The management of quality more often penetrate into the sector of trade and becomes the important part of it. In the first part of my work I introduce the service department of Motorola Company . Also there are the most widely used statistic implements of the management of quality, which can be used for the improvement of the processes in the company. The base of the work is the analysis of brakedowns and their causes accured on reading units, repaired in the company. The result of the work is the corrective solution, which caused the rise of internal quality of the product, which was selected as the most problematic product on the basis of statistic control. The proposing solutions should rise internal quality by falling PPM under 20000. The most of proposing solutions were successfully implemented into the use.

In recent years, it has to spend lots of time and effort to get the certification of CMMI. Therefore, everyone is looking to tools or methods for speeding up the CMMI certification. CMMI level five, causal analysis and resolution, is an important issues for all industries. In the process of software development, we have to identify the causes for defects at first. Then, it uses a systematic approach to sum up the necessary causes for software defects in order to help managers make better decisions and develop action items. With no doubt, it is a very important issue in the process of software development. This study aims to explore the subject of using the methods of causal analysis and resolution to solve the problems of software defects. Through the implementation of CAR, we can determine the root causes of defects and avoid importing defects to products. This study focus on the implementations of CAR and it proposes the methods, procedures and management forms. Moreover, this study will introduce the Mill¡¦s methods for causal reasoning used in the structure of CAR. Therefore it can help managers with a better way to sum up the causes for defects. The study uses case study method. Firstly, it connects the company for data collection of cause and effect diagram and combines the Mill¡¦s methods to inductive causal and analysis. Then it arranges interviews with the company managers to identify the necessary causes of defects. Finally, it helps the company develop action items in order to achieve the causal analysis and resolutions in the process of software development.

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of stimulus equivalence procedures using the instructional protocols from the PEAK-E curriculum to develop the emergence of cause and effect relational responding in two children with autism. The procedures were taken from the PEAK-E program Transitivity: Multiple Actions & Outcomes-9p to aid in clinical replication. This study utilized a multiple baseline design across participants to evaluate the functional relationship between cause and effect relations. The results suggested that direct training of an action (A) to an outcome (B) (A-B) and direct training of an outcome (B) with an action that is produced by the outcome (C) (B-C) was effective for both participants. Following A-B and B-C training, the participants demonstrated emergent relations and untrained action (A) to action (C) relations which are consistent with transitivity. The results demonstrate efficacy of stimulus equivalence procedures for training cause and effect skills as well as the PEAK-E curriculum

This diploma thesis focuses on problematic about optimizing of service center and provides a base for creation of program for simulation and optimization. This diploma thesis also deals with hierarchical breakdown and logical structures of processes. Also there are quality determining methods and methods for visualization of processes.

Klimato kaita ir jos švelninimo instrumentų įgyvendinimas yra prioritetinis visų pasaulio šalių tikslas. Šiuo metu yra taikoma daug įvairių klimato kaitos švelninimo instrumentų, skirtų atsinaujinančių energijos išteklių ir energijos efektyvumo didinimui, energijos tiekimo patikimumui ir kt., kuriuos plačiai nagrinėja daugelis pasaulio mokslininkų. Magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas buvo apžvelgti Lietuvoje šiuo metu taikomus ekonominius klimato kaitos švelninimo instrumentus bei juos kokybiškai ir kiekybiškai įvertinti. Iškeltam tikslui pasiekti suformuluoti uždaviniai: apžvelgti moksline literatūroje nagrinėjamus pagrindinius klimato kaitos švelninimo instrumentų taikymo teorinius aspektus; išnagrinėti pagrindinius klimato kaitos švelninimo instrumentus, taikomus Lietuvoje; įvertinti klimato kaitos ekonominius instrumentus įtakojančiais šiltnamio efektą sukeliančių dujos sumažėjimą bei atsinaujinančiųjų energijos išteklių plėtrą Lietuvoje; sudarytu vertinimo modeliu atlikti klimato kaitos švelninimo instrumentų ekonominį vertinimą; remiantis atliktu vertinimu, pateikti išvadas. Darbo struktūrą nulėmė užsibrėžti darbo tikslai bei numatyti uždaviniai, kurių sprendimas pateikiamas trijose darbo dalyse. Pirmoje dalyje apžvelgti moklinėje literatūroje nagrinėjami pagrindiniai klimato kaitos švelninimo instrumentų taikymo teoriniai apsektai, tokie kaip klimato indikatoriai bei būklė pasaulyje ir Lietuvoje, Lietuvos darnios plėtros prioritetiniai rodikliai ir apžvelgtos ekonominius... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Climate change and implementation of its reducing instruments is underlying goal of all countries. At present there are plenty of climate change instruments being applied which are used for increasing shifting energy resources and effectiveness of energy, reliability of energy supplying etc. that are widely discussed by many scientists all over the world. The goal of Master's thesis was a review of economical instruments for reducing climate change used in Lithuania and their quantitative and qualitative evaluation. To reach the goal following tasks were set: to survey the nonfiction theoretical aspects of using main instruments for reducing climate change; analyse the main instruments for reducing climate change that are used in Lithuania; evaluate the economical instruments for reducing climate change that affect the reduction of gas causing the greenhouse effect and development of shifting energy resources in Lithuania; to make the economical evaluation of instruments for reducing climate change with the help of created evaluating model; to make conclusion refering to the evaluation. Thesis consist of three parts that were determined by stated goals and tasks. In first part are analysed the nonfiction theoretical aspects of using main instruments for reducing climate change, such as climate indicators and state in Lithuania and all over the world, underlying rates of Lithuanian regular development. Also the directives introducing economical instruments of regulating... [to full text]

This study is based on Porter¡¦s five forces model of competition. It combines system dynamics theory to make Porter¡¦s five forces model be simulated by dynamic system model and then the strategy can be simulated by computer. With this strategic experiment, the industry analysis or industry strategy can be simulated and experimented just like in the laboratory and make the forecast in the future be achievable. The conclusions of this study are presented as follows: 1.The five forces in Porter¡¦s five forces model can be expressed and quantified by combination of each two forces. 2.The Porter¡¦s five forces model is not strong enough to cope with the dynamic, twinkling and changeful environment. But it can be compensated by system dynamics theory. 3.Combining the system dynamics theory and Porter¡¦s five forces model, the relationship between every two forces can be transformed into cause-and-effect chain. The total forces among five forces can be expressed by system feedback circle. 4.After combination of the system dynamic theory and Porter¡¦s five forces model, we can use the iThink software to simulate the combination. It makes the unquantifiable force change be able to be simulated and forecasted. The conclusions above are significant to the study in the following aspects. 1.The ten forces relationship of Porter¡¦s five forces model can be expressed by cause-and-effect chain in system dynamics theory. 2.The pull-and-push relationship of the ten forces combination in Porter¡¦s five forces model can be expressed by system feedback circle. 3.The mutual and active forces in the system dynamics can be quantified, simulated and forecasted.

The thesis deals with a proposal to change the production process by eliminating the redundant control activities. The first part of the thesis presents various possible theoretical approaches for this issue. It is followed by familiarisation with the concerned production company. The second part is the analytical part where the carried out activities of a particular automotive production unit are identified. These control activities are investigated and then either omitted or authorized. Finally the root causes for the fact that those activities have not already been eliminated are found.

La tesis trata de los modelos de gestión modernos de naturaleza causal, entre los que destaca el Cuadro de Mando Integral (CMI). En primer lugar, se presenta un análisis conceptual su supuesto central, las relaciones causa-efecto. En segundo lugar, se ofrece un análisis estadístico de los supuestos del CMI. En tercer lugar, a partir dos casos de estudio de ayuntamientos, se compara y analiza la implementación del CMI en las organizaciones. El análisis conceptual indica que la complejidad, la incertidumbre y el carácter dinámico del entorno pueden obstaculizar la elaboración de modelos válidos de causa-efecto. Los resultados del análisis estadístico no permiten confirmar la hipótesis de existencia de relaciones estables en el CMI. Finalmente, el análisis de los casos sugiere que las organizaciones pueden recurrir a diversas tácticas y escenarios para implementar el CMI y enfatiza la influencia que las rutinas y normas establecidas en las organizaciones ejercen en ello. / This dissertation address a number of research questions related to causal performance measurement models, such as the Balanced Scorecard (BSC). First, we provide an analytical discussion on the topic of the cause-and-effect relationships in these models. Second, we test of the BSC assumptions on empirical data coming from the dynamic enterprises. Third, we compare and analyze the BSC adoption by two city councils. The conceptual analysis indicates that dynamic, complex and uncertain environment and the cognitive limitations of managers may greatly challenge the elaboration of valid causal models. Our statistical results give little support to the existence of stable BSC links. Our case studies findings show diverse organizational rationalities behind the BSC adoption in organizations and the importance of the existing rules and routines.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:32:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Henrique Viana Santos.pdf: 2674839 bytes, checksum: 6f6000e9bcb9f0b63511ebb1fde76a1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-04 / The performance measurement systems were seen in a new light after the creation of the balanced scorecard (BSC) introduced by Kaplan and Norton in the early 90 s, presenting a far broader methodology of management and business performance compared with controls based on accounting and financial indicators. Since its introduction, the BSC has evolved and gained a high degree of recognition as one of the most widely used tools among the recent innovations in the context of management control. One of the most discussed approaches by present authors is the cause and effect relationship between scorecards. Thus, this study aims to develop an analysis of the relationship between performance measurement system indicators from Petrobras refining segment, thereby aiding the increment of the system and contributing to the process of strategic management of the company. The research includes interviews with managers of the company to develop a hypothetical model of cause and effect relationship between indicators, and the Granger causality test was used to assess the statistical significance of the model. After completion of tests, results were presented to managers for model validation. The analysis indicates that in general the time series data provided support for understanding the cause and effect relationship of the performance measurement system from Petrobras refining segment. Testing various lags it was possible to verify that in most of relations the predictive capacity is established significantly. Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of relations between indicators from Petrobras refining segment, through the identification of lags, opportunities for revision of weight, indicators identity and formula, and thus providing key inputs for improving the company s performance measurement system. / Os sistemas de mensuração de desempenho foram vistos sob uma nova perspectiva após a criação do balanced scorecard (BSC) introduzido por Kaplan e Norton no início dos anos 1990, apresentando uma metodologia muito mais ampla de gestão e desempenho empresarial comparando-se com os controles baseados em indicadores contábeis e financeiros. Desde a sua introdução, o BSC evoluiu e ganhou um elevado grau de reconhecimento como uma das ferramentas mais amplamente utilizadas dentre as recentes inovações no contexto do controle gerencial. Uma das abordagens mais discutidas pelos autores atuais é a relação de causa e efeito entre os scorecards . Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver uma análise sobre a relação entre os indicadores do sistema de mensuração de desempenho do segmento refino da Petrobras, criando subsídios para o incremento do sistema e contribuindo assim com o processo de gestão estratégica da companhia. A pesquisa inclui entrevista com os gestores da companhia para desenvolvimento de um modelo hipotético de relação de causa e efeito entre os indicadores, e para testar a significância estatística do modelo utilizou-se o teste de causalidade de Granger. Após a realização dos testes os resultados foram apresentados para os gestores para validação do modelo. A análise indica que de maneira geral os dados das séries temporais forneceram apoio para o entendimento das relações de causa e efeito do sistema de mensuração de desempenho do segmento refino da Petrobras. Testando várias defasagens foi possível constatar que na maioria das relações a capacidade preditiva é estabelecida de forma significativa. Assim, o presente estudo contribuiu para o entendimento das relações entre os indicadores do segmento refino da Petrobras, através da identificação das defasagens, oportunidades de revisão no peso, identidade e fórmula de indicadores, e, desta forma, fornecendo insumos fundamentais para o aprimoramento do sistema de mensuração de desempenho da companhia.

Abstrakt I den här uppsatsen undersöks hur ett narrativ kan drivas inom digitala spel enbart med hjälp av spelmiljön. Syftet är att få förståelse för vad miljöberättande behärskar som en självständig form av berättande och vad författarna kan göra för att uppnå detta mål. För att undersöka problemområdet genomfördes en spelproduktion där metoder framtagna under undersökningens gång applicerades. Produktionen testades av utomstående studenter i medieteknik och resultaten sammanställdes med reflektioner kring vad som uppnåtts och de metoder som applicerats. Undersökningen beskriver arbetsprocessen och metoder och visar hur dessa kan driva ett narrativ med en spelmiljö. Abstract In this thesis examines how to drive a narrative in digital games using only the game environment. The purpose is to gain an understanding of what environmental storytelling is capable of as an independent form of narrative and what the authors can do to achieve this goal. To study the problem area, a game production was conducted in which methods developed during the study was applied. The production was tested by other students in media technology and the results that came up were compiled with reflections on what was achieved and the applied methods. The study describes the work process, methods and shows how these can be used to drive a narrative with a game environment. / Detta är en reflektionsdel till en digital medieproduktion.