Olu phando luza kugxila kuphononongo lobume bengqondo ephazamisekileyo yabalinganiswa, lujonga kananjalo izimo zabalinganiswa ngakumbi abatsha, indlela abacinga nabenza ngayo izinto. Olu phando luza kuphicotha obu bume bengqondo baba balinganiswa kusetyenziswa iincwadi zedrama ezilandelayo: uBuzani Kubawo, kaTamsanqa, uAmaza, kaQangule, uLiseza kutshona kaMbobo, u-Uthembisa noMakhaya kaMtywaku, Isikhwakhwa noBessie kaMtywaku kunye noNdiyekeni kaJongilanga. Olu thotho lweencwadi zedrama zikhethiweyo luza kusetyenziswa kwakhona ukubhentsisa ubungqondo-lukhuni lwababhali ekuzobeni abalinganiswa abatsha njengoongantweni nolwamvila lolu zobo kwindlela ulutsha oluziphethe ngayo. Olu phando lutshayelelwe ngesahluko sokuqala esiqulathe iingxaki zophando, iinjongo zophando, ukubaluleka kolu phando, okusele kubhaliwe ngophando olu, nalapho olu luza kwahluka khona. Isahluko sesibini sibonisa isithako sobuNzululwazi bume- ngqondo nezinye ezikhaphayo ezifana nenkcubeko apho kujongwa ukuba ingaba inkcubeko ayisetyenziswa na ngendlela ebangela ukuba abalinganiswa abatsha bazibone bekwimo emandla yoxinzelelo. Esi sithako senkcubeko sihambelana neso semo yokuziphatha apha kujongwa ukuba ingaba ukuziphatha kwaba balinganiswa batsha akuqhutywa yindlela uluntu olubabona ngayo bephenjelelwa nayindlela abazotywa ngayo ngababhali. Ezinye izithako ezikhapha esi sobume bengqondo seso sobudala apho kugxilwa kwindlela abajongelwa phantsi ngayo ngenxa yeminyaka yabo luluntu nabazali abaphela bebathathela izigqibo ezikhokelela kuxinzelelo nokuziphatha okungekuhle. Esokugqibela seso seOnomastiki apho kujongwa ukuba ingaba indlela abathiywe ngayo abalinganiswa ayinagalelo kusini na kwindlela oluziphethe ngayo ulutsha. Iimeko zoxinzelelo abazibhaqa bephantsi kwazo abatsha azibangelwa ngamagama abawanikiweyo na nekuye kulindeleke ukuba bawalandele ngenkani nokuba imeko ayivumi. Isahluko sesiThathu sakugxila kwizimo zabalinganiswa ze esesiNe sigxile kubalinganiswa nezigulo zengqondo.

Le ngxoxo iza kuthetha ngengcingane yokuchubeka. Phantsi kwengcingane yokuchubeka kuza kuthi kuxoxwe ngezi zinto ziladelayo: ukuchubeka lungileyo kunye nokuchubeka gwenxa, ubuso (imvakalelo), izaci zokuchubeka, ukuchubeka nesini kunye nokuchubeka namandla okanye igunya. Ezi zihloko zingaphantsi ziza kubonakaliswa phantsi kwecandelo lesibini ukuya kwelesine ze isahluko sesihlanu ibe sesokukuqukumbela. Ukuchubeka kufumaneka phantsi kwezifundo zesoshiyolingwistiki. Ingxoxo iza kuthi iqale icacise ngesoshiyolingwistiki. Ukuchubeka kuphuhla kakuhle xa isithethi sisebenzisa amagama entetho-ntshukumo anje ngokuncoma, ukuhlekisa, ukuxolisa njalo-njalo. Ingxoxo iza kuthi inabe nzulu ngengcingane yentetho-ntshukumo. Iza kuphinda ingene nzulu icacisa igama elinentshukumo ngalinye. Le ngxoxo ithi ijonge kwaye iphendule umbuzo othi ingaba ngoobani abachubekileyo kukho amadoda nabantu ababhinqileyo. Lo mbuzo uthi ukhokhelele ingxoxo ekuxoxeni ngesini. Ingcingane yesini iza kuthi isetyenziswe ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo kwaye iza kucaciswa nzulu. Kuyabonakala okokuba apha ekuchubekeni bakhona abantu abachubeka ngenxa yezizathu ezithile. Izizathu ezifana nokuthobela amagunya, ukoyika lo mntu athetha naye, ukuhlonipha njalo-njalo.

Introduction: Transfusion of blood products, especially red blood cells (RBC) is the most common medical intervention administered in North-American hospitals. The indications for transfusion are diverse but they largely aim at increasing oxygen delivery to tissues to improve patient clinical outcomes. Transfusion can also have deleterious effects. In fact, there is evidence that RBC transfusion may be ineffective, or even harmful in some populations where its use should in theory be beneficial. Seeking explanations for the beneficial and deleterious effects of red blood cell transfusions is necessary. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the associations between donor characteristics and RBC transfusion recipient outcomes. Methods: My thesis consists of a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature regarding the association between blood donor characteristics and outcomes of the recipient, and the development of a framework linking the donor-recipient continuum using data collected from blood donors by Canadian Blood Services and clinical outcome data from large hospital and provincial clinical-administrative databases. Based on the framework, an epidemiological analysis was conducted to assess the effect of donor sex, age and ABO-Rh mismatch on RBC recipient outcomes. Results: Our systematic review found 58 studies evaluating 17 different donor characteristics. Five studies evaluated donor age as a risk factor for RBC transfusion outcome and 17 studies evaluated donor sex. We successfully developed an analytical framework allowing for a robust analysis of the impact of donor characteristics on RBC recipient outcomes that included 30,503 RBC recipients, 80,755 blood donors and a total of 187,960 transfusion episodes. We found that young age and female sex are donor characteristics significantly associated with adverse outcomes after RBC transfusion. Our newly developed framework, as well as our epidemiological findings, have the potential to influence future research in transfusion medicine and transfusion practices.

Stress in dogs can contribute to behavioural problems which may lead to rehoming or euthanasia of the dog. The aim of this study was to investigate how dog characteristics correlated to stress, whether it is possible to detect behavioural problems in order to treat the dogs. Twenty-two dogs were evaluated according to their behavioural problem by a veterinarian and a dog trainer. The dogs participated in a behavioural and physiological test, and the results were compared to characteristics gathered by a Canine Behavioural Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ), filled in by the dogs’ owners. The result showed that the total amount of stress related behaviour correlated positively to the C-BARQ score for attachment and attention-seeking behaviour and had a tendency of positive correlation to energy level and owner-directed aggression. Both the veterinarian behavioural problem score and trainer behavioural problem score had a tendency of positive correlation to stranger-directed fear. Dogs that, according to the C-BARQ, were found to be very attached and attention-seeking, showed high energy level or owner-directed aggression were likely to show stress related behaviours during the test in my study. By addressing the stress, the behavioural problems may be eased.

This investigation addresses the thermal characteristics of the major oceanic frontal systems in the Southern Ocean south of Africa based on data collected to a depth of 500 m on forty-three cruises during a fifteen year period. The width of the Agulhas Front has been shown to vary considerably in both its sea surface and sub-surface thermal manifestation as a result of mesoscale turbulence. Its mean sea surface width of 84 km has a standard deviation of 53 km, and the mean subsurface width of 37 km has a standard deviation of 33 km. The Agulhas Front. has been found to be a separate front north of the Subtropical Convergence in 56 % of the cruises investigated. It has only been observed from 18,2°E to 24,7°E, with a mean sea and subsurface temperature gradient across the Agulhas Front of 0,05 °C/km and 0, 13 °C/km respectively. It has a mean sea surface middle temperature of 17, 8° C and a mean subsurface middle temperature of 12,6° C. The mean sea and sub-surface geographic positions of the thermal expression of the Agulhas Front are 39,3° S; 22,7° E aild 39,1° S; 22,7° E. The Subtropical Convergence at surface has been found to be a single, broad frontal zone across the Central/South East Atlantic Ocean, that does not bifurcate. It has a mean sea surface middle temperature of ·14,3° C and a mean sub-surface middle temperature of 8,4° C. The mean sea and sub-surface temperature gradients across the Subtropical Convergence are O, 03 °C/km and O, 05 °C/km respectively. The mean sea and sub-surface geographic positions of the· thermal expression of the Subtropical Convergence are 41, 8° S; 21, 9° E and 41, 7° S; 22, 0° E. The Subtropical Convergence has a mean sea surface width of 146 km and a mean sub-surface width of 79 km. The Sub-antarctic Front is pressed northward from 45° S to 43° S by the Mid-Ocean Ridge in the South West Indian Ocean sector, after which it converges · with the Subtropical Convergence at approximately 60° E to form a united STC/SAF at subsurface. This united STC/SAF does not however form a "Crozet Front" by joining the Agulhas Front between 52° E and 65° E. It has a mean sea surface middle temperature of 4,4° C and a mean sub-surface middle temperature of 4,0° C. The mean sea and subsurface temperature gradients across the Sub-antarctic Front are 0,02 °C/km. The mean sea and sub-surface geographic positions of the thermal expression of the Sub-antarctic Front are 48,7° S; 18,9° E and 46,8° S; 19,9° E. The Sub-antarctic Front has a mean sea surface width of 73 km and a mean sub-surface width of 77 km. In 30 % of the sections investigated the- Antarctic Polar Front consisted of a primary and secondary front. The Antarctic Polar Front does not join the Sub-antarctic Front east of · 40° E at sub-surface and subsequently no quadruple front is formed. It has a mean sea surface middle temperature of 2, 1 ° C and a mean sub-surface middle temperature of 2,3° C. The mean sea and sub-surface temperature gradients across the Antarctic Polar Front are 0,01 °C/km and 0,02 °C/km respectively. The mean sea and sub-surface geographic position of the thermal expression of the Antarctic Polar Front are 52, 7° S; 14,9° E and 49,2° S; 20,8° E. The Antarctic Polar Front has a mean sea surface width of 66 km and a mean sub-surface width of 74 km.

The purpose of this study was to determine the national prevalence and correlates of currently diagnosed attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), behavioral problems, anxiety and depression among U.S. children aged 3–17 years. Data from the 2018 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) was analyzed. Parents/caregivers reported whether their children currently had each mental health condition. Chi square analyses and multivariate logistic regressions were utilized to examine the prevalence of conditions and assess independent associations based on selected sociodemographic characteristics. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated for the study population (n = 26,572). The study found that 8.6% currently had ADHD, 6.9% currently had behavioral disorders, 8.0% currently had anxiety, 3.7% currently had depression and 16.1% had any of the four conditions. The prevalence of each disorder was higher for older age, Whites (except for behavioral disorders which were higher for Blacks), public insurance, single parent households, children living with non-parents, parent/caregiver mental/emotional health, and non-users of medical home when comparing individuals who had these disorders to those without the disorders. Condition-specific variations were observed. Children with public and private insurance, single parents/non-parents, mentally ill parents and not receiving care in a medical home were more likely to be diagnosed with mental health disorders. These findings provide the latest data on a broad range of mental health disorders in a nationally representative sample of U.S. children and adolescents and show that these problems are prevalent which highlight the need for prevention and early intervention.

The Early Permian Unayzah A member in the Ghawar area of east-central Saudi Arabia is a prolific gas producer but is characterized by significant reservoir heterogeneity related to complex interbedding, on the scale of 5 meters or less, of eolian dune, sand sheet, interdune and ephemeral (playa) lake facies. Diagenetic products in Unayzah A developed during a continuum of eogenetic and mesogenetic reactions. Early or eogenetic cements are dominated by clay rims that formed at temperatures below 70oC. Oil migration along stylolites probably from Silurian source rocks occurred during the early mesogenetic stage followed by barite, quartz and carbonate cementation. Oil degradation at temperatures between 150o and 225oC produced acidic pore fluids that caused dissolution of earlier formed carbonates to generate secondary intragranular, moldic and micro pores. Thin, early clay and hydrocarbon rims as well as possible early microquartz cements inhibited cementation of primary intergranular pores that are only partially filled with quartz outgrowth crystals. Total porosity, including primary open pores, secondary pores, and bitumen-coated and filled pores ranges up to 27 percent. Reservoir quality and heterogeneity are a function of depositional environment and diagenesis in which eolian dune and sand sheet facies contain the highest total porosities and hence the best reservoir properties. Some previously recognized Stoke's surfaces are characterized by higher concentrations of quartz cement further compromising reservoir interconnectivity. / Master of Science

This research was conducted to determine if characteristics of teachers impact student learning in the secondary career and technical education Allied Health program area. This research was conducted for the following reasons: (a) to determine if teacher participation in professional learning opportunities impact student learning, (b) to determine if the use of curriculum and instruction resources impact student learning, (c) to determine if the implementation of researched-based teaching strategies impact student learning, and (d) to determine if other characteristics impact student learning. The data collected include responses from the fall 2007 MS-CPAS2 Allied Health student scores and survey responses from Mississippi Allied Health Teachers. This survey included: (a) professional learning, (b) use of curriculum and instruction resources, (c) researched-based teaching strategies, and (d) teacher experience. This study found that that students who had teachers who attended one to two face-toace professional learning sessions had a higher student mean score on MS-CPAS2 tests than students who had teachers who attended three or more face-toace professional learning sessions. Additionally, more Allied Health instructors are participating in face-toace professional learning than online professional learning. Although a majority of the participants are not attending the data retreat sessions, those who attend have lower MS-CPAS2 scores than those who do not attend. Recommendations were made to decision makers for future use of funds related to the development of curriculum and instruction materials and the development and implementation of professional learning opportunities. Some recommendations include: (a) creating incentives for teachers and administrators to participate more in online professional learning, (b) the curriculum framework created for secondary occupation- specific programs become a one-stop-shop for strategies that are proven to increase student learning, and (c) teacher licensure requirements should move from only requiring a two year associate’s degree to a four year bachelor’s degree.

No description available.

The purpose of the study was to conduct a qualitative inquiry into the teacher-child caring relationship in order to portray a picture of caring possibilities by describing interactions in one public school classroom. Participant observation, interviews, a dialogic journal and artifact analysis was conducted with a public school preschool class. Through qualitative inquiry, thematic analysis, and interpretation of the data gathered, along with my reflections, review of the literature, and based on my experiences as a teacher for 10 years, I have gained a deeper understanding of the caring teacher-child relationship. It is my desire that as I relate this understanding it may inform other teachers about the caring aspect of teaching. The following question helped guide the study. How is the teacher-child caring relationship manifested through actions, words, thoughts, and feelings? In keeping with the philosophy, caring engenders care, it is thought that the caring teacher will help children become caring members of their classroom. It can be assumed that when a teacher makes moral decisions in the context of teaching and learning, regarding the child, she creates a culture of care in the classroom in which the child may learn how to be a caring member (Garrison, 1997). The teacher's daily moral decisions, made in the classroom, are "hands on" lessons in caring for children (Bronfenbrenner, 1979; Noddings, 1984, 1992). As children engage in caring interactions with their teacher they may in turn learn to care for their fellow classmates and their teachers. "The teacher and student interaction can be reciprocally transformative" (Garrison, 1997, p. 45) renewing the caring teacher's sense of hope and feeling of success in the possibility of creating a community in her classroom (Noddings, 1984). The study of Sidney's classroom was an inquiry into the process of how, what, why and when Sidney made teaching decisions within the context of her caring relationship with the children in her classroom. Through examining a particular instance (Sidney's classroom), the whole (all classrooms), are illuminated. This study will present Sidney's caring through an examination of her classroom environment, "atmosphere," relationships, teacher practice, advocacy, professional development, and teachers and children saying good-bye at the end of the year. / Ph. D.