by childbearing women as an experience that brings about a high degree of stress, with pain, fear, anguish, and anxiety playing important roles. During the provision of care, subjective dispositions of solicitude, acceptance, and dialogue were also detected among doulas. Final considerations: Data analysis enabled us to consider the intersubjective space of relationships as the point where interlocutions take place, being marked by the listening of the childbearing women\' s demands and the acceptance and reassurance of the processes they are experiencing, thus characterizing it as a resource equivalent to those prescribed as technologies appropriate to the birth care.
87

An exploratory study of an intranet dashboard in a multi-state healthcare system

Wolpin, Seth E. 07 November 2003 (has links)
Introduction: Management of complex systems is facilitated through effective information systems that provide real-time data to decision makers. For example, instrument panels in airplanes ensure that pilots have well-designed feedback concerning the status of mission-critical variables. Problem: While pilots have dashboards for feedback and communication, healthcare executives may be unaware of effective use of evidence-based guidelines within their healthcare system. Purpose: The first objective of this research was to design and implement an automated intranet dashboard reporting performance measures for a geographically dispersed health system. The second objective was to describe how this dashboard might increase cooperation and coordination for individuals and organizations involved with healthcare delivery. Design: This research was exploratory in nature, employing descriptive research approaches. A convenience sample of healthcare executives completed a baseline survey at the start of the study assessing levels of communication and cooperation. After three months of exposure to the dashboard, participants were asked to complete a follow-up survey. All visits to the dashboard were recorded in a web server log file. Semistructured qualitative exit interviews were also conducted to explore reactions to the dashboard, experiences with receiving outcome reports, and barriers to communicating and coordinating with counterparts. Results: Descriptive analysis of paired survey scores found substantial increases on a number of survey items, suggesting that the dashboard contributes toward increased communication and coordination for healthcare executives. This finding is balanced by the limited rigor in the research design and an analysis of the web server log file, which found few visitations to the dashboard by research participants. Qualitative data analysis suggests that current reporting mechanisms are suboptimal for healthcare executives and that one solution is the use of dashboards. Conclusion: This study resulted in a number of important discoveries and avenues for further research. A more rigorous research design is needed to explore the role of intranet dashboards in healthcare settings. / Graduation date: 2004
88

Financial Incentives in Health Care Reform: Evaluating Payment Reform in Accountable Care Organizations and Competitive Bidding in Medicare

Song, Zirui 21 June 2013 (has links)
Amidst mounting federal debt, slowing the growth of health care spending is one of the nation’s top domestic priorities. This dissertation evaluates three current policy ideas: (1) global payment within an accountable care contracting model, (2) physician fee cuts, and (3) expanding the role of competitive bidding in Medicare. Chapter one studies the effect of global payment and pay-for-performance on health care spending and quality in accountable care organizations. I evaluate the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts Alternative Quality Contract (AQC), which was implemented in 2009 with seven provider organizations comprising 380,000 enrollees. Using claims and quality data in a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences design, I find that the AQC was associated with a 1.9 percent reduction in medical spending and modest improvements in quality of chronic care management and pediatric care in year one. Chapter two studies Medicare’s elimination of payments for consultations in the 2010 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule. This targeted fee cut (largely to specialists) was accompanied by a fee increase for office visits (billed more often by primary care physicians). Using claims data for 2.2 million Medicare beneficiaries, I test for discontinuities in spending, volume, and coding of outpatient physician encounters with an interrupted time series design. I find that spending on physician encounters increased 6 percent after the policy, largely due to a coding effect and higher office visit fees. Slightly more than half of the increase was accounted for by primary care physician visits, with the rest by specialist visits. Chapter three examines competitive bidding, which is at the center of several proposals to reform Medicare into a premium support program. In competitive bidding, private plans submit prices (bids) they are willing to accept to insure a Medicare beneficiary. In perfect competition, plans bid costs and thus bids are insensitive to the benchmark. Under imperfect competition, bids may move with the benchmark. I study the effect of benchmark changes on plan bids using Medicare Advantage data in a longitudinal market-level model. I find that a $1 increase in the benchmark leads to about a $0.50 increase in bids among Medicare managed care plans.
89

Sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybės gerinimo galimybės ligoninėje medicinos personalo požiūriu / Health care quality improvement in ukmerge hospital: the perspectives of medical staff

Augustėnienė, Audronė 03 August 2007 (has links)
Darbo tikslas: nustatyti sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybės gerinimo perspektyvas Ukmergės ligoninėje medicinos personalo požiūriu. Tyrimo metodika. Anonimine anketa apklausti visi ligoninėje dirbantys gydytojai ir slaugytojai (n=231). Užpildytas anketas grąžino 187 respondentai (atsako dažnis 76,2 proc.). Anketinių duomenų analizei naudota 10 versijos SPSS for Windows statistinė programa. Ryšiai tarp požymių vertinti Chi kvadrato kriterijumi. Rezultatai. 63,2 proc. medikų žino padalinio kokybės sistemos tikslus, 41,6 proc. medikų susipažinę su ligoninės kokybės tikslais ir tik 11,8 proc. yra iš esmės susipažinę su nacionaliniais sveikatos priežiūros kokybės dokumentais. Pacientų padėkos ir darbo sąlygų pagerinimas, vadovų ir kolegų pripažinimas yra svarbi skatinimo priemonė 76,3 – 61,8 proc. respondentų. Profesionalumas ir nuolatinis tobulėjimas (67,4 proc.) bei asmeninė darbuotojo atsakomybė (67,9 proc.) yra labiausiai puoselėjamos vertybės padaliniuose. 40,9 proc. respondentų mano, jog jų pacientai gali visiškai pasitikėti paslaugomis. Kas antras medikų jaučia aiškų vadovų skatinimą dirbti geriau. Išvados. Medicinos personalo informuotumas apie sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybės gerinimo sistemą yra didžiausias skyriuje. Svarbiausia audito grupės funkcija siejama su planiniais patikrinimais padaliniuose. Didesnė dalis gydytojų nei slaugytojų žino apie audito grupės funkcijas nagrinėti pacientų skundus, rengti dokumentaciją, atlikti tikslinius patikrinimus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The purpose of the study - to determine the perspectives of medical staff in relation to health care quality improvement in Ukmerge Hospital. Methods. Analysis of hospital organizational activity was performed. All physicians and nurses were questioned by an anonymous questionnaire (n=231). 187 of questionnaires were completed and returned by the respondents. The response rate was 76,2 percent. The data was analyzed using statistical package SPSS 10.0 for Windows. The associations between the variables were measured using the Chi-squared test. Results: 63.2 percent of medical staff were informed about the quality tasks in the unit, 46.6 percent of them know the quality tasks in the hospital and 11.8 percent are familiar with the national health care quality legislation. The acknowledgments from the patients and improvement of work conditions, recognition from leaders and colleagues give physicians and nurses (76.3 – 61.8 percent) an important incentive to work better. Professional competency with knowledge improvement (67.4 percent) and personal employee’s responsibility (67.9 percent) were the main value enshrined in the organization. By the opinion of 40.9 percent of respondents, patients can trust absolutely in the services or hospital. Work motivation from leaders is appreciable for every second of respondents. Conclusions. Knowledge of medical staff about the health care service quality improvement system was the most remarkable in the unit. The scheduled... [to full text]
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Sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybės vertinimas pacientų ir gydytojų požiūriu VŠĮ Vilniaus miesto klinikinės ligoninės Antakalnio filialo poliklinikoje / Health care quality assessment of patients and doctors in terms of the Vilnius branch of the clinic Antakalnio

Žėkaitė, Akvilė 03 June 2014 (has links)
Magistro darbe nagrinėjama pirminės sveikatos priežiūros kokybė pacientų ir gydytojų požiūriu. Pirmoje darbo dalyje nagrinėjama kokybės samprata sveikatos priežiūroje, sveikatos priežiūros kokybės valdymas, sveikatos priežiūros veiklos tobulinimas ir kokybės reglamentavimas, kokybės vadybos sistemų taikymas sveikatos priežiūros įstaigose, Lietuvos sveikatos sistemos valdymo reformos žingsniai, sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybės problemos Lietuvoje, paciento saugumo revoliucija. Antroje darbo dalyje aptariama darbe naudota tyrimo metodologija. Analitinėje baigiamojo darbo dalyje, taikant atvejo tyrimą, anketinę apklausą, dokumentų analizę, lyginamąją analizę bei statistinės analizės metodus, pateikiami ir nagrinėjami pacientų ir gydytojų požiūriu pirminės sveikatos priežiūros kokybės tyrimo rezultatai. Darbo pabaigoje pateikiamos išvados ir rekomendacijos tirtos organizacijos vadovams. / Master's thesis examines the quality of primary care patients and physicians perspective. The first part deals with the concept of quality in health care, quality of health care management, health care and quality improvement activities regulation quality management systems for health care facilities, Lithuanian health management reform steps, health care quality problems in Lithuania, the patient safety revolution. The second part discusses the research methodology used in the work. The analytical part of the thesis, through case study, a questionnaire survey, document analysis, comparative analysis, and statistical analysis methods are presented and analyzed in terms of patients and physicians in primary care quality results. At the end of the conclusions and recommendations of the studied organization.

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