Alicerçado em trabalhos contidos na literatura internacional sobre a implicação dos micoplasmas nas aIterações do trato geniturinário e sobretudo nas chamadas \"falhas da reprodução\", o presente estudo teve como objetivo, além da introdução de uma tecnologia de pesquisa desses microrganismos acessível ao laboratório clínico de rotina diagnóstica, também determinar as taxas de colonização de Mycoplasma hominis e de Ureaplasma urealyticum em gestantes pertencentes a uma classe de baixo nível sócio-econômico. Estas gestantes, em número de 74 (setenta e quatro), foram divididas em dois grupos: um grupo de 37 (trinta e sete) gestantes que possuía histórico anterior de alterações perigestacionais como: abortos, natimortos, prematuros, etc., e que constituíram o Grupo de Risco; e o outro constituído de 37 (trinta e sete) gestantes com gestações anteriores normais, Grupo Controle. Utilizando-se os materiais e métodos adaptados às condições de nosso meio, foram encontrados os seguintes resultados: a proporção de micoplasmas isolada foi de 94,6% no grupo de risco e de 81,2% no grupo controle. Do grupo de risco, Ureaplasma urealyticum foi isolado de vlnte e um pacientes (56,8%), Mycoplasma hominis de dois (5,4%) e ambos foram encontrados em seis pacientes (16,2%). No grupo controle, Ureaplasma urealyticum foi encontrado em 18 pacientes (48,6%), Mycoplasma hominis não foi isolado de nehuma (0,0%), enquanto que a associação Ureaplasma urealyticum e Mycoplasma hominis foi observado em seis casos (16,2%). Foi ainda verificado que onze (30,5%) gestações terminaram anormalmente no grupo de risco, sendo quatro (11,1%) de pacientes que não possuíam quaisquer alterações clínicas que as justificassem. No grupo controle, nenhuma alteração foi verificada entre os casos notificados. A análise estatística, dos resultados, permitiu verificar que não houve diferenças significantes entre os grupos estudados. / Abstracts Not Available

Orientador: Francisco Haiter Neto / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T03:59:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Araujo_LucianeFariasde_D.pdf: 1820402 bytes, checksum: 03ccca96db91bba812e586ce3a350bc6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: No presente trabalho propõe-se avaliar a existência de evidências clínicas e/ou radiográficas que identifiquem indivíduos com disfunção temporomandibular e da região cervical, bem como avaliar a eficácia da análise corporal computadorizada e da análise cefalométrica de Rocabado no diagnóstico destes pacientes. Para isso, foram avaliadas radiografias cefalométricas de perfil e fotografias de corpo inteiro de 100 pacientes, sendo 50 destes com sinais e sintomas de disfunção temporomandibular e 50 indivíduos assintomáticos, constituindo o grupo controle. A amostra foi selecionada a partir de ficha clínica de documentações ortodônticas em arquivo de uma clínica odontológica da cidade de Recife ¿ PE. Foi realizada avaliação fisioterapêutica das radiografias e fotografias, para fins de diagnóstico. Análise corporal e de Rocabado foram executadas para averiguação de sua aplicabilidade na detecção de desarmonias posturais da cabeça e dos segmentos corporais. As avaliações fisioterapêuticas diagnosticaram alterações posturais em ambos os grupos, sugerindo não existir associação entre elas e as disfunções temporomandibulares (p>0,05). Valores de Kappa indicaram que, na análise de Rocabado, o índice de curvatura da coluna cervical e o ângulo crânio-cervical apresentaram diagnósticos significantemente equivocados, o mesmo acontecendo com a predição da curva da coluna cervical pela análise fotográfica, não devendo, portanto, ser aplicados como instrumentos de diagnóstico. As análises corporais frontal, de perfil e de costas mostraram-se confiáveis quanto aos seus resultados, podendo ser utilizada como forma de avaliação de alterações posturais / Abstract: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the existence of clinical and/or radiographic evidences that identify patients with temporomandibular dysfunction and cervical region, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of the computerized corporal analysis and the cephalometric analysis of Rocabado in the diagnosis of these patients. In order to this, lateral cephalometric radiography and photographs of the entire body of 100 patients, being 50 of these with signals and symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction and 50 asymptomatic individuals, constituting the control group. The sample was selected from the clinical information of orthodontic documentations in a file of a Dental clinic of the city of Recife - PE. It was carried through physiotherapeutic analysis of the x-rays and photographs for diagnosis ends. Corporal analysis and of Rocabado were executed for scertainment of its applicability in the detention of postural disharmony of the head and the corporal segments. The physiotherapeutics evaluations diagnosed postural alterations in both groups, suggesting not to exist association between them and the temporomandibular dysfunction (p>0,05). Values of Kappa indicated the same that, in the analysis of Rocabado, bending of the skull-cervical angle and the index column cervical were ignificantly presented making a diagnostic mistake, happening with the prediction of the curve of the cervical column for the photographic analysis, not having, therefore, to be applied as diagnosis instruments. The frontal corporal analyses of the profile and coasts revealed trustworthy how much to its results, being able to be used as form of evaluation the postural alterations / Doutorado / Radiologia Odontologica / Doutor em Radiologia Odontológica

Cartas al Editor

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / The purpose of this study was to compare the immediate effect of upper versus lower cervical manipulation on the vertebral artery blood flow in asymptomatic individuals. Thirty patients of both genders between the ages of 18-45 years of age, volunteered to participate in this study. Each participant presented with at least one upper and one lower rotary cervical facet restriction. Each participant was randomly placed into either Group 1 whom received upper cervical manipulation, or Group 2 whom received lower cervical manipulation. Any participants who presented with positive VBAI signs or symptoms were excluded from this study. The Medison SonoAce 8000 Ultrasound System was used to objectively measure the blood flow as close to C1-C2 region as possible, contralateral to the side of the adjustment contact. Three measurements were recorded in total which included neutral, pre-manipulation and post-manipulation. As this study included asymptomatic participants, no subjective data was collected. Statistical analysis was performed where the intragroup analysis was done using the Paired Sample t-test and inter-group analysis was done using the Independent Samples t-test to check for statistically significant results less than the p-value of 0.05. There were no statistically significant results found in Group 1 and Group 2 in isolation in the intragroup analysis as well as when compared in the intergroup analysis. Upper cervical manipulation resulted in a slight percentage increase in mean blood flow velocity. Lower cervical manipulation resulted in a decreased end diastolic blood flow velocity after manipulation which indicated the possibility of vertebrobasilar occlusion, however, it did not result in much change with regards to mean blood flow velocity. In addition, upper as well as lower cervical v manipulation had a minimally insignificant dilating effect on the diameter of the upper vertebral artery which may have been due to reflex vasodilation. This study demonstrated no statistically significant changes in isolation in the intragroup analysis as well as when compared in the intergroup analysis. Lower cervical manipulation did however have a moderate influence on the upper vertebral artery blood flow but overall was still less stressful in comparison to upper cervical manipulation. Additional studies are suggested to clarify these findings further.

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Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of death in Tanzanian women, with annual age-standardized mortality of 38 per 100,000. While organized screening programs have minimized cervical cancer rates in the developed world, a national prevention program has not yet been instituted in Tanzania. Though screening is available at clinics in the Kilimanjaro region, uptake of these services is reported to be low. The objectives of this thesis were: 1) to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening in rural and urban Kilimanjaro women, 2) to determine the main barriers preventing women from being screened, and 3) to identify important determinants of screening status and screening acceptability in the population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 312 rural and 280 urban women in the region over June-July 2012. The sample was obtained through a multistage random sampling strategy. Descriptive statistics were performed to address Objectives 1 and 2, while multivariate logistic regression models were created using generalized estimating equations to address Objective 3. Results: Awareness of cervical cancer in the sample was high, but women had less knowledge of screening tests for the disease. The proportion of ever-screened women was significantly lower in the rural (4%) than in the urban (8%) sample. The most common barrier in never-screened women was not knowing that screening existed, followed by anticipated cost of the procedure. Travel distance was a more frequent concern in rural women. Older age, being married, cervical cancer knowledge and healthcare access factors were significantly associated with screening status in urban women, while only older age and condom use were associated in rural women. Personal beliefs about risk were associated with screening acceptability in never-screened women. Willingness to be screened was low in urban women with high socioeconomic status. Conclusions: Participation in cervical screening is extremely low in the Kilimanjaro region due to both access-related and personal barriers. While Tanzania awaits a national screening program, the identified determinants may inform regional screening and education initiatives aimed at increasing screening coverage in the Kilimanjaro area. / Thesis (Master, Community Health & Epidemiology) -- Queen's University, 2013-09-30 14:24:36.139