With the confrontation of opponents, cultures and religions, the different spiritual and material possessions of sides end up with a synthesis. Such a unity may be one of the rare benefits of events like wars / while the main objection is to destroy the other. The crusades where the idea was to rescue the Holy Lands not only generated a culture of Levant but also furnished the lands of near east with the art and architecture of the crusading Latin Kingdom. Cyprus, as support and stronghold had been an important and strategic place where the Latins took advantage and granted back with beautiful Gothic churches and strongly built inaccessible castles. The castles, especially the three hilltop castles of St Hilarion, Buffavento and Kantara on the north probably perfectly reflect the crusading culture and exemplify the architecture which the Latins built in Cyprus. The crusader castles in Cyprus are certainly the products of a synthesis which combine the war and castle building experiences of the west, which crusaders brought with them when they came and the east which they faced with in the Holy Lands. In order to comprehend on the castles in Cyprus, subjects like the idea of crusading, the feudal system and knighthood in Europe and Levant are also important to enlighten the context as well as the characteristics and the types of the crusader castles in Levant. Therefore this study aims to find out the place and the importance of crusader castles in Cyprus in the crusading history.

abstract: The constructing of visitor expectations and memory of historic sites is an important aspect of the heritage industry. This study examines the creation and change of dominant historical memories at four British palaces and ancestral homes. Through the close analysis of a variety of guidebooks beginning in the eighteenth century as well as other promotional materials such as websites and films, this study looks at which historical memories are emphasized for visitors and the reasons for these dominant memories. Place theorists such as Yi-Fu Tuan and Michel de Certeau as well as memory theorists such as Maurice Halbwachs, Pierre Nora, and Eric Hobsbawm have influenced the analysis of the project's sources. This inquiry focuses on four palaces: Hampton Court Palace outside London; Edinburgh Castle in the heart of Edinburgh, Scotland; Cardiff Castle in Cardiff, Wales; and Chatsworth House in Devonshire, England. The Victorians have played a large role in determining dominant memories at these sites through their interest in and focus on both the medieval period and objects in the home. Dominant memories discussed focus on the Tudors, medieval military importance, the myth and imagining of the Victorian medieval, the Regency period of Jane Austen, and elite family-home relationships. This study argues that the emphases on certain subjects allow us glimpses into the national spirit (past and present) of the peoples of Britain. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis History 2015

This diploma thesis deals with current and future position of the Jezeří Chateau in tourism. The aim of the thesis is to describe existing tourist utilization of the chateau, to evaluate tourist importance of the chateau in the Podkrušnohoří region and to propose measures for improvement of provided services and further development of tourism at the chateau. Theoretical part of the thesis contains introduction to the tourism issues of the Czech Republic and the Podkrušnohoří region. Analytical part of the thesis evaluates the Jezeří Chateau as tourist attraction, deals with attendance of the chateau and makes comparison with competitor subjects. The thesis includes questionnaire survey realized among visitors of the chateau. The final chapter includes SWOT analysis of the Jezeří Chateau and recommendations for the future based on the observed facts.

This master thesis is focused on the renewal of the castle Olešná and its further comercial and cultural utilisation. In 2013 the castle was bought by its current owners who plan its complete renewal. The castle is currently in bad condition. First part of the thesis concentrates on theory. It offres definition of cultural tourism, part of which is the visit of castles. Further on, the cultural heritage of the Czech Republic and its protection is defined. Second part of the thesis is focused on assessing the current state of the monument and its importance for the tourism in Rakovnicko region. The main object is to propose specific suggestions for future management of the castle.

This Master thesis focuses on trends in utilization of castles and chateaus accessible to public within tourism and further applies the acquired knowledge to the Hrádek u Nechanic chateau. In order to reach the objective, a combination of primary and secondary research has been employed. The first part of the thesis (chapters 1--3) deals with general trends in tourism, cultural tourism, utilization of castles and chateaus in general and, in particular, it identifies the main qualitative and quantitative trends based on interviewing professionals in the field. The second part (chapters 3--6) pays attention to the Hrádek u Nechanic chateau, its marketing mix, an evaluation and comparison of surveys (which took place here in 2004, 2009, 2010 and 2011) and features recommendations for the further presentation and development of the chateau. Currently, it faces -- among other challenges -- a decrease in attendance, decrease in the growth dynamics of sales, increased competition of other attractiveness, questioning the traditional cultural-educative role of monuments or demands for applying customer oriented marketing. The answer to the development is innovation of the existing products and introduction of new ones, improvement of supplementary service and broader involvement in life of the region.

This thesis is focused on marketing of the state castles and chateaus. The fact, that they are considered as a cultural heritage which must be preserved for the future generations, gives marketing of the castles and chateaus unique characteristics. The aim of this thesis is to determine marketing recommendations for the state castles and chateaus and another historical buildings within the Czech Republic, resulting from the expert interviews with the castellans and other personnel of the Czech castles and chateaus and from the research of available Czech and foreign literature.

Diploma thesis "Renaissance Painting Decoration of Coffered Ceilings in Selected Castles in Bohemia" first briefly introduces the most important examples of aristocratic residences with painted coffered ceilings in Bohemia. Painted coffered ceilings in Bohemia primarily occurred in the main halls of castles and palaces in the second half of the 16th century. The main part of thesis deals with two noble residences with painted coffered ceilings. Deal with detailed ceiling paintings Knights' Hall in the castle Telč and ceiling paintings of four halls Častolovice chateau. Attention is focused on themes ceiling paintings, their description and comparison with graphic templates. To the present day we have original coffered ceiling Knight Hall Castle in Telč with subjects from classical mythology (Hercules deeds). The author of the iconographic program was probably Zacharias of Hradec (1527-1589), who was one of the most powerful aristocrats in the Kingdom of Bohemia, and had the opportunity during his trip to northern Italy in 1551 acquainted with Italian art. The pride of the Častolovice chateau is especially large main hall with a coffered ceiling with 24 scenes from the Old Testament and other smaller hall with biblical scenes. This hall adjoin two smaller rooms with painted coffered ceilings with...

Die Studie beschäftigt sich mit der Entstehung und Entwicklung der Burgen und Herrensitze in der Uckermark vom späten 12. bis zum 15. Jahrhundert. Archäologische Befunde und Funde deuten darauf hin, dass besonders zu Beginn des mittelalterlichen Landesausbaus frühdeutsche Anlagen auf den vorhandenen slawischen Burgen errichtet worden sind. Im Verlauf des 13. und frühen 14. Jahrhunderts kam eine Vielzahl von Neugründungen hinzu. Besonders die landesherrlichen und hochadligen Burgen in Grenzregionen sowie an wichtigen Pässen erfuhren im 14. und 15. Jahrhundert vielfältige Um- und Ausbauten. Im Inland führte dagegen die einsetzende Wüstungsperiode zum Untergang vieler Adelssitze. Sie verfielen oder wurden von neuzeitlichen Schloss- oder Rittergutskomplexen überprägt. Hauptgegenstand der Studie sind die herrschaftlichen Anlagen selbst, als Ruine, integriert in spätere Gebäude oder als archäologisches Bodendenkmal. Erstmalig erfolgte für die Uckermark eine flächendeckende Bestandsaufnahme von archäologisch-bauhistorischer Seite, ergänzt durch historische sowie historisch-geographische Quellen. Dabei wurden ca. 250 Orte ermittelt, für welche die Existenz einer mittelalterlichen Burg oder eines Adelssitzes belegt bzw. zu vermuten ist. Nur wenige sind heute noch anhand ihrer oberirdischen Bausubstanz eindeutig als mittelalterliche Befestigung zu identifizieren. Auf viele verweisen im Gelände lediglich fragmentarische Steinbaureste, Erdwälle, Gräben oder kleine Hügel. Ein Großteil ist aufgrund des vollständigen Verfalls oder der Überprägung durch spätere Gebäude bisher überhaupt nicht lokalisiert. Vor dem Hintergrund des aktuellen Forschungsstandes werden erste typologische Vergleiche der Anlagen hinsichtlich ihrer Lage, Größe, Datierung, ihres Ausbaugrades sowie ihrer historischen Funktion vorgenommen. Untersucht werden außerdem die Beziehung zu den slawischen Burgwällen und die Siedlungskontinuität vom mittelalterlichen Adelssitz zum neuzeitlichen Schloss- oder Rittergutskomplex. / The aim of this study is to examine the formation and development of the castle complexes and nobility residences in the Uckermark from the late 12th to the end of the 15th century. Archaeological finds indicate that especially at the beginning of the medieval eastward expansion they were erected on Slavic strongholds. During the 13th and the early 14th century a lot of new castles and mansions were built. Especially the fortresses in the frontier districts and at important passes were being extended during the 14th and 15th century. In the inland regions the process of desertion led to the abandonment of many of the nobility residences. They began to fall into disrepair and were partially replaced by modern age domain and palace complexes. The main subjects of this study are the medieval buildings in form of ruins, integrated in later buildings and as archaeological site, respectively. This is the first ever complete regional inventory of the medieval castles and nobility residences of the Uckermark. It is mainly based on archaeological and architectural data, and made complete with historical and geographical facts. Almost 250 towns and villages were traced where the existence of a medieval castle or a residence is verified or presumed. Nowadays, only few of the former residences and fortresses can clearly be identified as such on the basis of the remains of above ground buildings and fortifications or by surface features like stone walls, earthworks or moats. Most of them are completely buried under earth, or replaced by manor houses and palace complexes of a later period. Surveying the present state of castle-studies in Brandenburg, the castles and nobility residences where compared with regard to their extent, morphology and ground-plan, internal building chronology and changing of their historical functions. Moreover, the connection with older Slavic strongholds and the continuity from medieval strongholds to modern age castle complexes or manor houses are investigated.

The purpose of my research has been to analyze the communi-cation of three cultural heritages and how they are being ex-posed on their respective webpages. The essay has also touched the subject as to how webpages can, through marketing of cul-tural heritages, create a connection to the marketed locations and their cultural environment. A phenomenon you could call “creating a location”. My study has also resulted in an under-standing of how historical sites as cultural actors position them-selves to attract visitors to the location. In this study I will fo-cus on only three of Sweden’s many renaissance castles. These three are Calmare-, Vadstena- and Gripsholm’s castle.My sources consist of the above mentioned cultural heritag-es own webpages, their administrators as well as their partner’s webpages. The information which is communicated in connec-tion to, or directly with the cultural heritages demonstrates what is relevant and important to see and experience.By illuminating these attributes, the possibility for self-interpretation of the cultural landscape can be lessened. Instead, a more direct picture can be created as of what the visitor should relate to and remember of the location. This way, the actors create a location.

“Judging the Rational and the Dead: Ann Radcliffe and Feminist Theology” argues Radcliffe’s first three novels, The Castles of Athlin and Dunbayne (1789), A Sicilian Romance (1790), and The Romance of the Forest (1791), show a progression of feminist theology informed by the late eighteenth-century British religious movement of Rational Dissent. The thesis attempts to complicate and extend Radcliffe scholarship by moving away from fractured critical discourses and into more cohesive readings of Radcliffe that include feminist and theological interpretations of her work. Of particular interest to the project are Radcliffe’s views on the circumscribed nature of women’s existence within British notions of church and state. The thesis does more than attempt to note Radcliffe’s objections to the circumscribed nature of women in British society; it also seeks to explore the potential solutions offered by a feminist theology that rejects establishment religious hierarchies in favor of a more Unitarian system.