This research discovers an artistic expression training of communicative abilities of cerebral paralytic children. The object of the research – discover the impact of artistic expression to education of communicative abilities. The content of the research – the singularity of cerebral paralytic children are under discussion in this project. The non-verbal communicative methods were reviewed: body language, signs, notes of eyes. There were reviewed non-verbal communicative methods of the children of normal evolution and also there were developed methods of non-verbal communicative of cerebral paralytic children. The communicative aspects of artistic expression of children are defined. The analysis of research and the results are presented. The analysis of the research information lets us state such conclusions: 1. The analysis of the research information shows the impact of art sessions for communicative quality of cerebral paralytic children. This is proved by got information. The communicative skills of children most of all characterized during the art sessions: the attention to task and the answers - yes/no. The most of all were characterized the method of communicative behavior by a look and a mime. 2. The results of the research show that these communicative skills of cerebral paralytic children were less characterized: initiation of intercommunion. The less were characterized communicative behavior method – gesture, communication with help of signs and things. 3. This... [to full text]

The English language can be seen as a lingua franca of contemporary times. Its spread and use in the globalized world has affected most levels of society and it can be argued that, in current times, English is synonymous with communication. This need for communication has shaped the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) syllabus, which is evident in the Swedish national steering documents for the educational system. For the upper secondary school these documents show an emphasis on communication, on cultural understanding, and also on the use of literature within the EFL classroom. The need to possess communicative abilities and cultural understanding, in connection with the use of literature, has sparked an interest to investigate if and how literature itself can be used as a tool to develop and improve EFL students’ communicative skills and cultural understanding. This literature review thesis analyzes five international research articles from different geographical parts of the Globe. The findings are categorized, compared, synthesized, and finally discussed in order to answer the research questions asked, and also compared with the English subject syllabus for the Swedish upper secondary school. The findings indicate that the analyzed articles share a consensus, to a varied degree, regarding the positive aspects of literature use in the EFL setting. The arguments are that communicative skills and cultural understanding are intertwined - enabling each other to exist, develop, and improve. One cannot exist fully without the other, and literature is a good tool to use to develop and improve these abilities. Literature can help develop all skills needed to acquire and produce both written and spoken English, and it also enables cultural understanding and a broadening of the mind. Where the articles differ somewhat is in the ideas of why literature is a good tool, how to implement literature in the classrooms, and what some of the negative aspects might be. The thesis also brings the lack of Swedish studies within EFL to the readers’ attention, as well as the need to do more research focusing on the students’ perspectives towards literature use in the EFL setting.

One of the aims of Lithuanian schools is to develop the pupil‘s perception of their aethetic abilities. Negative cultural phenomena have some influence on the communication in the sphere of art. Stamps can help to avoid negative aspects. It is very important in the 10th – 12th forms, because the teenagers are very receptive to different crises. Collecting stamps is an activity based on the communication which can broaden the knowledge of the art. First stamps were published in 1840, and were quickly used in all over the world. The stamps became the representatives of the country, and its history, culture. The stamps are created by well – know artits, and are considered as the works of applied graphics. The basic aspect of the communication for teenagers is to create their own identity and to find what they are really like. In due course, the communication with others became the main task for the teenagers, because the ability to associate with others allows to feel the sense of the maturity. The interest in stamps is a good way to expand the communication among teenagers. Both, the teachers from Lithuania and from other countries wrote about the use of visual aids at the history lessons. All the authors stress the importance of the visual aids. The post stamps may be considered as pictures of applied works having the principle of the visual art. The principle of the visualizations is advisedto combine with the principle of the activity it... [to full text]

Autistic females have been consistently underdiagnosed and diagnosed later compared to autistic males. Although the causes are multifactorial, this discrepancy can be partially explained by different behavioral manifestations in the social domain that conform more closely to societal expectations, as well as by the presence of camouflage behaviors. The aim of this dissertation is to study sex differences in caregivers' perceptions of their offspring, considering both mothers and fathers. In addition, given that current research focuses on the investigation of broad social constructs, we also aim to explore sex differences in the specific interaction features of autistic individuals. Lastly, given the association of social aspects with cognitive development, we aim to deepen the understanding of cognitive variables, as current research in this area is limited and inconclusive. In the first study, our results indicate that, despite comparable symptom severity, female preschoolers are perceived as advantaged in Social Communication and Social Motivation. Building on these findings, we examined whether bidirectional interaction features related to Interpersonal Synchrony showed sex differences in a sample of autistic preschoolers during play exchanges, with both a psychologist and caregivers. The results showed that females demonstrated greater behavioral synchrony. Moreover, they participated in longer, more complex, and engaging interactions. This enhanced Interpersonal Synchrony may underlie the differing parental perceptions of male and female children. Given the profound association between social and cognitive development, we first conducted a systematic review on sex differences in cognitive profiles highlighting the inconclusive results of current studies and avenues for future research. Subsequently, we presented original research on the cognitive variables of preschool and school-aged individuals, which demonstrated an absence of sex differences in cognitive performance. Overall, our results suggest differences in social behaviors but not in cognitive abilities, indicating the need to study mechanisms underlying intelligence development in relation to social competencies as sex could differently influence these. Future work should also adopt longitudinal designs and include neurotypical control groups.