Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1975.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1982.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1973.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1975.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Bibliography: leaves 73-77.

Orientador: Eduardo César Almada Santos / Banca: Francisco Antonio Bertoz / Banca: José Rino Neto / Resumo: A relação entre o padrão respiratório e a morfologia craniofacial vem sendo estudada desde 1843, e apesar do grande número de pesquisas realizadas neste campo, algumas controvérsias ainda persistem sobre o assunto. Deste modo este trabalhou teve como objetivo observar o comportamento mandibular, por meio das medidas cefalométricas: SNGoGn, SNGn e altura facial inferior representada pela distância linear entre os pontos Ena-Me de pacientes com obstrução nasal e indicação médica de adenoidectomia. Para o estudo, foram obtidas 46 radiografias cefalométricas em norma lateral de 23 pacientes selecionados, de ambos os gêneros e com média de idades entre 6 a 8 anos. No grupo controle fizeram parte 11 crianças, com previsão cirúrgica para após 6 meses do término da pesquisa. No grupo experimental foram incluídas 12 crianças com cirurgias agendadas para uma semana após o início do estudo. Todos os pacientes dos 2 grupos foram submetidos a duas radiografias cefalométricas em norma lateral. A primeira no início do estudo a outra 6 meses após a primeira. Foi aplicado o teste estatístico t(Student) com nível de significância a 5%, onde não foi observado diferença estatisticamente significante nas três medidas cefalométricas analisadas após o período de avaliação. / Abstract: The relationship between the breathing pattern and the morphology craniofacial has been studied since 1843, and in spite of the great number of researches accomplished in this field, some controversies still persist on the subject. This way this worked he/she had as objective observes the behavior mandibular, through the measures cephalometrics: SNGoGn, SNGn and height facial antero-inferior (AFAI) of patients with nasopharyngeal obstruction and medical indication of adenoidectomy. For the study, they were obtained 46 cephalometrics radiographs in 23 selected patients' lateral norm, of both sexes and with average of ages among 6 to 8 years. In the group control they were part 11 children, with surgical forecast for after 6 months of the end of the research. In the experimental group 12 children were included with surgeries drifted for one week after the beginning of the study. All the patients of the 2 groups were submitted to two cephalometrics radiographs in lateral norm. The first in the beginning of the study and the other 6 months after the first. The test statistical t(Student was applied) with significant level to 5%, where it was not observed it difference statistical significance in the three measures cephalometrics analyzed after the evaluation period. / Mestre

Orientador: Luiz Gonzaga Gandini Junior / Banca: Dirceu Barnabé Raveli / Banca: Lídia Parsekian Martins / Banca: Saturnino Aparecido Ramalho / Banca: Ana Cláudia Moreira Melo / Resumo: A intervenção precoce na ortodontia vem sendo bastante realizada, evitando que alterações simples da oclusão necessitem tratamentos complexos futuramente. Dentre as más-oclusões mais frequentemente encontradas na infância e passíveis de intervenção precoce, estão as mordidas cruzadas posteriores que normalmente são caracterizadas por deficiência no crescimento transversal do arco superior. Nos casos de atresia maxilar o tratamento mais indicado é a expansão rápida, que pode ser realizada por diferentes terapias. Na presente pesquisa foram utilizados os aparelhos Hyras e Haas, tendo como objetivo avaliar as alterações transversais e verticais da maxila. Foram selecionados 40 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, entre 7 e 11 anos que apresentavam mordida cruzada posterior uni ou bilateral. Realizou-se telerradiografias em norma frontal (P.A.) antes e após a expansão. A fim de evitar que a falta de padronização dessas radiografias pudesse influenciar nos resultados, idealizou-se um método de padronização para tais radiografias. Os resultados, idealizou-se um método de padronização para tais radiografias. Os resultados mostraram que a correção da mordida cruzada posterior com ambos aparelhos ocorreu em todos os casos em função tanto da abertura da sutura palatina mediana como também pela inclinação dos molares. A medida JgE-JgD relacionada com a expansão maxilar esquelética aumentou significantemente em todos os casos tratados. Nas avaliações dentárias as medidas verticais não apresentaram diferenças significantes, o contrário das medidas transversais (FTE-FTD; FBE-FBD; LO.BTE; LO.BTD; BTE.BTD). A largura da cavidade nasal também aumentou significantemente (CNE-CND). Desta forma, podemos concluir com confiança que ambos os aparelhos tiveram efeitos similares. / Abstract: Early treatment is frequently proposed in orthodontics as it prevent that mild malocclusions require more complex procedures furthermore. Among the most frequent malocclusion observed in childhood and that can be early treated are the posterior crossbites. These are usually characterized by a decreased transversal growth of the upper arch. In the constriction maxillary cases, the most indicated treatment is rapid maxillary expansion that can be achieved by different therapies. In the present research the Hyrax and Haas appliances was used in order to evaluate the transverse and vertical outcomes in maxillary base. Fourty patients of both gender, from 7 to 11 years old, presenting uni or bilateral posterior crossbite were selected. Posteroanterior radiographs were performed before and after expansion. These radiographs were standardized in order to avoid that problems with lack of standardization influence the results. The obtained data showed that the posterior crossbite correction with both appliances, observed in all the cases, was consequent either to midpalatal suture opening and molar buccal tipping. JgE-JgD measurement related to maxillary expansion increased significantly in all the treated cases. According to dental evaluation, vertical measurements did not show significant differences, which is in opposition to the transverse measurements (FTE-FTD; FBE-FBD; LO.BTE; LO.BTD; BTE.BTD). The nasal cavity width also increased significantly (CNE-CND). Therefore, we can to conclude with trust that the both appliances had the similar effects. / Doutor

OBJECTIVE: To test reliability of 3D mandibular landmarks, planes of reference and surfaces and assess their correlation to conventional 2D cephalometric measurements. To analyze changes in three-dimensional shape of the symphysis due to growth and orthodontic treatment. METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of CBCTs of healthy orthodontic patients. 32 subjects were included, 16 males and 16 females. Mean ages of 10.6 ± 1.5 years and 15.0 ± 0.9 years before and after treatment, respectively. The mean follow up time was 4.3 years. Subjects free of any craniofacial anomalies, and no observable pathology on panoramic radiograph were. 15 subjects had CVM 1 and 17 subjects had CVM 2 before orthodontic treatment. All subjects had CVM 5 after orthodontic treatment. For the first phase, 3D mandibular landmark identifications were digitized. Planes and landmarks were constructed and compared with conventional 2D mandibular measurements. For the second phase, mandibles were isolated by removing surrounding structures. Pearson correlation and paired t-test were performed to test for correlation and differences between 2D and 3D measurements, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.4. Software. MorphoJ software (Version 2.0, www.flywings.org.uk) was used for symphysis shape analysis; and Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) between pre-treatment and post-treatment was used for statistical analysis of the symphysis. RESULTS: We found statistical significant positive correlation between 2D and 3D pre-treatment ramus height (P-value =0.01), post-treatment ramus height (P-value < 0.0001), pre-treatment corpus length (P-value 0.0003), post-treatment corpus length (P-value 0.04), pre-treatment gonial angle (P-value <0.0001), and post-treatment gonial angle (P-value=0.05). Also, statistically significant differences in 2D ramus height (P=0.001), 3D ramus height (P-value=0.002), 2D corpus length (P-value <0.01), and 3D corpus length (P-value <0.01). For symphysis shape comparing between pre-treatment and post-treatment, we found that there is no statistically significant difference between them (P-value= 0.99). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated statistically significant positive correlation between certain 2D and 3D measurements, pre-treatment and post-treatment differences in 2D and 3D measurements showed consistent results. Symphysis shapes do break out as distinctly separate groups, but the differences between the means is small.

A possibilidade de exploração das imagens oferecida pela tomografia computadorizada cone beam (TCCB) permite investigações mais detalhadas do paciente. Este estudo, empregando alguns destes recursos, se propôs a comparar medidas cefalométricas realizadas sobre telerradiografias convencionais e reconstruções de perfil total e unilaterais obtidas da TCCB. Análises cefalométricas de 30 pacientes foram realizadas por um examinador calibrado sobre as reconstruções da TCCB e as telerradiografias convencionais. A reprodutibilidade dos fatores cefalométricos foi investigada por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse em cada imagem. O método de Bland-Altman foi utilizado para averiguar a performance diagnóstica de cada imagem em relação às medidas de cada fator cefalométrico. O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse evidenciou semelhança de reprodutibilidade entre os exames. Quando os valores dos fatores cefalométricos foram comparados, observou-se forte concordância diagnóstica entre as mensurações realizadas sobre telerradiografias convencionais e imagens reconstruídas por TCCB. Conclui-se que, em pacientes sem assimetrias faciais importantes, a telerradiografia convencional e as reconstruções total e unilaterais a partir da TCCB oferecem desempenho de reprodutibilidade e resultado de análise cefalométrica semelhantes. / The possibility to explore images afforded by the cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) technique allows investigating patients in more detail. The present study uses some of these resources to compare cephalometric measurements obtained from conventional cephalograms and total and half-skull synthesized cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) cephalograms. Cephalometric analyses of 30 clinically symmetric patients; were conducted by a calibrated examiner on conventional and CBCTsynthesized cephalograms. Reproducibility was investigated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. The Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement of the measurements from each factor obtained by conventional, total, right and left CBCT-synthesized cephalograms. The intraclass correlation coefficient revealed similar levels of reproducibility. When the measurements obtained from conventional and CBCT-synthesized cephalograms were compared, the Bland-Altman analysis showed a strong agreement between them. Half-skull CBCT-synthesized cephalograms offer the same diagnostic performance and equivalent reproducibility in terms of cephalometric analysis as observed in conventional and total CBCT-synthesized cephalograms.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-07-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:01:38Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ernica_nm_dr_araca.pdf: 1284533 bytes, checksum: 9186b8eff23dab32f9ca59df2b2a5921 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar subjetivamente a imagem de perfil de tecido mole predictiva gerada por computador, em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática de avanço mandibular isolado, e, conseqüentemente, se o uso dela é aceitável para comunicação e elucidação do paciente durante o plano de tratamento, comparando os programas Dolphin Imaging e Dentofacial Planner Plus. Doze pacientes portadores de deficiência mandibular horizontal foram fotografados de perfil no préoperatório e 5 meses depois da cirurgia, no mínimo, sendo as imagens pós-operatórias confrontadas com as imagens predictivas produzidas pelos programas de imagem. Essas imagens foram analisadas por 100 cirurgiões-dentistas (50 cirurgiões buco-maxilo-faciais e 50 ortodontistas) que preencheram uma tabela de análise para cada imagem avaliada. Os resultados mostraram que: 1) O programa Dolphin Imaging foi o mais citado nos escores excelente e muito bom em todos os pontos de análise (ponta nasal, ângulo nasolabial, lábio superior, lábio inferior, região mentoniana, base mandibular, sulco lábio-mentoniano e geral), enquanto o programa Dentofacial Planner Plus foi o mais citado nos escores regular e ruim; 2) No escore bom houve um empate entre os dois programas nos pontos lábio superior e lábio inferior , sendo o programa Dentofacial Planner Plus preferido para o ponto base mandibular e o programa Dolphin Imaging para os demais pontos de análise (ponta nasal, ângulo nasolabial, região mentoniana, sulco lábio-mentoniano e geral); e 3) Existe uma predominância média de escores muito bom e bom para o programa Dolphin Imaging e de escores bom e regular para o programa Dentofacial Planner Plus. Deste modo, nas imagens de avanço mandibular, diante da metodologia empregada e dos dados obtidos no presente estudo,... / The aim of this study was to evaluate subjectively computer-generated soft tissue profile prediction in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery for mandibular advancement only and, consequently, if its usage is acceptable as a patient communication and education tool during the treatment plan. Two softwares were compared: Dolphin Imaging and Dentofacial Planner Plus. Pictures were taken from twelve patients with mandibular hypoplasia in the preoperative and at least 5 months postoperative period. The postoperative images were compared with the prediction generated by the two softwares. These images were evaluated by 100 dentists (50 oralmaxillofacial surgeons and 50 orthodontists) who filled in one correspondent table to each analyzed image. The results showed that: 1) Dolphin Imaging software was mentioned more times as excellent and very good in every analysis point (tip of the nose, nasolabial angle, upper lip, lower lip, chin, mandibular base, labiomental fold, and general), while Dentofacial Planner Plus software was scored fair and poor more frequently. 2) For the score good, there was a tie between the two softwares at the points upper lip and lower lip, and the software Dentofacial Planner Plus was preferred to the mandibular base point, while Dolphin Imaging was to all the other points left (tip of the nose, nasolabial angle, chin, labiomental fold, and general); and, 3) The majority of the mean scores were very good and good to Dolphin Imaging and good and fair to Dentofacial Planner Plus. Thus, according to the methodology and data obtained it is possible to conclude that to mandibular advancement images: the data show that both softwares are well accepted to soft tissue profile prediction, which suggests that both of them can be used as a communication tool with the patient during the treatment plan. However, Dolphin Imaging showed better results in this present study.