<p>The aim of this study is to analyse the Swedish state´s ambition in achieving equality among its citizens. By studying the new urban policy introduced by the government in 1998 from a theoretical perspective the purpose of this essay is to understand the ideational dimensions in this policy project, in regard to established understandings about equality.</p><p>The theoretical framework on which this study is based consists of two different parts. The first presents dominating models on welfare states, mainly focusing on the socialdemocratic welfare state. The second introduces influential theoretical views on equality, primarily discussing universalism and a differentiated equality view. It also presents theoretical views on how to understand the relationship between the state an its citizens. This essay is taking its departure from a perspective based on constructionism, by asking how the problem was constructed and what the policy tells us. It is a case study using a discoursive approach in analysing the policy from an understanding of policies as arguments shaped by normative assumptions made by actors whose assumptions are limited by the discourse in which they exist.</p><p>The main result of the study is that since the policy was created while the socialdemocratic party was in government, the normative assumptions, on which the party base its analysis on society, therefore had a main influence on the policy. Even though the analysis of the policy shows a tendency in Swedish welfare politics moving away from universalism towards a differentiated view on equality, with the state still marked by communitarian ideals, there appears to be a resistance towards including the perspective of cultural recognition next to the traditional view on economic redistribution based on a class theory.</p>

The aim of this study is to analyse the Swedish state´s ambition in achieving equality among its citizens. By studying the new urban policy introduced by the government in 1998 from a theoretical perspective the purpose of this essay is to understand the ideational dimensions in this policy project, in regard to established understandings about equality. The theoretical framework on which this study is based consists of two different parts. The first presents dominating models on welfare states, mainly focusing on the socialdemocratic welfare state. The second introduces influential theoretical views on equality, primarily discussing universalism and a differentiated equality view. It also presents theoretical views on how to understand the relationship between the state an its citizens. This essay is taking its departure from a perspective based on constructionism, by asking how the problem was constructed and what the policy tells us. It is a case study using a discoursive approach in analysing the policy from an understanding of policies as arguments shaped by normative assumptions made by actors whose assumptions are limited by the discourse in which they exist. The main result of the study is that since the policy was created while the socialdemocratic party was in government, the normative assumptions, on which the party base its analysis on society, therefore had a main influence on the policy. Even though the analysis of the policy shows a tendency in Swedish welfare politics moving away from universalism towards a differentiated view on equality, with the state still marked by communitarian ideals, there appears to be a resistance towards including the perspective of cultural recognition next to the traditional view on economic redistribution based on a class theory.

Hemsidor är väldigt populära idag. Där finns mycket information som påverkar vårt sätt att handla, tänka och interagera. Samtidigt kan hemsidorna ha information som kan analyseras och tolkas på olika sätt med hjälp av olika teorier. Denna studie utgår från Bourdieus socialaklassteori och Basil Bernsteins teori om pedagogiska identiteter. Studien analyserar två gymnasiehemsidor. Bilden av den goda eleven studeras noggrant samt de olika stereotyperna på hemsidorna. Denna studie gör en diskursanalys av sexbilder som pekar på elevernas aktiviteter på två kommunala skolor och på skillnader mellan dem. Det gäller en kommunal gymnasieskola i centrala Stockholm ochkommunalgymnasieskola i en Stockholmsförort. Studien visar att det finns en polarisering mellan skolorna. Norra Real Gymnasium som är skolan från centrala Stockholm inriktar sig mot samhällets elitoch eleverna därverkar ha mer symbolisktkapital och haraktiviteter som utvecklardetta vidare. Tensta Gymnasium, som är gymnasieskolan iförorten,fokuserar mest på integrationgenom att göra aktiviteter som utvecklar elevernasätt att integrera sig i samhället. Det är ganska vaga aktiviteter såsomattklistra in olika färger frånhänderna på väggen. / Website pages are very popular today. There is a lot of information that affects our way of shopping, thinking and interacting. At the same time, the websites may have information that can be analyzed and interpreted in different ways using different theories.This study is based on Bourdieu's social class theory and Basil Bernstein's theory of educational identities. The study analyzestwo high school websites. The image of the good student is studied carefully as well as the different stereotypes on the websites. This study makes a discourse analysis of six images that points to the students' activities at two municipal schools and on differences between them. This applies to a municipal upper secondary school in central Stockholm and municipal upper secondary school in a Stockholm suburb. The study shows that there is a polarization between schools. Norra Real Gymnasium, which is the school from central Stockholm, focuses on society's elite and the students there seem to have more symbolic capital and have activities that further develop this. Tensta Gymnasium, which is the secondary school in the suburb, focuses most on integration by doing activities that develop students' ways of integrating themselves into society.It's quite vague activities like sticking paper hands of different colors on a wall.

Studiens syfte är att förstå hur nyhetskonsumenter med olika nivå av institutionaliserat kulturellt kapital uppfattar innehållet i traditionella medier, högerpolitiska alternativmedier och högerextrema alternativmedier för att se hur dessatolkningar kan ge upphov till annorlunda sätt att se på en och samma företeelse med skilda vinklingar. Tidigare studier inom fältet har fokuserat på vilka typer av medier nyhetskonsumenter med olika bakgrund konsumerar men inte så mycket på hur innehållet uppfattas. Det är något som denna studie bringar klarhet kring. Studien är en kvalitativ intervjustudie där sex nyhetskonsumenter med olika bakgrund, beroende på utbildning och yrke, fått läsa och svara på frågor om tre olika nyhetsartiklar som behandlar samma händelse, attacken mot Notre-Damekatedralen i Nice den 29 oktober 2020. Intervjuerna har sedan analyserats utifrån encoding/decoding-perspektivet och ett klassteoretiskt perspektiv. Resultatet visar att den allmänna uppfattningen av artiklarna är relativt likartad respondenterna emellan. Resultatet visar även att varken traditionella medier eller alternativa medier uppfattas som objektiva eller trovärdiga. Det klassteoretiska resultatet visar att respondenter med ett högre kulturellt kapital applicerar ett mer kritiskt förhållningssätt genom att i större utsträckning applicera sina egna åsikter på de iakttagelser som görs. / The purpose of this study is to understand how news consumers with different levels of institutionalized cultural capital perceive traditional and right-wing alternative media in order to see how these interpretations may give rise to different ways to view the same phenomenon with different angles. Previous studies within the same field have focused on what types of media news consumers with different backgrounds consume, but not so much how the content is perceived. How the content is perceived is something this study brings clarity to. This is a qualitative interview study where six news consumers with different backgrounds, depending on education and occupation, are asked to read and answer some questions regarding three different news articles. These articles cover the same story, which is the attack against the Notre-Dame cathedral in Nice on October 29th in 2020. The interviews have been analysed through the encoding/decoding-perspective, as well as class theory perspective.   The result showcases that the general perception of the articles is relatively similar between the different respondents. The result also shows that neither the traditional nor the alternative media is perceived as objective or trustworthy. Furthermore, the result from a class theory perspective also shows how respondents with a higher cultural capital applies a more critical approach by applying their own opinions to a greater extent on the observations that are made.

This study sought to explore gender issues affecting management promotions in Malawi's health care services, utilising both qualitative and quantitative techniques in data collection and analysis. Promotion patterns were compared and contrasted for male and female managers. The study was based on the assumptions that • both men and women were aware of experiences that affected their promotion opportunities • promotion patterns showed fewer variations than did cultural, social and gender factors • male prejudices were maintained which oppressed women's promotions • increased decision-making power lowered stress about professional growth and development The findings supported the first two assumptions, but not the last two. The findings suggested that males and females encountered similar experiences concerning managerial promotions in Malawi's health care services. Factors that enhanced management successes for both males and females included management orientation and mentorship. Unclear promotion policies and procedures hindered management promotions. Information derived from this research could enable policy-makers to establish an environment that increases supportive networks and interactions between male and female managers in Malawi. Furthermore, to ensure equal opportunities in the health care services management, monitoring strategies by Malawi's Ministry of Gender, the Department of Human Resources Management and Development, and the Ministry of Health and Population need to be established and implemented. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

This study sought to explore gender issues affecting management promotions in Malawi's health care services, utilising both qualitative and quantitative techniques in data collection and analysis. Promotion patterns were compared and contrasted for male and female managers. The study was based on the assumptions that • both men and women were aware of experiences that affected their promotion opportunities • promotion patterns showed fewer variations than did cultural, social and gender factors • male prejudices were maintained which oppressed women's promotions • increased decision-making power lowered stress about professional growth and development The findings supported the first two assumptions, but not the last two. The findings suggested that males and females encountered similar experiences concerning managerial promotions in Malawi's health care services. Factors that enhanced management successes for both males and females included management orientation and mentorship. Unclear promotion policies and procedures hindered management promotions. Information derived from this research could enable policy-makers to establish an environment that increases supportive networks and interactions between male and female managers in Malawi. Furthermore, to ensure equal opportunities in the health care services management, monitoring strategies by Malawi's Ministry of Gender, the Department of Human Resources Management and Development, and the Ministry of Health and Population need to be established and implemented. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

This study sought to explore gender issues affecting management promotions in Malawi's health care services, utilising both qualitative and quantitative techniques in data collection and analysis. Promotion patterns were compared and contrasted for male and female managers. The study was based on the assumptions that • both men and women were aware of experiences that affected their promotion opportunities • promotion patterns showed fewer variations than did cultural, social and gender factors • male prejudices were maintained which oppressed women's promotions • increased decision-making power lowered stress about professional growth and development The findings supported the first two assumptions, but not the last two. The findings suggested that males and females encountered similar experiences concerning managerial promotions in Malawi's health care services. Factors that enhanced management successes for both males and females included management orientation and mentorship. Unclear promotion policies and procedures hindered management promotions. Information derived from this research could enable policy-makers to establish an environment that increases supportive networks and interactions between male and female managers in Malawi. Furthermore, to ensure equal opportunities in the health care services management, monitoring strategies by Malawi's Ministry of Gender, the Department of Human Resources Management and Development, and the Ministry of Health and Population need to be established and implemented. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)

This study sought to explore gender issues affecting management promotions in Malawi's health care services, utilising both qualitative and quantitative techniques in data collection and analysis. Promotion patterns were compared and contrasted for male and female managers. The study was based on the assumptions that • both men and women were aware of experiences that affected their promotion opportunities • promotion patterns showed fewer variations than did cultural, social and gender factors • male prejudices were maintained which oppressed women's promotions • increased decision-making power lowered stress about professional growth and development The findings supported the first two assumptions, but not the last two. The findings suggested that males and females encountered similar experiences concerning managerial promotions in Malawi's health care services. Factors that enhanced management successes for both males and females included management orientation and mentorship. Unclear promotion policies and procedures hindered management promotions. Information derived from this research could enable policy-makers to establish an environment that increases supportive networks and interactions between male and female managers in Malawi. Furthermore, to ensure equal opportunities in the health care services management, monitoring strategies by Malawi's Ministry of Gender, the Department of Human Resources Management and Development, and the Ministry of Health and Population need to be established and implemented. / Health Studies / D.Litt. et Phil. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-07T16:46:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 guilhermerafaelsoares.pdf: 5619162 bytes, checksum: 75fa907e315795bd1f893ed8c941e9bd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-07T21:41:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 guilhermerafaelsoares.pdf: 5619162 bytes, checksum: 75fa907e315795bd1f893ed8c941e9bd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-07T21:41:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 guilhermerafaelsoares.pdf: 5619162 bytes, checksum: 75fa907e315795bd1f893ed8c941e9bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-30 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / Esta pesquisa sistematiza um catálogo de experimentos constituído de estudos musicais e seus algoritmos geradores, organizando procedimentos para composição assistida por computador orientados por regras derivadas de análises musicais de contexto pós-tonal. Os procedimentos são inspirados em apontamentos de estudos sobre pós-tonalidade no compositor Béla Bartók, encontrados nas obras de Lendvai (1971), Antokoletz (1984), Cohn (1991) e Suchoff (2004). Problematizam-se aqui os conceitos de ciclos intervalares, eixos de simetria, polimodalismo e peculiaridades de coleções referenciais de classes de altura - conforme sugestões de Forte (1973), Straus (2004) e Susanni e Antokoletz (2012). São detalhadas questões computacionais para esta implementação, utilizando como base as ferramentas OpenMusic e biblioteca Python Music21. Um legado em código aberto fica disponível para continuidades possíveis deste trabalho. / This research produces a catalog of experiments in musical studies and its related generative algorithms, organizing procedures for computer aided composition oriented by constraints extracted from post-tonal musical analyses. The procedures are inspired by post-tonality studies of Béla Bartók’s music, found in the works of Lendvai (1971), Antokoletz (1984), Cohn (1991) and Suchoff (2004). Main focus on problematization of interval cycles, symmetry axis, polymodalism and peculiarity of referencial collections from pitch-class set theory - as sugested by Forte (1973), Straus (2004) and Susanni e Antokoletz (2012). Details of computational issues for the implementation, using the open source tools OpenMusic and Music21 (python library) as base.