Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-12-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:24:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silveira_mlg_dr_araca.pdf: 2617308 bytes, checksum: 32cace16fda99be9a129cd29147175be (MD5) / Neste estudo realizou-se a comparação cefalométrica de crianças, com idade de 8 a 10 anos com e sem hábitos de sucção de chupeta ou polegar, utilizando algumas grandezas cefalométricas as quais foram divididas para permitir uma melhor interpretação: componentes dentários (1.NA; 1-NA; 1.NB; 1-NB); Padrão de crescimento cefálico (SN.Gn e SN GoMe) e, proporção da altura facial (S-Go/N-Me x100). A amostra constou de 80 teleradiografias em norma lateral, dividida em dois grupos da seguinte forma: GRUPO I – referente a 40 crianças com hábitos e GRUPO II - correspondente a 40 crianças sem hábitos. A amostra foi composta por radiografias em norma lateral de pacientes não submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico, pertencentes a Disciplina de Ortodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia Campus de Araçatuba – UNESP. Os resultados obtidos pelas grandezas cefalométricas sugerem: as crianças com hábitos de sucção estão mais propensas ao desenvolvimento de protrusão dos incisivos superiores e inferiores, e a um padrão de crescimento vertical cefálico. Este estudo conclui que os hábitos de sucção, são fatores determinantes na modificação das estruturas dentárias e esqueléticas representada pela inclinação dos incisivos e rotação póstero inferior da mandíbula. / On this study was achieved the cephalometric comparation in children of 8-9 year old with and without habits of rubber nipple or thumb suction; using some especial measurementes, which were divided to permit a better diagnostic interpretation: dental components (1.NA, 1-NA, 1.NB, 1-NB); cephalic growth patterns (SN.GN, SN Go Me) and facial height proportion (S-Go/N-Me x 100). The sample found out from 80 teleradiographs in lateral pattern, were divided into two groups as following: Group I: 40 children with suction habits and Group II: 40 children without suction habits. The sample was formed by lateral radiographs of patients who had not received any orthodontic treatment from the Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba (FOA), Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP). The results acquired by the cephalometric measurements suggest that the children with suction habits have more tendency to obtain superior and inferior incisors protrusion, and inclination and a vertical cephalic growth pattern. This study concludes that suction habits are determining factors for structural dental and skeletal changes represented by the incisor tooth inclination and posterior – inferior rotation of the mandible.

MAXILLARY CENTRAL INCISOR CROWN-ROOT RELATIONSHIPS IN CLASS I NORMAL OCCLUSIONS AND CLASS III OPEN AND DEEP MALOCCLUSIONS By Jessica Fuller M.S. Thesis Research Project Introduction: The purposes of this thesis were several: (1) to examine a new crown-to-root angle based on anatomic points, the labial crown-root angle (LCRA), that was proposed in a recent University of Iowa thesis by Bauer, T.J. (2014) and correlate it with the collum angle (CA) values for Class I normal occlusions and Class III malocclusions; (2) to establish mean values for CA and LCRA for Class I normal occlusions and Class III open and deep bite malocclusions and statistically compare the groups; (3) to compare the significance of the correlation between overbite measures and CA and LCRA in the Class III sample. Only one study addressed the increased CA in Class III malocclusions however, the study did not include a normal occlusion control sample. Methods: 46 Class I normal samples, 20 Class III open bite samples and 22 Class III deep bite samples who met the inclusion criteria were measured cephalometrically. Relevant landmarks were placed, analyzed for reliability, and recorded for the measurements of interest. Results: A strong increasing correlation was found between CA and LCRA for all samples (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.82, p < .0001). The mean CA for the Class III deep bite group (9.32±4.46) was significantly different from the Class I normal core (3.38±1.70), Class I expanded (3.60±1.94) and Class III open bite (5.24±3.99) groups (ANOVA). The mean LCRA for the Class III deep bite group (39.67±5.64) was also significantly different from Class I normal core (31.97±4.25), Class I expanded (33.53±5.65) and Class III open bite (35.55±5.65) groups (ANOVA). There was no significant correlation between CA and overbite within Class III open (p=0.8029) and Class III deep bite groups (p=0.2089) or LCRA and overbite within Class III open (p=0.7529) and Class III deep bite groups (p=0.1864). Conclusions: LCRA and CA were highly correlated in Class III patients. Patients with Class III deep bites had statistically higher means for CA and LCRA than patients with Class I normal occlusions and Class III open bite malocclusions. There was no significant correlation between the measures for overbite and either CA or LCRA values in Class III patients.

Atualmente, as áreas metropolitanas apresentam uma população diversificada, estabelecendo a necessidade de reconhecer que um único padrão de estética facial não é apropriado para as decisões de diagnóstico e plano de tratamento ortodôntico, para indivíduos de várias origens étnicas, que migraram para distintas regiões geográficas. Com o propósito de apresentar a importância de um padrão cefalométrico específico para os jovens brasileiros leucodermas, melanodermas e feodermas, este estudo propôs obter os valores médios de normalidade para as grandezas cefalométricas esqueléticas, dentárias e tegumentares, comparar os valores obtidos entre os grupos étnicos e verificar a presença de dimorfismo entre os gêneros. A amostra constituiu-se de 146 telerradiografias em norma lateral de indivíduos jovens brasileiros não tratados, apresentando oclusão normal, divididos em três grupos: Grupo 1- 50 indivíduos leucodermas (25 de cada gênero) com idade média de 13,17 anos; Grupo 2- 40 indivíduos feodermas (20 de cada gênero) com idade média de 13,12 anos; e Grupo 3- 56 indivíduos melanodermas (28 de cada gênero) com idade média de 13,24 anos. Para a avaliação da compatibilidade intergrupos quanto à idade e comparação dos valores das grandezas cefalométricas, utilizou-se a análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida pelo teste de Tukey. Para avaliação do dimorfismo entre os gêneros, realizou-se o teste t independente. Os melanodermas apresentaram a maior protrusão maxilar, os incisivos inferiores mais vestibularizados e os lábios superior e inferior mais proeminentes; os feodermas apresentaram valores intermediários, e os leucodermas os menores valores, com diferenças significantes entre os três grupos avaliados. Além disso, os melanodermas e feodermas, comparados aos leucodermas, apresentaram maior protrusão mandibular, um padrão de crescimento mais horizontal e os incisivos superiores mais vestibularizados e protruídos. No entanto, os melanodermas, quando comparados aos feodermas e leucodermas, demonstraram maior discrepância maxilomandibular, maior convexidade facial óssea, maior protrusão dos incisivos inferiores e o ângulo nasolabial mais agudo. Encontrou-se também, dimorfismo entre gêneros para algumas variáveis cefalométricas nos três grupos étnicos. / Actually, metropolitan areas have diverse populations, with a need to recognize that a standard of facial esthetics might not be appropriate when making orthodontics diagnostic and treatment plans for patients from various racial and ethnic backgrounds that migrated to distinct geographic bounds. With the purpose of using a specific cephalometric standard for white, black and afrocaucasian young Brazilian descents, this study aimed to obtain mean normal values to skeletal, dental and soft tissue cephalometric variables and to compare the values obtained among the ethnic groups and to verify the presence of sexual dimorphism. The sample comprised 146 lateral cephalograms of untreated young Brazilian subjects, presenting normal occlusion, divided into three groups: Group 1- 50 White subjects (25 of each sex), at a mean age of 13.17 years; Group 2- 40 afrocaucasian descents (20 of each sex), at a mean age of 13.12 years; Group 3- 56 Black subjects (28 of each sex), at a mean age of 13.24 years. Evaluation of intergroup compatibility regarding age and comparison of values of cephalometric measurements were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Independent t tests were used to determine sexual dimorphism. Blacks presented the greatest maxillary protrusion, greatest labial tipping of mandibular incisors, and the most prominent upper and lower lips; afrocaucasian descents presented intermediate values, and whites presented the lowest values, with significant differences among the three groups evaluated. Besides, blacks and afrocaucasians, when related to whites, presented a greater mandibular protrusion, more horizontal growth pattern and more protruded and proclinated maxillary incisors. However, blacks, when compared to afrocaucasian and whites, presented a greater maxillomandibular discrepancy, a greater facial convexity, a greater protrusion of mandibular incisors and a more acute nasolabial angle. There was sexual dimorphism in some cephalometric variables in the three ethnic groups.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate dental and/or skeletal changes following orthodontic treatment with Damon self-ligating (SL) brackets in non-extraction patients. Methods: Frontal and lateral cephalomteric radiographs of 20 patients before and after non-extraction treatment with Damon SL brackets were analyzed in a three-dimensional analysis computer program (3DCeph, UIC, IL., USA). Changes of intermolar and intercanine distances, incisor positions and maxillary basal bone width of Damon treated subjects were compared to corresponding untreated controls (Bolton templates). Comparisons between the two groups were made with Nonparametric (Mann-Whitney U) test. Results and Conclusions: Transverse changes in distances between crowns of upper and lower first molars and canines in Damon group were similar to untreated individuals (P >0.01). However, in Damon group distances between roots of upper molars and lower canines increased 4.59 and 3.49 mm respectively, compared with 0.8 and -0.01 mm in the Control group (P <0.001, P= 0.001). Lingual root torque of upper incisors and proclination of lower incisors were larger in the Damon group (P<0.05). Damon treatment did not result in buccal tipping of molar crowns or maxillary base width increase (P>0.05). Overall, teeth alignment with Damon system was accomplished with a combination of arch width changes and incisor proclination and/or lingual root torque.

No description available.

The frequency with which individuals do not develop their third molars, or wisdom teeth, is increasing worldwide. This current topic of human evolution is relevant to the research of anthropologists, geneticists, dentists, and other researchers involved in the study of human dentition. Many explanations have been offered to account for the prevalence of molar agenesis including, evolutionary, environmental, and genetic theories. The purpose of this research project is to determine the frequency of third molar agenesis and investigate the relationship between third molar agenesis and maxillomandibular jaw dimensions in a sample of orthodontic patients. This research tests the hypotheses that: H1: Individuals with agenesis of third molars will be significantly different in maxillomandibular dimensions than individuals without agenesis, H2: The agenesis of maxillary third molars is associated with the anteroposterior dimensions of the maxilla, and H3: The agenesis of mandibular third molars is not associated with the anteroposterior dimensions of the mandible. Therefore, the null hypothesis for this research is H0: An individual’s sex and the presence/absence of the third molar are independent. The sample for this research project includes 543 individuals from the University of New Mexico’s Maxwell Museum of Anthropology Orthodontics Case File System. This study examines panoramic radiographs of the dentition for each individual to ascertain whether any of the third molars was congenitally absent, and records the cephalometric measurements for each case for statistical analysis. This study uses descriptive statistics, crosstabulation analysis, chi-square tests, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analysis to investigate any associations between third molar agenesis and maxillomandibular jaw dimensions. The results show that Native Americans (9.2%), Hispanics (8.46%), and European Americans (8.37%) have a higher frequency of third molar agenesis than African Americans (0.17%) and Asians (0.17%). This finding is consistent with the published body of work on third molar agenesis, in spite of the small sample sizes for diverse populations. There is a significant difference in the number of molars missing among groups. For the present study, based on crosstabulation analysis, most individuals are missing two molars (34.9%), followed by one absent (31.7%), a lack of four molars (25.3%), and finally a lack of 3 molars (7.9%). Individuals with third molar agenesis are nearly twice as likely to be missing a molar from the mandible (62.8%) than the maxilla (36.9%). This study uses crosstabulation analysis, chi-square analysis, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analysis to assess the association between third molar agenesis and measurements of the dental arcade. This study did not find an association between an individual’s maxillomandibular dimensions and third molar agenesis. Therefore, this study did not find support for the hypothesis that individuals with third molar agenesis would have smaller maxillomandibular dimensions than individuals without agenesis. Based on the findings of this study, an association between the size of an individual’s mouth and third molar agenesis does not exist in the sample analyzed. Third molar agenesis is not occurring due to a lack of room in the mouth, but possibly results from heredity. Therefore, it may be more likely that genetic variation influences third molar agenesis, rather than an evolutionary change in diet.

Atualmente, as áreas metropolitanas apresentam uma população diversificada, estabelecendo a necessidade de reconhecer que um único padrão de estética facial não é apropriado para as decisões de diagnóstico e plano de tratamento ortodôntico, para indivíduos de várias origens étnicas, que migraram para distintas regiões geográficas. Com o propósito de apresentar a importância de um padrão cefalométrico específico para os jovens brasileiros leucodermas, melanodermas e feodermas, este estudo propôs obter os valores médios de normalidade para as grandezas cefalométricas esqueléticas, dentárias e tegumentares, comparar os valores obtidos entre os grupos étnicos e verificar a presença de dimorfismo entre os gêneros. A amostra constituiu-se de 146 telerradiografias em norma lateral de indivíduos jovens brasileiros não tratados, apresentando oclusão normal, divididos em três grupos: Grupo 1- 50 indivíduos leucodermas (25 de cada gênero) com idade média de 13,17 anos; Grupo 2- 40 indivíduos feodermas (20 de cada gênero) com idade média de 13,12 anos; e Grupo 3- 56 indivíduos melanodermas (28 de cada gênero) com idade média de 13,24 anos. Para a avaliação da compatibilidade intergrupos quanto à idade e comparação dos valores das grandezas cefalométricas, utilizou-se a análise de variância (ANOVA) seguida pelo teste de Tukey. Para avaliação do dimorfismo entre os gêneros, realizou-se o teste t independente. Os melanodermas apresentaram a maior protrusão maxilar, os incisivos inferiores mais vestibularizados e os lábios superior e inferior mais proeminentes; os feodermas apresentaram valores intermediários, e os leucodermas os menores valores, com diferenças significantes entre os três grupos avaliados. Além disso, os melanodermas e feodermas, comparados aos leucodermas, apresentaram maior protrusão mandibular, um padrão de crescimento mais horizontal e os incisivos superiores mais vestibularizados e protruídos. No entanto, os melanodermas, quando comparados aos feodermas e leucodermas, demonstraram maior discrepância maxilomandibular, maior convexidade facial óssea, maior protrusão dos incisivos inferiores e o ângulo nasolabial mais agudo. Encontrou-se também, dimorfismo entre gêneros para algumas variáveis cefalométricas nos três grupos étnicos. / Actually, metropolitan areas have diverse populations, with a need to recognize that a standard of facial esthetics might not be appropriate when making orthodontics diagnostic and treatment plans for patients from various racial and ethnic backgrounds that migrated to distinct geographic bounds. With the purpose of using a specific cephalometric standard for white, black and afrocaucasian young Brazilian descents, this study aimed to obtain mean normal values to skeletal, dental and soft tissue cephalometric variables and to compare the values obtained among the ethnic groups and to verify the presence of sexual dimorphism. The sample comprised 146 lateral cephalograms of untreated young Brazilian subjects, presenting normal occlusion, divided into three groups: Group 1- 50 White subjects (25 of each sex), at a mean age of 13.17 years; Group 2- 40 afrocaucasian descents (20 of each sex), at a mean age of 13.12 years; Group 3- 56 Black subjects (28 of each sex), at a mean age of 13.24 years. Evaluation of intergroup compatibility regarding age and comparison of values of cephalometric measurements were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Independent t tests were used to determine sexual dimorphism. Blacks presented the greatest maxillary protrusion, greatest labial tipping of mandibular incisors, and the most prominent upper and lower lips; afrocaucasian descents presented intermediate values, and whites presented the lowest values, with significant differences among the three groups evaluated. Besides, blacks and afrocaucasians, when related to whites, presented a greater mandibular protrusion, more horizontal growth pattern and more protruded and proclinated maxillary incisors. However, blacks, when compared to afrocaucasian and whites, presented a greater maxillomandibular discrepancy, a greater facial convexity, a greater protrusion of mandibular incisors and a more acute nasolabial angle. There was sexual dimorphism in some cephalometric variables in the three ethnic groups.

Orientador: Maria Helena Castro de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T19:43:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlbuquerqueJunior_HaroldoRodriguesde_M.pdf: 10153288 bytes, checksum: 8daf1469f09aa0290c03e2363edd7262 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996 / Resumo: Foi realizado um estudo para avaliar o erro de reprodutibilidade dos valores cefalométricos usados na filosofia Tweed- Merrifield, tanto pelo método computadorizado quanto pelo método convencional. Utilizou-se uma amostra de trinta telerradiografias da cabeça em norma lateral, do arquivo do Curso de Pós Graduação em ortodontia da FOP-UNICAMP. Dois operadores realizaram os traçados e mensurações em dois momentos, com intervalo de trinta dias entre cada conjunto de traçados. Para avaliar o efeito sistemático dos fatores em estudo, realizou-se uma análise de variância para cada variável investigada, levando-se em consideração a dependência gerada pela realização de diversas medidas nas radiografias de cada paciente, assim como foram feitos testes t-Student. Para estimar os erros aleatórios, determinou-se a variância do erro, fórmula de Dahlberg, para combinação de método e operador, e para cada medida. Como alternativa de avaliar a contribuição dos erros aleatórios na reprodutibilidade das medidas, calculou-se o coeficiente de confiabilidade. A investigação demonstrou que os erros na cefalometria radiográfica, inevitavelmente, ocorrem, havendo uma interferência significante do fator operador na reprodutibilidade das medidas. O método computadorizado foi confiável, apresentando variâncias do erro menores que as do método convencional. As medidas FMIA e IMP A manifestaram as maiores possibilidades de erro, sendo essencial, dentro da filosofia em estudo, a replicação de traçados, para tomadas de decisões seguras / Abstract: It was made a study to evaluate the error of the reproducibility of the cephalometrics values proposed by Tweed-Merrifield philosophy, according to computerized and conventional methods. A sample of thirty lateral cephalometric plates from the post-graduation orthodontics records of the State University of Campinas was analysed. Two different operators made the measuring in two moments, with thirty days interval between each measuring trial. To evaluate the systematic effect of factors under study, variance; analysis was made for each variable investigated considering the generated dependence by the accomplishment of several measures in the cephalometric plates of each patient, as well as, it was made t-Student tests. Error variance was determined to estimate the casual errors using Dahlberg's formula, to combine method and operator, and for each measure. Coefficient of reliability was also calculated as an alternative to evaluate the contribution of casual errors in the reproducibility of measures. Data analysis seems to reveal that errors in cephalometrics occurred, mainly as a result of the interference of the factor operador in the reproducibility of the measures. The computerized method was reliable, showing smaller errors variances than the conventional method. The measures FMIA and IMPA showed the greatest errors possibilities, being essential, into the philosophy in study, the replication of tracings, to take safe decisions / Mestrado / Ortodontia / Mestre em Odontologia

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to measure the displacement of defined dental structures, as a result of superimposition of cephalometric images across paired time-points by both digital and analog methods. The magnitudes of such displacements across three methods of superimposition were compared to each other and to a reference method constructed by registering superimposed cephalometric images on tantalum markers implanted in the study participants' maxillae. The defined dental structures were: 1) First molar mesial contact point; 2) First molar apical root bisection; 3) Central incisor root apex; 4) Central incisor crown incisal edge. Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 22 patients containing tantalum implants from the Mathews acquisition group were digitized, traced and superimposed using analog (implant and structural) and digital (Dolphin and QuickCeph) methods. Superimpositions were exported to Adobe Photoshop where they were scaled and displacement of defined dental landmarks measured using a Cartesian coordinate system. A random-effects, generalized linear model with Bonferroni adjustment was used to compare the different methods. Results: The structural method (p < 0.01) showed statistically significant differences versus the implant method and demonstrated the smallest 95% confidence interval range compared to Quick Ceph and Dolphin (0.45mm, 0.75mm, and 0.95mm, respectively). The four structural method landmarks demonstrated statistically significant differences versus the implant method (p

O presente estudo objetivou comparar, por meio de uma análise retrospectiva, as características cefalométricas de pacientes leucodermas portadores de má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1, completa, bilateral, apresentando trespasse horizontal normal ou acentuado. A amostra consistiu-se da documentação ortodôntica inicial de 80 jovens brasileiros de ambos os gêneros, avaliados por meio de telerradiografias em norma lateral. A amostra total foi dividida em dois grupos de acordo com o a quantidade de sobressaliência inicial: Grupo 1 (sobressaliência normal) constituído por 40 pacientes (17 do gênero feminino e 23 do gênero masculino), com idade inicial média de 13,89 anos (d.p. = ±2,38), apresentando má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1, de Angle, completa, e trespasse horizontal positivo menor que 3 mm. Grupo 2 (sobressaliência acentuada) apresentando 40 pacientes (21 do gênero feminino e do 19 gênero masculino), com idade inicial de 13,54 anos (d.p. = ±2,11 anos), apresentando má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1 de Angle, completa e trespasse horizontal maior que 5mm. Os valores das variáveis cefalométricas obtidas para os dois grupos foram agrupados por componentes e comparados pelo teste t independente. Os resultados evidenciaram que, em relação ao componente dentário, observou-se uma menor quantidade de sobremordida no grupo 1. Em relação ao componente maxilar, notou-se que o comprimento efetivo da maxila (Co-A) foi significantemente menor no grupo 1. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos em relação ao componente mandibular. Entretanto, observou-se uma relação maxilomandibular significantemente melhor nos indivíduos Classe II com sobressaliência normal, baseando-se nos menores valores médios obtidos para as variáveis ANB e Wits. Em relação ao padrão de crescimento craniofacial dos grupos analisados, observou-se que o grupo 1 apresentou uma tendência de crescimento mais vertical quando comparado ao grupo 2, evidenciada pelos valores médios significantemente maiores para as variáveis SN.GoGn, FMA, PP.GoMe e SN.Plo. Os incisivos centrais superiores dos pacientes pertencentes ao grupo 1 apresentaram menor inclinação vestibular e mostraram-se retroposicionados em relação ao grupo 2. Os incisivos centrais inferiores apresentaram-se mais protruídos no grupo 1, quando avaliados pela variável Ii-AP. A análise do perfil mole facial evidenciou que o lábio inferior apresenta-se mais proeminente nos indivíduos Classe II com trespasse horizontal normal. / The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the initial cephalometric characteristics of orthodontic patients presenting complete Class II division 1 malocclusions, with normal and increased overjet. The sample comprised 80 Brazilian subjects presenting bilateral complete Class II division 1 malocclusions, of both genders. The sample was divided into 2 groups according to the initial overjet: Group 1 (normal overjet) comprised 40 patients (17 female; 23 male) at a mean initial age of 13.89 years (s.d. = ±2.38) presenting positive overjet, smaller than 3 mm. Group 2 (increased overjet) comprised 40 complete Class II division 1 patients (21 female; 19 male), at a mean initial age of 13.54 years (s.d. = ±2.11 years), and overjet greater than 5 mm. The cephalometric measurements obtained for the two groups were analyzed by components and compared by independent t tests. The results showed that the overbite was significantly smaller in group 1 when analyzing the dental component. The effective length of the maxilla (Co-A) was significantly smaller in group 1, by the maxillary component evaluation. There were no significant differences between the groups in the mandibular component. However, there was a significantly better maxillomandibular relation in Class II subjects with normal overjet, based on the smaller mean values for the variables ANB and Wits obtained for the group 1. The craniofacial growth pattern presented a more vertical tendency in group 1, evidenced by significantly greater values for the variables SN.GoGn, FMA, PP.GoMe and SN.OP. The maxillary incisors in group 2 were buccally inclinated and protruded by the linear evaluation. The mandibular incisors showed more protrusion in group 1 when they were evaluated by the variable Li-AP. The facial soft tissue analysis showed that the lower lip was more prominent in subjects presenting Class II malocclusions with normal overjet.