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Research of Cheng Yin Chu Hua.

This dissertation aims to deal Pei Chu-yi (¥Õ©~©ö¡A772-846), the most important poet in Tang Dynasty, with his influence on the lyric development in Sung Dynasty. With the concept of intertextuality as my methodology, Pei Chu-yi is treated as a pivotal role in my new reading the lyrics composed in Sung Dynasty (960-1279 A.D.). As it will be shown, many lyrics in Sung are highly intertextualized with Pei¡¦s poems, and the works of Huang Ting-jan ¶À®x°í(1045-1105) illustrated the very example in how a poet related himself (including his personal experiences, view of literature, etc.) as a follower to the pioneering poet Pei. Therefore, from the later literary and cultural continuities with Pei, I apply the concept of ¡§intertextuality¡¨ to re-read and re-explore the ideas of ¡§text,¡¨ imitation,¡¨ and even ¡§originality¡¨ during the ancient China. In this ground, ¡§intertextuality¡¨ represents a poet¡¦s personal and historical identities via his own poems. Yet there will be some limits when doing the mentioned ¡§intertextualizing¡¨ readings. As I will illustrate, many political experiences are less ¡§straightforwardly¡¨ put into lyrics as Pei had done in his ¡§Pi-Pa Yin¡¨(µ\µ]¤Þ). In this ground, the idea of ¡§intertextuality¡¨ needs to be subdivided into two types: the general one and the specific one. The former indicates a universal humanity and emotion aroused by misfortune, blame, ideology and conflicting values while the latter shows a poetic (and subjective) identity in a poet¡¦s representing himself via his poems Several contributions can be thereby found in this dissertation. First, lyric poets of Sung Dynasty favored Pei¡¦s works, mainly composed in his exile at Chiang Chu (¦¿¦{). Second, lyric poets of Sung Dynasty found their own ways to release or relive from their political identities through Pei¡¦s poems. Thirdly and finally, we can never feature the lyric poems in Sung Dynasty without Pei¡¦s poetics. With the three main points, I further develop an ¡§affiliative ¡¨ relationship between Pei and lyric poets of Sung Dynasty. With the help of Julia Kristiva¡¦s ¡§chora¡¨ concept, I analyze some key words both used by Pei and his followers so as to display the different semiotics applied in Tang Dynasty and in Sung Dynasty. In my last chapter, I suggest several ways to re-read Pei¡¦s works with literary works in different dynasties (for instance, to intertextualize Pei¡¦s ¡§Chung Hung Ke¡¨(ªø«ëºq) with Pei Pu¡¦s drama ¡§U Tun Yu¡¨(±ï®ä«B) in Yuan Dynasty, with Hung Sheng¡¦s fiction Chung Sheng Dien (ªø¥Í·µ) in Chin Dynasty). With this ¡§intertextual¡¨ research, cross-genre studies will be more valuable and thus significant. Finally, I recommend to develop more literary ¡§affiliations¡¨ between one dynasty and the other. Such comparisons as lyric poets of Sung with Han Yu (Áú·U) or with Du Fu (§ù¨j) will renovate the traditional readings of Tang Poetry (­ð¸Ö) and Sung Lyric (§ºµü).

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Submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Arts in the Department of African Languages at the University of Zululand, South Africa, 2010. / Lona ngumsebenzi wocwaningo oluhlelwe ngokwezahluko eziyisihlanu. Ucwaningo olwenziwe kulo msebenzi lumayelana nemigubho egujwa ebandleni lamaNazaretha, lugxile emigubheni yeNhlalisuthi noJamengweni. Isahluko sokuqala sethula ucwaningo jikelele ngokucwaningisisa izinjongo zocwaningo, intshisekelo / inkuthazo yocwaningo, indlela yokuqhuba ucwaningo, imidiyo / imiklamo yocwaningo, abazohlomula kulolu cwaningo kanye nezingqinamba ucwaningo olungase luhlangabezane nazo. Isahluko sesibili sethula izinsizakuhlaziya ucwaningo oluzohamba phezu kwazo. Izinsizakuhlaziya zizosiza ucwaningo ukuthi lungantengantengi kodwa luhambe phezu kwesisekelo esisekelwe izinsizakuhlaziya. Isahluko sesithathu sethula imvunulo yezinhla zonke zaleli bandla. Kuqalwe ngemvunulo yeNhlalisuthi yabekwa yalamaniswa ngononina nangesinono sekati. Kulandela imvunulo yezinzalabantu nayo ibekwe yalanyaniswa ngononina. Eyezintombi nayo ibe isilandela yabekwa nayo futhi ngononina. Ekugcineni kube sekulandela eyezinsizwa. Ezinsizweni kuqalwe ngesikotshi esibomvu kwagcina esimnyama. Izithombe zemvunulo yonke ngokwezinhla ifakwe ocwaningweni ukulekelela abangayazi ngamehlo enyama ukuba bayibone ezithombeni ocwaningweni. Konke lokhu kuhambisana nenjula yaleyo naleyo mvunulo ngokwebandla nesintu jikelele. Isahluko sesine sethula imigidi isisesigcawini. Lesi sahluko sibuye sithaphuze imithetho okumele ilandelwe uma ilunga lizozibandakanya emgidini. Imithetho ibekwe ngokwezinhla zaleli bandla. Kuqale imithetho yeNhlalisuthi, kwalandela eyoJamengweni, kwalandela eyezintombi kwagcina izinsizwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi ilungu nelungu lizibophezele ekugcineni le mithetho futhi liyigcine ukuze libe yingxenye yaleso naleso sigaba nokwenza kwaso. Isahluko sesihlanu simayelana nokuhlaziya nokuphothulwa kocwaningo. Siphethe izincomo nokusonga jikelele kocwaningo. Lesi sahluko sibophe saqinisa onke amafindo abesele elenga ocwaningweni sawabopha athula athi du.

"A small “spiralpole” antenna – the hybrid structure where one dipole wing is kept, but another wing is replaced by a coaxial single-arm spiral, is studied both theoretically and experimentally. Such a structure implies the implementation of an impedance-matching network (an inductor in series with a small dipole) directly as a part of the antenna body. The antenna impedance behavior thus resembles the impedance behavior of a small dipole in series with an extra inductance, which is that of the spiral. However, there are two improvements compared to the case when an equivalent small dipole is matched with an extra lumped inductor. First, the spiralpole antenna has a significantly larger radiation resistance – the radiation resistance increases by a factor of two or more. This is because the volume of the enclosing sphere is used more efficiently. Second, a potentially lower loss is expected since we only need a few turns of a greater radius. The radiation pattern of a small spiralpole antenna is that of a small dipole, so is the first (series) resonance. The Q-factor of the antenna has been verified against the standard curves. The antenna is convenient in construction and is appealing when used in conjunction with passive RFID tags such as SAW temperature sensors. "

Against the background of a rapidly collapsing socialist empire in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union, socialist China has since the late 1970s consciously endeavored to develop a "socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics." This thesis assesses the process of economic and spatial transformation in the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Delta, one of the fastest growing economic regions in China. The purposes are to identify the general pattern of economic and spatial changes, to determine the key forces responsible for such changes, and to explore the theoretical implications of these changes in the broader context of interpretation about the operating mechanism of regional development. The overall objective is to understand how a regional economy under socialism is transformed after the intrusion of global market forces. My analyses of regional data and indepth case studies reveal that the Zhujiang Delta has since 1979 moved away from the previous impasse of involutionary growth or growth without development and entered a new era of real transformative development in which dramatic growth has occurred not only in agricultural and industrial output but also in labour productivity, per capita income, and employment. The take-off of the delta's regional economy has owed little to the expansion of state-run modern manufacturing, but has been fueled primarily by numerous small-scale, labour-intensive, and rural-base industries. The spatial outcome of this rural industrialization has been a rapid urbanization of the countryside, especially of the area adjacent to and between major metropolitan centres. There has been no increasing concentration of population in large cities as the conventional wisdom of urban transition might have predicted. Regional development in the Zhujiang Delta during the 1980s was not an outcome of any active state involvement. It was instead a result of relaxed control by the socialist central state over the delta's regional economy. Local governments, along with the collective and private sectors, are found to be the chief agents responsible for the transformation of the peasant economy and the development of the transport infrastructure. The penetration of global market forces via Hong Kong into the Zhujiang Delta has significantly facilitated the process of economic, spatial, and social transformation. This study of the operating mechanism of regional development in the Zhujiang Delta presents a dialectical model of local-global interaction to combat the two prevailing schools of exogenism and endogenism. It also suggests that previous theories on Chinese regional development, which assumed a strong socialist central state monopolizing local economic affairs, might need fundamental modifications. For the Zhujiang Delta, the development of which is still in the early take-off stage, the establishment of a modern transport infrastructure has shown remarkable effects, leading to rather than following the growth of the delta's economy. Finally, the relocation of transnational capital and manufacturing production from Hong Kong to the Zhujiang Delta has not displayed a spatial tendency of high concentration in the primate city as the conventional theory of globalization would suggest. Non-economic factors such as historical, cultural, and social linkages between investors and their target regions are found to have played a major role which should not be overlooked in understanding the mechanism and spatial patterns of the internationalization of production.

Maize grain yield is often highly influenced by the genotype-by-environment (GxE) interactions which limit plant breeders’ ability to select for superior performance as variation in line performance exists across different environments. While studies have focused on the genetic components underlining GxE interactions, few have investigated the environmental components. The focus of this thesis was to investigate the role that soil moisture stress plays in the formation of GxE patterns using a unique set of hybrid recombinant inbred lines (RIL) that exhibit minimal phenological differences. With the use of environmental groups (EG, environments with similar GxE patterns), the field trials demonstrated that different EGs form when relative soil moisture stress is moderate to high; however, relative low soil moisture stress did not appear to influence the formation of GxE patterns. Seasonal corn heat unit (CHU) accumulation among EGs was the likely cause for EG differentiation among the low moisture stress EGs. It appears that CHUs were the primary cause of different GxE patterns forming when they did not exceed the recommended CHU for a population and when CHU differed greatly from one environment to another. When CHU were not limiting different GxE patterns formed based on the relatively moderate to high soil moisture stress conditions within the growing season. / Ontario Research Fund, National Science and Engineering Research Council, and The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.