The main topic of the Master's thesis are the possibilities of development of communication abilities during the preschool age through extracurricular activities. The research study is qualitative and its goal is to determine the effect of group speech therapy sessions on the communication abilities of children attending a mainstream preschool. The Master's thesis is divided into two parts - a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part provides basic information about the overall development of children from the time of birth until reaching school age. It describes the development of children's motor skills, the development of sensory perception (visual and auditory perception) and the development of communication abilities. Each part also contains information about the possibilities of stimulating the individual areas of development. The theoretical part also defines and describes impaired communication ability. The thesis deals in more detail with the types of impaired communication ability which occur frequently in population. Based on the research study, a description of impaired communication ability in hearing-impaired people is provided. The practical part consists of a qualitative research study. The goal of the study is to determine whether group speech therapy sessions affect...

This diploma thesis deals with communication skills of people with moderate mental disabilities in institutional care. The theoretical framework is divided into three chapters. The first chapter focuses on adults with moderate mental disabilities. First, it defines and characterizes adulthood, further defines and classifies mental disability and lastly characterizes adult individuals with mental disabilities. The next chapter is devoted to communication, which is defined along with communication skills. This chapter also describes symptomatic speech disorders of people with mental disabilities and individual language levels and the impact of mental disability on them in detail. The last chapter of the theoretical part approaches the support of people with mental disabilities in the framework of social services. First of all, it focuses on the history of social services for people with mental disabilities, then on the legislative consolidation of social services. In conclusion, this chapter describes some types and forms of social services. The practical part contains the elaboration of a qualitative research which was conducted on people with moderate mental disabilities in institutional care. The main objective of the research was to analyze communication skills of people with moderate mental...

The diploma thesis "Manifestations in the language levels of the 1st grade pupils of the regular elemntary school" consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part deals with general terms from the area of speech and language development, describes the development of motor skills, auditory and visual perception. Furthermore, it describes individual language levels and the most common types of speech disorders encountered in primary school pupils. The research part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of speech manifestations on individual levels of pupils of the first grade of the regular elementary school. The partial aim of the research is to analyze the gross, fine and oromotorics of the examined children, to analyze their auditory and visual perception and to analyze the quality of all language levels. KEYWORDS: communication ability, language levels, motor skills, dyslalia

The Swedish curriculum points out mathematical communication as one of the importantabilities that students need to develop. Previous studies show that students have not been given the right conditions to develop this ability sufficiently. The purpose of this study is to investigate how some Swedish teachers interpret mathematical communication and how the work with this takes place in their classrooms. The investigation consists of qualitative interviews with six teachers in the grades of Fk-3. The interviews have been focused around the teacher's interpretation regarding mathematical communication, how this is reflected in their work in the classroom and also if they see any advantages or difficulties in working with mathematical communication with their pupils. The result of the study shows that the teachers are well aware of the importance of communication and they have a will and an intention to let the pupils communicate mathematically. Mathematical communication is emphasized mainly as important for the pupil's learning and understanding. A difficulty some of the teachers mention is that communication needs time and there is a risk that pupils possibility to develop communicative abilities are limited and do not get the focus the teacher actually think is needed. / Matematisk kommunikation framhålls som en viktig förmåga i våra styrdokument samtidigtsom granskningar har visat att eleverna inte alltid har givits tillräckliga möjligheter attutveckla denna förmåga. Syftet med detta arbete är att, utifrån en fenomenologisk ansats, undersöka hur några lärare tolkar och arbetar med matematisk kommunikation i årskurserna Fk-3. För att uppnå detta har kvalitativa intervjuer genomförts med sex yrkesverksammalärare som arbetar inom årskurserna Fk-3. Intervjuerna har berört lärarnas syn på matematisk kommunikation, hur detta tar sig i uttryck i deras klassrum, samt vilka möjligheter och svårigheter lärarna ser med att arbeta med matematisk kommunikation med eleverna. Resultatet visar att de intervjuade lärarna är väl medvetna om vikten av kommunikation inom matematik och att de har en vilja och avsikt att låta eleverna arbeta tillsammans inom matematiken. Den matematiska kommunikationen ses framförallt som viktig för elevernas förståelse och lärande. En svårighet några av lärarna upplever är att kommunikation kräver tid och några uttrycker att det, då det är många delar som ska hinnas med, finns en risk att elevernas möjlighet till kommunikation begränsas.

Abstract not available.

M.A. (Applied Linguistics) / The South African English Academy requested that an investigation be undertaken on the feasibility of producing a battery of English proficiency tests in the four modes (listening, speaking, reading and writing) which are free of ethnic labels. For the purpose of this study the aural and oral modes will be developed first as these are the two modes from which language arises. These tests are intended to be universal language tests which will be appropriate for both English first and second language learners. They will be undertaken with mother tongue standards as the first point of departure. It is proposed that mother tongue speakers represent the "universal" standard to which second language speakers aspire, although we are fully aware that native speakers show considerable variation in ability. First language norms will be taken as the norm of performance for this study because it assumed that this is what most second language learners would aspire to. This study will attempt to provide a valid and reliable measuring instrument to facilitate the correct placement of pupils in schools where English is the medium of instruction. Of particular importance is the fact that these are not tests of absolute competence, but are tests of progressive competence. No pupil is a failure, the pupils performance is measured on a continuum of six levels in the senior primary phase. This will enable the teacher to assist each pupil to progress at his own pace according to his own ability. There is a very definite need for performance tests in English since tests of communicative competence in English that are "universal in nature" are not available in South Africa. A standardised test battery aimed at measuring the language proficiency (of the heterogeneous population at the senior primary level) across all four language modes, does not exist in South Africa. The problem is to .develop tests with tasks at the appropriate level for a heterogeneous population and produce evidence regarding their validity. Although subjective and objective assessment methods are commonly used, the merits of the one method as opposed to the other are still debated. The importance of investigating the relationship between the multiple-choice aural test (by means of objective and indirect assessment) and the productive oral test (by means of subjective and direct assessment) cannot be underestimated.

The diploma thesis named Analysis of communication ability of a pupil with elective mutism, deals with the issue of communication of a girl with elective mutism. The teoretical part is based on a thorough analysis of literature and electronic sources. The introdictory chapter acquaints us with the development of communication and communication skills, the psychological development of the child, then defines the issue of impaired communication skills is childhood. The second chapter is devoted to mutism. It elaborates not only its terminological definition, etiology, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis, but also the issue of a pupil with elective mutism at school and principles of communication with this child. The third chapter deals with nonverbal communication, especially in connection with children's expressions. In this part are elaborated all components of non-verbal communication - kinesics (gestures, facial expressions, haptics); posture; proxemics and paralinguistic. The fourth chapter is the empirical part. This chapter describes the methodology of the research. The main objective of the research was to analyze the communication process of a pupil with elective mutism. Then the partial goals of the research and research questions were determined. Case study focused on communication...

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The diploma thesis called "Aids in speech therapy of dyslalia" consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is devoted to the general concept of logopedic intervention, dyslalia and all components of logopedic intervention in this impaired communication ability. There is also described the classification of speech aids according to various authors and some selected aids. Views on their use can be different even among the experts. These aids are also included to the practical part, which, through a questionnaire survey, examined the views of clinical logopedists on these aids and their use. Research provides an overview of the use of these aids in the practice of respondents and shows that their view on them varies in some areas. KEYWORDS Dyslalia, clinical speech therapist, impaired communication ability, speech aid, speech therapy.

The thesis focuses on different communication skills of elementary school children. Fundamental concepts refer to communication disorders; the disturbed and limited communication ability. The theoretical resource defines the communication from different points of view, namely, how the other branches of science (sociology, linguistics, pedagogy and logopedics) deal with the term of communication. Furthermore, the concept of the disturbed and limited communication abilities are closely specified in this part. The conclusion of the theoretical part includes characteristics of Framework Education Programme for Elementary Education, considered to be a pillar of the Czech education system, and its main goals in terms of fulfilling the key competencies in relation to the integration of learners with special educational needs into a mainstream class. The practical analysis was conducted on the basis of survey questionnaire. The collected data from the pedagogical staff members reflect their experinence with the issue of different communicaton skills. The aim is to describe the relationship between teachers and a pupils with the disturbed or limited communication ability and how they are perceived. In addition, it particularly investigates which language and communication difficulties occur and if they have an impact on learners' achievement.