It is a research about The Four Great novels in late Ching Dynasty, to discuss the intentions of the writers, the background of the era, structure and narrative, characters, readers and the thought of the novels. The intentions of the writers were strong and everyone of them had his own specialty. There were so many wars in late Ching Dynasty, the politics was disorder and the culture was continued to change from the old one to the new one. The disorder situation effected the novels. Transporting foreign novels to China and printing the novels on newspapers made the Four Great novels got change. It changed the structure and narrative of the novels. The readers were very important to the novels and the relations among the readers,writers and works got change because of printing the novels on newspapers. The intention of the writers were strong that it made the novels more thoughtful and showed them by the way of blaming and exposing the crimes. This is not only a research about the forms but also the thought of the novels that it tries to offer a more complete observation of the Four Great novels.

I Ching, a Chinese classic which contains more than three thousand years' history, is the most valuable Chinese cultural treasure. I Ching includes not only philosophical ideas, but military thoughts as well. Studying such military philosophy in I Ching can effectively prevent the war from happening.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, November, 2007. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 97-100).

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-100). Also available in print.

Dudeism was inspired by a film released in 1998 named The Big Lebowski, which recounts the adventures of a character called the Dude, the namesake of the religion. The Dude is an example of the (mostly) ideal practitioner of Dudeism, which Dudeists mean has existed throughout the ages, expressed differently by different systems of belief and behaviour while retaining an essential Dudeistic spirit.    A superficial overlook of this system of belief and behaviour finds many similarities to early Taoism, a parallel which Dudeism itself encourages, particularly in regards to the Tao Te Ching. It is also clear that many of Dudeism’s central concepts are inspired or borrowed from said work.    This essay explores the relationship between Dudeism and Taoism through comparison, focusing on the teachings of Tao Te Ching in relation to Dudeist thought and practice. It seeks to establish Dudeism’s religious history as a religion firmly rooted in both a modern motion picture and ancient Eastern thought. The essay concludes that Dudeism has adapted the teachings of the Tao Te Ching for a modern, Western audience through the language and imagery of The Big Lebowski, adding its own twists to ancient concepts.

Submitted by MARILIA GABRIELA MALAVOLTA null (mariliamalavolta@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-27T13:23:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 M. Malavolta Pinho -Tese - Estudos Lit. - 2016.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: ae28473129bffa19f7ff653fe6a26ad7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-27T13:59:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pinho_mgm_dr_arafcl.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: ae28473129bffa19f7ff653fe6a26ad7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-27T13:59:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pinho_mgm_dr_arafcl.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: ae28473129bffa19f7ff653fe6a26ad7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-26 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O presente trabalho visa a propor que o ato narrativo de GH em A paixão segundo GH (1964), romance de Clarice Lispector, possui dimensão mística capaz de atestar uma apropriação intuitiva e estética, por parte da escritora, de prerrogativas do I Ching, o Livro das Mutações – grande repositório da cultura e sabedoria chinesas. Suas proposições argumentativas em torno deste eixo visam a incidir em espaços vazios (plenos de sentido) deixados pela crítica de Benedito Nunes. Com isto, espera-se que tais proposições agreguem novas possibilidades de leitura a alguns pontos levantados pelo acurado trabalho crítico empreendido por Nunes (dos quais aqui se destaca o pathos da escrita) e a metáforas ou códigos ficcionais empregados por Clarice, no que diz respeito, essencialmente, ao trabalho com a linguagem tal como empregado ou idealizado pela escritora frente à representação de uma realidade vivida, sentida ou intuída. Afluentes deste percurso são as imagens da Aderência aqui singularizada como um importante componente da poética clariciana. Confluentes deste percurso são as significativas relações diretas e indiretas, lineares e não lineares, em torno de Clarice Lispector, Benedito Nunes, a escrita ideogrâmica e o Clássico chinês das mutações. / The aim of this work is to propose that the narrative act of G.H. in Passion According to G.H. (1964), a novel by Clarice Lispector, features a mystical dimension which stands for the author’s intuitive and aesthetic appropriation of prerogatives found in I Ching, the Book of Changes – a great repository of Chinese culture and wisdom. The work’s argumentative proposition revolving around this core shall focus on empty spaces (full of meaning) left by Benedito Nunes’ criticism. As a result, it is expected that these propositions add new reading possibilities to some issues pointed out by the thorough critical work developed by Nunes (particularly the pathos of writing), as well as to metaphors and fictional codes used by Clarice, essentially regarding the work with language as used or devised by the writer in face of the representation of an experienced, felt or sensed reality. Contributions to this track are the images of Adherence singled out here as a major component of Lispectorian poetics. Convergences with this track are the significant direct and indirect, linear and non-linear relationships around Clarice Lispector, Benedito Nunes, ideogramic writing and the Chinese Classic of changes. / FAPESP: 2012/17156-0

University of Macau / Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences

晚清於西元1905年廢除科舉制度，並欲以西式新學堂代替科舉以育才選才，而數量龐大的傳統知識份子，以致失去其原本入仕的管道。本文先概述晚清廢科舉的來龍去脈，以理解科舉被停廢的緣由；而後再進一步討論當時政府對廢科舉所採取的配套措施，藉此探討新教育制度的實施情況，士子是否能與其順利銜接，以及未來的工作與出路，以了解入仕或往其他領域發展之士人佔所有科舉出身者的比率。簡言之，本文研究目的有三：一、探討科舉廢除後，傳統士人在社會變遷下的適應情形；二、探討代替科舉而起的新教育制度運作情形；三、探討科舉制度變遷的意義與對現代教育的啟示。 本文的研究對象為甲辰科進士273人、舉人8,000人、貢生35,000以及生員55,0000人。研究發現，甲辰科進士於朝考除授後，仍有97位的晚清經歷可考，進入民國後則有75位；而中下層傳統知識份子中，有約三成進入新式學堂中，其餘七成可能任議員、塾師、學堂職員、入仕、任職於民間機構，或者逐漸沒落。從研究發現中可得知，傳統知識份子於科舉廢除後，雖仍有相當影響力但其發展已大不如前，尤其是中下階層的傳統知識份子而言；而取代科舉的西式新學堂，則達到疏散大量生員的功能。 該措施對現代教育的啟示，則有三點：一、需有足夠的經費；二、舊有教育制度不宜全部廢除；三、不宜忽略舊式人才。而對後續的研究建議則有。 / The Civil Service Examination was abolished and replaced by the new western school system in late Ching China (1905). Thereafter, traditional intellectuals who passed the Civil Service Examination lost the channels to be officials. This study includes two parts. The first one is to describe the process and the reasons of abolishing Civil Service Examination. In order to inquire the transformation of the traditional intellectuals under the new education system. The second one is to discuss the supporting measures, including the new career of the traditional intellectuals. The main purposes of this study are as follows: (i) to inquire how the traditional intellectuals adapt to new social circumstances. (ii) To explore the operation of the new education system. (iii) To discuss the implications in modern education. The subjects of this study include 273 chia-chen-ko chin-shihs(甲辰科進士), 8,000 chu-jen(舉人), 35,000 kung-sheng(貢生), and 55,0000 hsiu tsai(生員). The findings of this study are: (i) The records of those who passed Cho-examination the trends of 97 chia-chen-ko chin-shihs in late Ching and 75 chia-chen-ko chin-shihs in ROC were found. (ii) The 30％ of chu-jen, kung-sheng, and hsiu tsai studied or taught in new type schools. The rest of them, 70% of the middle-low rank ones, served as congressmen, teachers of Ssu-shu, staffs of new school, officials, employees of private sectors or no records be found in the new era. (iii) After the Civil Service Examination being abolished, traditional intellectuals still had considerable influence than before but declining, especially the middle-lower rank of traditional intellectuals. (iv) New schools have achieved the goal of relocating traditional intellectuals.