Thesis (Ed. S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Counseling Psychology and Special Education, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-71).

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / The late- to post-collisional Cape Granite Suite (CGS) located in the southwest of South Africa is comprised of S-, I-, and A-type granites, mafic intrusives, and volcanic flows. The CGS is interpreted to have formed during the closing of the Adamastor Ocean during the Late-Proterozoic to Early-Cambrian. Recently, the S-type granites have received much attention concerning their petrogenesis and sources. However, the I- and A-type granites remain poorly understood and little studied. Therefore, with new geochemical and isotopic data the petrogenesis, sources, and tectonic settings of I- (Vredenburg Batholith) and A-type (Cape Columbine) granites of the CGS form the focus for this study. The major and trace element data presented in this thesis show that the granites from the Vredenburg Batholith are weakly peraluminous to metaluminous, ferroan, and alkali-calcic. Associated with the granites are metaluminous, magnesian, and calc-alkalic igneous enclaves. Formerly, the granites have been interpreted to have formed by fractionation. However, with new geochemical analyses and reassessment of such models, it can be shown that such processes are incompatible with accounting for the chemical variation displayed by the granites and their enclaves. Moreover, the I-type granites and enclaves exhibit positive linear trends between whole-rock major and trace elements vs. maficity (Fe + Mg), which can be explained by co-entrainment of peritectic and accessory phases. The lithogeochemical characteristics of the enclaves and host granite reflect melting of a heterogeneous source. Moreover, the granite and enclave"s ?Nd(t) values reflect melting of Paleoproterozoic-aged crustal sources. Finally, with tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams, it can be shown that the tectonic setting of the granites indicates a transition from a collisional to extensional regime which corroborates the inferences of previous studies. The Cape Columbine Granites lithogeochemical characteristics are ferroan, calc-alkalic and weakly peraluminous. They show typical A-type granite characteristics in having high silica content, high Na + K values, REE enrichment as compared to S- and I-type granites and strong negative Eu anomalies. For this thesis, it can be shown that anatexis of quartzofeldspathic protolith in an extensional regime produced the chemical variation of the Cape Columbine Granite. Moreover, their isotope ratios are typically radiogenic, indicative of a crustal origin. With this new geochemical data evidence is provided against and in support of previous inferences made about the petrogenesis of the I- and A-type granites of the CGS. This also betters our understanding of the magmatic processes involved in the construction of the CGS over time.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / The late− to post−collisional Cape Granite Suite (CGS) located in the southwest of South Africa is comprised of S−, I−, and A−type granites, mafic intrusives, and volcanic flows. The CGS is interpreted to have formed during the closing of the Adamastor Ocean during the Late−Proterozoic to Early−Cambrian. Recently, the S−type granites have received much attention concerning their petrogenesis and sources. However, the I− and A−type granites remain poorly understood and little studied. Therefore, with new geochemical and isotopic data the petrogenesis, sources, and tectonic settings of I− (Vredenburg Batholith) and A−type (Cape Columbine) granites of the CGS form the focus for this study. The major and trace element data presented in this thesis show that the granites from the Vredenburg Batholith are weakly peraluminous to metaluminous, ferroan, and alkali−calcic. Associated with the granites are metaluminous, magnesian, and calc−alkalic igneous enclaves. Formerly, the granites have been interpreted to have formed by fractionation. However, with new geochemical analyses and reassessment of such models, it can be shown that such processes are incompatible with accounting for the chemical variation displayed by the granites and their enclaves. Moreover, the I−type granites and enclaves exhibit positive linear trends between whole−rock major and trace elements vs. maficity (Fe + Mg), which can be explained by co−entrainment of peritectic and accessory phases. The lithogeochemical characteristics of the enclaves and host granite reflect melting of a heterogeneous source. Moreover, the granite and enclave's εNd(t) values reflect melting of Paleoproterozoic-aged crustal sources. Finally, with tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams, it can be shown that the tectonic setting of the granites indicates a transition from a collisional to extensional regime which corroborates the inferences of previous studies. The Cape Columbine Granites lithogeochemical characteristics are ferroan, calc−alkalic and weakly peraluminous. They show typical A−type granite characteristics in having high silica content, high Na + K values, REE enrichment as compared to S− and I−type granites and strong negative Eu anomalies. For this thesis, it can be shown that anatexis of quartzofeldspathic protolith in an extensional regime produced the chemical variation of the Cape Columbine Granite. Moreover, their isotope ratios are typically radiogenic, indicative of a crustal origin. With this new geochemical data evidence is provided against and in support of previous inferences made about the petrogenesis of the I− and A−type granites of the CGS. This also betters our understanding of the magmatic processes involved in the construction of the CGS over time.

I vår studie har vi undersökt hur journalister gestaltar tre amerikanska skolskjutningar i svensk och amerikansk press. Skolskjutningarna ägde rum på Columbine High School, Virginia Tech och Sandy Hook Elementary School. Vi har analyserat sammanlagt 91 texter publicerade i Aftonbladet, Dagens Nyheter och New York Times. Teorierna vi har valt till vår studie är gestaltningsteori, media events och moralpanik. Kvantitativt har vi undersökt hur journalisterna valt att gestalta gärningsmännen och vilka som fått komma till tals i artiklarna. Kvalitativt har vi närstuderat 12 texter med fokus på skillnaderna mellan de svenska och amerikanska journalisternas gestaltning. Slutsatserna vi kan dra från vår studie är att rapporteringen skiljer sig åt mellan svenska Dagens Nyheter och amerikanska New York Times. De amerikanska journalisterna har större benägenhet att gestalta överlevande i skolskjutningar som “hjältar” och gärningsmännen som “onda personer”. De svenska journalisterna dramatiserar händelserna med fokus på sorg och tragedi. Både de svenska och amerikanska journalisterna väljer att gestalta gärningsmännen som unika individer.

<div>The 1999 Columbine High School shooting was a bold reminder which emphasized the importance of active shooter preparedness for the first responder communities and the general public. Since Columbine, the preparedness for active shooter incidents (ASIs) both in the public and private sectors proactively took place. Currently, the RUN.HIDE.FIGHT.{\textregistered} (RHF) response for unarmed individuals is implemented as part of the emergency response throughout the United States. Despite the RHF's nationwide implementation, there is a lack of literature that supports the effectiveness of RHF to lower casualty rates during ASIs. </div><div></div><div>This thesis examined casualty differences of RHF and the shooters' discharge interval by creating the incidents that have occurred in the library during the 1999 Columbine High School shooting with AnyLogic's agent-based modeling capabilities. Recreating ASI in a virtual environment naturally removes the participants’ physiological and psychological implications. Additionally, the flexibility of agent-based modeling allows validating the model based on the historical events than to run various what-if scenarios. The outcome of this thesis examines the effectiveness of RHF by comparing the output data from the actual event to models with RHF implementation.</div>

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (M.A.) in Communication--University of Maine, 2004. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves134-146).

<p><p>This survey's main purpose is to highlight how the two Swedish newspapers Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter writes and describes four different school shootings. We wanted to find out if there is a general pattern of how school shootings are reported by the media. Two of the shootings occured in USA, Columbine and Virginia Tech, and two in Finland, Kauhajoki and Jokela. The analysis aims at three areas: the whole event, the perpetrator and the victim.</p><p> </p><p>We have used a qualitative content analysis with a semiotic model to examine the articles in the survey. The theories in the study is based upon views on social constructionism, media logic, stereotypization, representation, morale panic/media panic and media events. With the foundation of our chosen theories we have seen a certain amount of articles that is slightly perfunctory and you can tell a template have been layed upon many articles.</p><p> </p><p>One of our conclusions from our survey is that Aftonbladet is a more frequent user of indecent and powerful metaphores and metonymies than Dagens Nyheter. For example is the term bloodbath used a couple of times by Aftonbladet but not by Dagens Nyheter. We have also found out that the perpetrator is generally described as a stereotype when his bad qualities are strenghten and his good qualities are ironed out.</p></p>

This survey's main purpose is to highlight how the two Swedish newspapers Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter writes and describes four different school shootings. We wanted to find out if there is a general pattern of how school shootings are reported by the media. Two of the shootings occured in USA, Columbine and Virginia Tech, and two in Finland, Kauhajoki and Jokela. The analysis aims at three areas: the whole event, the perpetrator and the victim.   We have used a qualitative content analysis with a semiotic model to examine the articles in the survey. The theories in the study is based upon views on social constructionism, media logic, stereotypization, representation, morale panic/media panic and media events. With the foundation of our chosen theories we have seen a certain amount of articles that is slightly perfunctory and you can tell a template have been layed upon many articles.   One of our conclusions from our survey is that Aftonbladet is a more frequent user of indecent and powerful metaphores and metonymies than Dagens Nyheter. For example is the term bloodbath used a couple of times by Aftonbladet but not by Dagens Nyheter. We have also found out that the perpetrator is generally described as a stereotype when his bad qualities are strenghten and his good qualities are ironed out.