Fibromyalgia (FM) is a musculoskeletal and neurological disorder that causes constant pain, cognitive problems with short term memory, and sleep disorders. There are more females diagnosed with FM than males, and research has therefore primarily been conducted with females. Because little is known about African American males with FM, biopsychosocial theory was used in this phenomenological study to examine how African American males with FM are affected biologically, psychologically, and socially. Eight African American males diagnosed with FM were recruited from Houston, Texas and were interviewed about their lived experiences with FM, including experiences with the healthcare system, and how they used the internet to seek information about FM. Individual interview transcripts, conduct open coding, and thematic analysis led to identification of the following themes: (a) lengthy multiple medical evaluations to receive a diagnosis and various symptoms; (b) physical challenges, physical limitations, emotional issues, and cognitive issues experienced with FM; (c) limited physical and emotional support from family and friends; (d) hopeful about work and plans; (e) trust and confidence in healthcare providers and medical information obtained by asking questions; (f) limited internet search and not involved in online FM forums. The study showed that African American males with FM may experience debilitating symptoms and may use faith-based beliefs as one way to cope with FM. These results may bring positive social changes by providing caretakers with a better understanding of how FM affects the quality of life of African American males with FM, and provide new data to assist healthcare providers in diagnosing, treating, and serving this population.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-06-21T20:46:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Julianna Amaral Cavalcante - 2011.pdf: 1834521 bytes, checksum: 006b04ff2270e8b56a84a6ebd09ef4cd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-06-29T18:27:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Julianna Amaral Cavalcante - 2011.pdf: 1834521 bytes, checksum: 006b04ff2270e8b56a84a6ebd09ef4cd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-29T18:27:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Julianna Amaral Cavalcante - 2011.pdf: 1834521 bytes, checksum: 006b04ff2270e8b56a84a6ebd09ef4cd (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Este estudo objetivou realizar a adaptação transcultural da versão em inglês da “PainCatastrophizingScale – Parents” para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e avaliar suas propriedades psicométricas em um grupo de crianças com e sem cárie dentária. Estudo observacional transversal realizado com uma amostra de conveniência de 240 pacientes. As propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Catastrofização da Dor – Pais (ECD-P) foram examinadas avaliando a fidedignidade e a validade deste instrumento. A análise fatorial confirmatória evidenciou que o modelo de três fatores, para a ECD-P, apresentou-se marginal, com os seguintes indicadores: qui-quadrado 241,43/62 graus de liberdade (P < 0,001), CMIN/DF 3,89, RMSEA 0,11, NNFI 0,76 e CFI 0,80. O coeficiente de correlação interna (alfa de Cronbach) para os 13 itens da ECD-P foi de 0,83. A análise da correlação item-total indicou que não haveria melhora nesse valor caso se retirasse algum item. O alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,70 (ruminação), 0,62 (ampliação) e 0,76 (desesperança).Houve correlação significante entre os escores obtidos na ECD-P e na DDQ (P < 0,001); o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi 0,25. Na análise discriminante, observou-se que o escore total da ECD-P diferiu significativamente (P = 0,03, teste t de student) nos grupos de crianças com cárie (28,1 ± 8,3) comparadas às sem cárie (25,4 ± 9,2). Houve correlação significante (P = 0,004) entre o escore total na ECD-P e o número de dentes cariados que cada criança apresentou (Spearman’srho 0,188). Este estudo mostrou que a versão brasileira da PCS-P, denominada ECD-P, apresentou propriedades psicométricas marginais e evidencia que a ECD-P necessita de ajustes para melhorar suas propriedades psicométricas. / Este estudo objetivou realizar a adaptação transcultural da versão em inglês da “PainCatastrophizingScale – Parents” para a língua portuguesa do Brasil e avaliar suas propriedades psicométricas em um grupo de crianças com e sem cárie dentária. Estudo observacional transversal realizado com uma amostra de conveniência de 240 pacientes. As propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Catastrofização da Dor – Pais (ECD-P) foram examinadas avaliando a fidedignidade e a validade deste instrumento. A análise fatorial confirmatória evidenciou que o modelo de três fatores, para a ECD-P, apresentou-se marginal, com os seguintes indicadores: qui-quadrado 241,43/62 graus de liberdade (P < 0,001), CMIN/DF 3,89, RMSEA 0,11, NNFI 0,76 e CFI 0,80. O coeficiente de correlação interna (alfa de Cronbach) para os 13 itens da ECD-P foi de 0,83. A análise da correlação item-total indicou que não haveria melhora nesse valor caso se retirasse algum item. O alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,70 (ruminação), 0,62 (ampliação) e 0,76 (desesperança).Houve correlação significante entre os escores obtidos na ECD-P e na DDQ (P < 0,001); o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman foi 0,25. Na análise discriminante, observou-se que o escore total da ECD-P diferiu significativamente (P = 0,03, teste t de student) nos grupos de crianças com cárie (28,1 ± 8,3) comparadas às sem cárie (25,4 ± 9,2). Houve correlação significante (P = 0,004) entre o escore total na ECD-P e o número de dentes cariados que cada criança apresentou (Spearman’srho 0,188). Este estudo mostrou que a versão brasileira da PCS-P, denominada ECD-P, apresentou propriedades psicométricas marginais e evidencia que a ECD-P necessita de ajustes para melhorar suas propriedades psicométricas.

Music performance anxiety is an issue that affects musicians at all levels but can begin in early adolescence. The researcher investigated three variables and their ability to predict music performance anxiety: catastrophization, self-regulation, and goal-setting style. Catastrophization is a negative thought that amplifies perceived criticism. Self-regulation is a metacognitive skill that allows students to plan strategies and evaluate learning. Goal-setting style refers to a student's framework when establishing learning objectives – whether they are focused on mastering the subject matter, or only trying to avoid being the worst in the class. A sample of adolescent wind musicians (n = 68) were administered four self-reporting measures for the predictor variables and music performance anxiety. Catastrophization, self-regulation, and goal-setting style were all statistically significant in predictor music performance anxiety, with catastrophization alone explaining 69% of the variance in the predictor variable. Overall, the whole model was able to explain 46% of the variance in music performance anxiety.

L’invalidité attribuable à la douleur représente un problème important en raison de ses coûts personnels, financiers et sociétaux. L’effort scientifique mène à l’identification des facteurs de risque pour l’évolution de la douleur vers un état qui mine la capacité de la personne affligée à vaquer à ses occupations fondamentales. Cet effort met en relief le rôle déterminant que jouent les facteurs psychosociaux à chaque stade de l’évolution vers l’invalidité en raison de la douleur. Parmi les facteurs mis en cause, se trouvent les difficultés psychologiques (dépression, anxiété, somatisation, trouble de la personnalité, catastrophisme et évitement de l’activité), l’insatisfaction au travail et le contexte de réclamation. Forts de cette connaissance, les pays industrialisés se dotent de lignes directrices pour la prise en charge de la douleur aiguë dans le but de réduire les coûts, tant pour la personne que pour la société. Vingt ans après la parution des premiers guides de pratique, et la publication subséquente de dizaines d’autres guides véhiculant essentiellement les mêmes informations, les médecins peinent toujours à appliquer les recommandations. À partir des données probantes issues de la littérature scientifique, le présent ouvrage propose une synthèse critique des résultats pour pousser la réflexion et faire avancer la démarche dans le sens d’une réduction des coûts personnels, financiers et sociétaux. / Disability due to pain is a significant problem owing to its personal, financial and societal costs. Scientific efforts are aimed towards the identification of the risk factors for the development of pain leading to a state which undermines the afflicted person’s ability to attend to his/her basic functions. These efforts highlight the key role that psycho-social factors play in each stage of the progression towards disability due to pain. Among the influencing factors are psychological difficulties (depression, anxiety, somatization, personality disorder, catastrophization and activity avoidance), dissatisfaction at work and the compensation context. In light of this awareness, industrialized countries have instituted policies for the management of acute pain with the aim of reducing costs, both for the patient and for society. Twenty years after the appearance of the first clinical practice guidelines and the subsequent publication of numerous other guides propounding essentially the same information, physicians are still struggling to apply the recommendations. Relying on the evidence from the scientific literature, this study proposes a critical synthesis of the results to provoke thought and to advance the process towards a reduction in the personal, financial and societal costs of pain.