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21	Une ethnographie de la relation au milieu de vie urbain de la classe moyenne indienne Murray, Caroline 10 1900 (has links) No description available. Relation à l’environnement Classe moyenne indienne Imaginaire écologique Impact environnemental Milieux urbains Pratiques de consommation alimentaire Préoccupations environnementales Ethnographie Système de castes hindou Relation to the environment Indian middle class Ecological mind Urban areas Food consumption practices Waste Déchets Hindu caste system Environmental concerns Environmental impact Ethnography Relation to the environment Indian middle class Ecological mind Urban areas Food consumption practices Waste Hindu caste system Environmental concerns Ethnography Environmental impact
22	Livelihood assets and survival strategies in coastal communities in Kerala, India Divakarannair, Nandakumar 30 November 2007 (has links) Marine fish stocks are under serious threat of depletion due to increasing numbers of resource users with competing interests, resulting in degradation and the decline of fish catch. Using qualitative and quantitative techniques such as in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, household surveys and remote sensing and GIS, this study addresses: (1) the complex and inter-related nature of resource dependency, (2) the role of assets in determining survival strategies of households in artisanal fishing communities in Ponnani, India, (3) how asset degradation impacts resource-dependent households, (4) how households develop survival strategies, and (5) considers access to social, political, physical, human and financial assets. Information is organized using the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF) with modifications to suite the local complexities. Results show that households - engaged in diverse activities, including fishing, fish processing/marketing/culture and daily labour - evolved property rights of natural resources over generations. The Pathemari cargo business’s limited knowledge of fisheries compared to artisanal fishers, and the government led modernization resulted in resource degradation. Therefore, artisanal fishers living in coastal wards threatened by intense erosion, abandoned traditional occupations in pursuit of livelihood security. Results from image analysis and derived thematic maps indicate increased erosion of 0.35 sq km shoreline coinciding with government development initiatives. To improve livelihood options, the results indicate that 50% surveyed accessed political assets such as fishers’ cooperatives and only 20% accessed financial assets such as government sponsored schemes and loans. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions revealed many limiting factors of access, specifically marginalization and lack of financial assets: only 6% surveyed could raise enough money to migrate. With changes in technology, from harvesting to processing, gender roles are being radically altered. Women are losing jobs and income. Politically, the study revealed that local participation helped governing bodies prioritize on housing, roads, water and sanitation. Analysis of the information through the modified SLF suggests three strategies to enhance the asset base of coastal poor: strengthening grassroots organizations; transforming state relations; and developing new alternatives to conventional coastal development practice. Finally, the study suggests resource management policies to improve the households’ livelihood options and well-being. Artisanal fishing Fishing communities Livelihoods Livelihood strategies Kerala India Natural resources Resource dependency Fish resources Marine fish stocks Resource depletion Resource degradation Ponnani Malappuram In-depth interview Focus group discussion Household survey Remote sensing GIS Multi-method Sustainable Livelihoods Framework Property righrts Pathemari Chapa Livelihood security Panchayat Gender Decentralized planning Qualitative methods Poverty Well-being Occupational diversification Small-scale fishing Caste system Human assets Political assets Social assets Physical assets Financial assets Push factors Vulnerability
23	Belief in Karma and Political Attitudes Östervall, Albin January 2022 (has links) Many scholars have discussed the sociopolitical consequences of belief in karma but few have investigated such relationships quantitatively. This study aims to establish empirical patterns concerning the connection between karmic beliefs and attitudes related to (i) political ideology, (ii) ableism, and (iii) views on the death penalty. The study’s theoretical framework is based on a Weberian approach to the study of beliefs (viewing beliefs as having attitudinal implications) and the theory of motivated social cognition. It uses original survey data from an MTurk sample of 330 Indians, which is analyzed through a series of regression models. When using demographic variables as controls, karmic beliefs are shown to correlate significantly (p<0.001) with three conservative dispositions (status quo conservatism, laissez-faire conservatism, authoritarianism); political approval of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party; ideological self-placement; ableist attitudes, and with disapproval of the death penalty. Karmic beliefs are also shown to correlate significantly with social class, and with right-wing views across both social classes and castes. Given these findings, I argue that karmic beliefs are likely to affect various political outcomes in India via their role in shaping the moral and political frameworks of the Indian population. karma karmic belief political attitudes ideology India Indian politics conservative dispositions caste caste system varnas political psychology political sociology conservatism laissez faire authoritarianism status quo conservatism equality BJP motivated social cognition Weber death penalty capital punishment ableism ableist attitudes personal responsibility samsara ahimsa retributivism theodicy just world belief karmic causation justice reasoning legitimizing myth legitimizing ideology Hinduism Hindutva politics religion karma index Political Science Statsvetenskap

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