Firethorns are usually planted in parks and gardens as an ornamental shrubs or hedges. Infestation of fruits by fungus V. inaequalis significantly decreases their aesthetic value and the fruits also lose atractivity. Venturia inaqualis is the most important pathogene of firethorn (Pyracantha coccinea M. J. Roemer). The aim of diploma thesis was to determine the options of firethorn scab regulation, to monitor and evaluate the frequency and intensity of pathogen occurrence on two sites (Šitbořice and Brno-Černá Pole), and to evaluate the efficiency of three fungicides with different mechanisms of action. It was proven a statistically significant influence of site on fruits infestation and also the influence of site on infestation of levels of shrub, from which the fruits were gathered. The least infested fruits were gathered from the top level of shrub. Highest efficiency on causative agent of firethorn scab was proved by fungicide Zato 50 WG, with the active substance trifloxystrobin (500 g/kg) and by fungicide Talent, with the active substance myclobutanil (200 g/l).

The diploma thesis deals with opinions of 20, 30, and 50 years old people on seniors´ lifestyle . The way of live influences bio-psycho-social-spiritual behaviour of a man. It shapes his or her personality development, competence, performance, identity and makes sense of life.

Factors that cause the development of fungal diseases is not only the state of health of trees but also their age, environment and last but not least, maintenance and care of trees. This thesis evaluates the impact of different levels and modes of damage to trees on the development of fungal diseases. Since the Highlands Region second richest in the alley, was chosen specifically Jihlavsko. This thesis consists of two parts. The first one describes the history of the alley, the importance and functions, their legislative security and characteristic alley harmful factors, including fungal diseases. The second part focuses on the specific model alley, where they are identified specific problems. Based on an evaluation of all aspects of the individual alleys a proposal to the preservation and restoration of these alleys.

The target of the work was verificated the varietal differences in varietal resistance onion Allium cepa L. to pathogens onion neck rot Botrytis aclada and pathogens mildew onion Peronospora destructor and verificated the effect of the seed treatment with hot water to reduce choosen pathogens of onion neck rot Botrytis aclada and mildew onion Peronospora destructor. Seed were sown to bowls with sand and destilled water. Bowls were place in growth chambers. For experiments with varietal resistance were used cultivar onion: Alice, Amfora F1, Avalon, Bolero F1, Grenada, Karmen, Tosca, Triumf F1 and Všetana. For experiments with hot watre treatment were used cultivar onion: Alice, Amfora F1, Unico F1 and Tandem. Growth chambre had ideal climate by method firm Moravoseed s. r. o. and seed germination was evaluented by method ISTA International Seed Testing Association. Experiments were evalueter by modified method by Pawelec et al. (2006). The results demonstrated the exists between coultivar differences the resistence onion to selected pathogens. The most resistence cultivar onion were Bolero F1, Karmen, Všetana and Triumf F1 againts the pathogens onion neck rot Botrytis aclada and cultivar onion Alice, Avalon, Bolero F1 and Tosca againts the pathogens mildew onion Peronospora destructor. The result demonstrated the effect of seed treatment with hot water to select pathogens hadn´t signification efect. Hot water treatment about 50 °C for 20 minuts for seeds onion can´t reduce infect onion neck rot Botrytis aclada and infect mildew onion Peronospora destructor. For cultivar onion Amfora F1 was observed treatment effect, but results were inconclusive. Growing varieties with better resistence to the phytopathogenic fungy, could be after verifying higher resistence in multi-experiment, important preventive tool for regulating presence of such diseases when growing onions.

This thesis deals with the issue of invasive pest and diseases invading pine trees in South Europe (Italy, France, Spain and Portugal). Pine trees are one of the largest families spread all over the world, including South Europe, which also has the highest number of invasive diseases. Information about the most important and most widespread invasive diseases and pests of pine trees in South Europe were identified and compared on several internet databases. This information is detail analyzed in the work. Information include the names of invasive pests and diseases, the year and the pathway of introduction in individual countries, their description, hosts, applied control measures etc. Thesis provides a unified and comprehensive facts about this issue. The most important and most widespread invasive diseases and pests of pine trees in South Europe are: Dothistroma septosporum, Lecanostica acicola, Fusarium circinatum, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus etc.

Main topic of this master thesis evaluates deseases and disorders on the school farm of Mendel University Brno. Following fruit trees were closely monitored between May and October 2015: Actinidia chinensis, peach, dogwood, pear, mountain ash, quince, almond, medlar, mulberry, juneberry, sea buckthorn and Rosa villosa. The most serious disease fire blight was not observerd at all, probably because all quince orchards nearby were chopped down several years ago. However there were other serious diseases observerd such as fading of annual shoot of sea buckthorn and mildew on juneberry. Amelanchier lamarcki species were affected more with mildew than A. alnifolia species. There were abiotic disorder observed on mountain ash due to lack of minerals, together with ringfleck mosaic. The least important disease symptoms were observed on peach, dogwood, pear, almond, mountain ash, quince a Rosa villosa. Medlar and mulberry were free from all diseases. All in all, the most important is to keep the right cultivation technique and early removal of infected and cracked branches. Juneberry also requires chemical treatment.

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