Diseases of affluence are those that accompany any given society at any given time. The best "treatment" for diseases of affluence is prevention, which in nursing practice can be achieved by using appropriate teaching methods. One of the diseases of affluence is tooth decay. Recent studies have shown a significant decrease in oral hygiene amongst children. The result is an increase in tooth decay which has a negative impact on the secondary dentition. Prevention should include increasing children?s awareness of their own health and learning effective teeth cleaning with the help of their parents. The role of nurses in primary prevention of oral health of children is indispensable and includes various educational activities. This thesis is focused on the use of appropriate teaching methods of tooth decay prevention in nursing practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a prevention programme called ?A Healthy Tooth?. This programme was aimed at children in kindergarten and pupils in the first four years of primary schools. Its aim was to increase their skills and knowledge of preventing tooth decay. It was also aimed at parents of the children who were trained in this programme. To achieve the purposes of this thesis we used a methodological triangulation technique which enabled us to examine the impact of the programme by applying several different methods. The following methods were used: a questionnaire for parents and children, interviews with children and direct observation of children while they were cleaning their teeth. The questionnaire for parents and children consisted of six closed questions about the issue of tooth decay prevention. The questionnaires were anonymous and were compiled for the purposea of this thesis. The questionnaires were distributed to the children with a written consent from their parents. The research sample for the quantitative survey of parents included parents of children from kindergartens and primary schools in Jindřichův Hradec. 130 questionnaires were distributed, 128 (98 %) of completed questionnaires were returned and none of them were discarded. The research sample for the quantitative investigation of children included children from kindergartens and the first four years of primary schools in Jindřichův Hradec. With the consent of the parents, 24 children from kindergartens and 108 children from primary schools were interviewed. 132 (100%) questionnaires were classified for further evaluation. The data were evaluated using Microsoft Excel charts. To verify the hypotheses, we used a test of independence ? chi-square ? using a PivotTable. For the semi-structured interviews with children, we created a schedule of questions. The central topic of the interview was tooth decay and its prevention. Interviews with children were conducted with the written consent of their parents and were anonymised. Direct observation of children during toothbrushing was conducted to explore the method and sequence of cleaning their teeth. It was noted in the answer sheet and photographs were taken with the consent of the parents of the respondents. The research sample for the qualitative survey consisted of ten children ? five children from kindergartens in Jindřichův Hradec and five children from primary schools in Jindřichův Hradec. The data were processed in the SmartArt diagrams and tables using Microsoft Office Word 2007. The results of the survey helped determine the depth of knowledge and skills in the tooth decay prevention of children. It showed some positive effects of the use of appropriate teaching methods in the effectiveness of the prevention programme in nursing practice. It also contributed to the improvement of dental health in the child population.

The dissertation is focused on the issue of contraception and reproductive health of young people. I therefore chose this topic of my dissertation because it interests me and it is also very current topic. I have specified the research in various types of secondary schools in Cesky Krumlov. The main aim of my dissertation was to map the knowledge of hormonal contraception and proven possible differences in sexual self behaviour in adolescent girls attending different high schools in Cesky Krumlov. The research was conducted using anonymous questionnaires that were distributed to girls aged 17 to 19 years. For my dissertation, I set four hypotheses that have been statistically confirmed. The results were interesting and there had been statistically significant differences in the level of knowledge about the risks of hormonal contraception among female students of Secondary Schools and other female students of Health Secondary Schools. In addition, the Vocational School students begin sexual life before other students of Secondary schools. Also the most common method of protection at first sexual intercourse is condom, but the most preferred contraceptives in adolescent girls, regardless of the type school studied, is hormonal contraception. According to the responses of girls we can see the differences in their own sexual behaviour, which is, in most cases conscientiously. Girls, however, are not sufficiently informed about hormonal contraception they use. I would advise to bring more lectures into schools about the positives and risks of hormonal contraception in general and also about all contraceptive options.

TITLE: Risk behaviors of adolescents in the areas of reproductive health AUTHOR: Bc. Anna Fendrichová DEPARTMENT: Department of pedagogy SUPERVISOR: PhDr. Jiří Kučírek PhD. ABSTRACT: This thesis deals with risk behaviour, with a special focus on reproductive health in late adolescence. The theoretical part first approaches risky behaviour in general and next it targets on reproductive health in adolescence, on its possible risks and consequences. The conclusion of the theoretical part is dedicated to the prevention of risky reproductive behaviour with emphasis on primary prevention. The research part of the thesis presents a quantitative research survey by means of a questionnaire. The analysis of the survey data provides information on adolescents' knowledge of reproductive health and their behaviour in this area. Further, it reveals whether there are differences in knowledge and behaviour among students who have a subject focused on health education and those who do not. The results of the survey showed that knowledge among the questioned adolescents is not at such a level as expected. Neither the differences in awareness and behaviour of adolescent students in particular branches are not as significant as one would expect. KEY WORDS: adolescence, risk behaviour, reproductive health, pregnancy, abortion...

This thesis is devoted to the lifestyle of the Czech population. The empirical research aims identify key characteristics of lifestyle of the Czech population, show the range of approaches to health, find out in what ways the Czech population cares about health, study to what extent Czechs respect the principles of a healthy lifestyle and investigate how well informed Czechs are about health. The theoretical part of this study consists of analyzing specialized literature in order to provide a comprehensive definition. Then using a number of previous studies it maps the risk behavior of the Czech population in relation to non-communicable diseases that can be caused by unhealthy lifestyle. The empirical part of the thesis provides tentative answers to the questions mentioned above. That is done by analyzing survey data complemented by an analysis of data provided by Marketing & Media & Lifestyle. The analyses concern both the entire Czech population and subsequently three selected sub-groups of respondents: (1) those who consider their lifestyle as healthy, (2) those who do not, and (3) a category of young people.

The thesis deals with the healthy lifestyle of Czech university students. The main objectives are to map the healthy lifestyle of Czech university students, especially to find out whether they follow the principles of healthy lifestyle, to find out their knowledge concerning this issue, to find out if there are any obstacles to follow the healthy lifestyle and to find out whether they know any projects supporting health and healthy lifestyle. In the theoretical part of the thesis the basic terms are defined. There is also introduced the system of public health in the Czech Republic, occurrence of non-communicable diseases caused by unhealthy lifestyle and risk factors causing these diseases. Practical part maps the healthy lifestyle of Czech university students and fulfills stated objectives by using questionnaire survey and data mining.

One hundred years after the discovery of antimicrobials and antibiotics, intracellular bacterial pathogens remain a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. This is due to the complex and intricate ability of these pathogens to undergo intracellular replication while evading host cell immune defense. Bacterial agents such as Legionella pneumophila, Francisella tularensis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as the causative agents of Legionnaires' disease, pulmonary tularemia, and tuberculosis (TB), respectively, contribute to this burden. Moreover, these agents are weaponizable pathogens due to their aerosolizability. TB represents a global health problem, although a potentially curative therapy has been available for approximately 50 years; this intracellular disease affects approximately 1 in 3 people worldwide, with over 10 million new cases per year and one death every three minutes. TB can usually be treated with a 6- to 9-month course of combined therapy. The necessity of using a cocktail of anti-TB drugs and the long-term treatment schedules required for conventional therapy, however, result in poor patient compliance; therefore, the risk of treatment failure and relapses is higher. Hence, improved drug delivery strategies for the existing drugs can be exploited to shorten the duration of TB...

This Diploma thesis explores the issue of queer femmes' access to sexual healthcare, and specifically focuses on the current situation of accessibility of sexual healthcare centers in Berlin. Written in constructivist paradigm, it is built on intersectional feminist theory, as well as post-colonial and disability studies. By employing autoethnographic research, the author aims to review local sexual healthcare facilities by describing her own experience, supplemented by questionnaires and interviews. Sharing intimate details of her own visits during which the author was tested or treated for sexually transmitted infections, she attempts to "queer" academic practice and present an approachable and highly personal body of work that embraces the researcher's subjectivity and entangled position. Apart from presenting findings of the research, this thesis also aims to offer possible solutions on how to make sexual healthcare more accessible to queer femmes, and includes the author's plans as a sex educator. Keywords: sexual healthcare, STIs, queer femmes, sexual health, autoethnography

The Diploma thesis evaluates food preferences and eating habits among young people between 20-30 years from Slovakia and Spain. It looks at the factors that influence the consumer behaviour, eating habits and how the consumers behave during their purchase in two different countries. The Diploma thesis brings the results from the research obtained from the questionnaire survey conducted in April 2016. The results obtained from the research are formulated into recommendations for economic subjects that deal with food marketing to fulfil the deficit in the mean of healthy food.

Bilirubin is a major product of the heme catabolism in the vascular bed with substantial antioxidant properties. These importantly contribute to pathogenesis of diseases associated with increased oxidative stress, including cardiovascular or cancer diseases. In the first part of this PhD project serum bilirubin concentrations were examined in the 1 % representative sample of the general Czech population, together with determination of the prevalence of Gilbert's syndrome. Bilirubin concentrations were determined also within individual polymorphisms of the UGT1A1 gene (OMIM*191740) responsible for bilirubin biotransformation in the liver, including their association with the basic risk factors for atherosclerosis. We also assessed the activity of the standard liver enzymes (representing another significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases) with surprisingly high proportion of subjects with elevated values. Simultaneously, we determined the concentrations of serum bilirubin in a group of patients with an acute coronary syndrome, who manifested with significantly lower concentrations as compared to general population. In the second part of this research project, the relationship between plasma concentrations of bilirubin and individual variants of UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms...

Summary: The thesis focuses on analyzing the impact of activities on quality of life of the older people. The basis comes from the study of literature and also from information collected on the issues. The work explains many concepts which are closely associated with age and aging. It includes the sciences which deal with that domain. Thesis provides an overview of the current system of care for older people in the Czech Republic. It focuses not only on theoretical definition but also on factors describing the quality of life for seniors, especially the positive highlights and the impact of appropriate activities on the course of aging. The research section describes findings which have emerged from the survey among seniors. It is focused on determining the degree of satisfaction for the Generation of the Third Age with the course of life at the present. Specifically it deals with the exploration of the relationship between an active life and the quality of life. The result of the survey reflects almost exactly all the information which has long been well known and scientifically proven.