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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
691

Unaccountable Soldiers: Private Military Companies and the Law of Armed Conflict

McRae, Peter 18 January 2012 (has links)
The use of Private Military Companies (PMCs) has become an increasingly common feature of contemporary armed conflict. Because of their autonomous contractual status, PMCs have presented governments with problems of accountability on several levels, including violations of international human rights and humanitarian law (IHL) standards. This thesis argues that PMCs should be considered to be non-state actors (NSAs), subject to international law from both an International Relations Theory and a Legal Theory perspective. This conclusion is linked to the issue of whether individual PMC employees can be treated as legitimate combatants according to IHL. State practice has not led to a clear understanding of the definition of combatant, a problem which has been compounded by a lack of government policy on the use of PMCs. Using Canadian experience as a case study, the thesis concludes that IHL suggests two options for regularizing the status of PMCs which would both strengthen accountability and uphold the rule of law.
692

Durchbrechung der Haftungsbeschränkung eines GmbH-Gesellschafters : eine rechtsvergleichende Untersuchung nach dem deutschen und russischen Recht /

Mereminskaja, Elina, January 2002 (has links) (PDF)
Univ., Diss.--Göttingen, 2001. / Literaturverz. S. [169] - 180.
693

Geschäftsführungsmacht, Inhaberschaft und Haftung bei börsenunabhängigen Gesellschaften /

Leyendecker, Benjamin E. January 2008 (has links)
Zugl.: Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 2008 / Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-332).
694

Grenzüberschreitende Organschaft kraft Gemeinschaftsrecht : übernimmt Österreich für Deutschland eine Vorreiterrolle? /

Kaufer, Svenja, January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (doctoral)--Universiẗat Trier, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 289-320).
695

Fatores que influenciam a utilização de trading companies nos processos de exportação de empresas brasileiras

Trevejo, Lucimara 23 February 2012 (has links)
Submitted by Lucimara Trevejo (lucimara.trevejo@gvmail.br) on 2012-03-22T15:54:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaçao_Lucimara.pdf: 382235 bytes, checksum: 61b3177bd04ea4a8414f4d92ec1ecb89 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vera Lúcia Mourão (vera.mourao@fgv.br) on 2012-03-22T16:59:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaçao_Lucimara.pdf: 382235 bytes, checksum: 61b3177bd04ea4a8414f4d92ec1ecb89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-22T17:08:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaçao_Lucimara.pdf: 382235 bytes, checksum: 61b3177bd04ea4a8414f4d92ec1ecb89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-23 / O presente estudo procurou identificar quais são os fatores que influenciam a utilização de trading companies nos processos de exportação de empresas brasileiras, tendo como uma das principais justificativas o fato da exportação ser uma das atividades econômicas que apresentam o maior crescimento e contribuição para a economia mundial. O modelo de pesquisa investigou a influência da distância psíquica, distância física, conteúdo de commodity dos produtos exportados, complexidade do ambiente de negócios e risco associado aos países de destino das exportações brasileiras. Serviram como base para a pesquisa a teoria dos custos de transação, estudos relativos aos modos de entrada em mercados internacionais e exportações indiretas. Os testes foram conduzidos a partir de um banco de dados secundários que continha informações relativas às exportações brasileiras realizadas entre os anos de 2006 e 2009, totalizando 450.475 operações. Deste total 80,1% eram exportações diretas e 19.9% exportações indiretas. Os resultados apontam o risco país e a distância psíquica como os fatores que mais influenciam a utilização de trading companies nos processos de exportação das empresas brasileiras. Em relação ao conteúdo de commodity os testes apresentaram resultados parcialmente favoráveis. Conclui-se que quanto maior o risco país e a distância psíquica entre o Brasil e os países de destino das operações de exportação maiores as chances de utilização das trading companies. / This paper has tried to identify which are the factors that have influenced the use of trading companies at the Brazilian companies’ export processes, having as one of the main justifications the fact that exports are one of the economical activities that show the most growth rate and contribution to the world economy. The research model investigated the influence of psychic and physical distance, exported product commodity content, business environment complexity and the country risk associated to the Brazilian exports destination. The transaction cost theory, studies regarding the entry modes and indirect exports were used as a base for this research. Tests have been conducted using a secondary database which had Brazilian exports data from 2006 through 2009, in a total of 450,475 operations. From this amount, 80.1% were direct export operations, while the other 19.9% were indirect export operations. The results point out that the country risk and the psychic distance are the factors which have most influence for the use of trading companies at the Brazilian companies’ export processes. Regarding the commodity content, the testes have showed partially favorable. It has been concluded that the bigger the country risk and the psychic distance between Brazil and the export operation destination countries, the higher are the chances for using trading companies.
696

Digital reporting by small private companies in the UK

Alkhatib, Esraa January 2016 (has links)
This thesis investigates the factors that affect the take-up of statutory digital reporting of statutory accounts and returns to the tax authority (HM Revenue and Customs) and voluntary digital reporting to the company registry (Companies House) by small private companies in the UK. In doing so, it identifies the costs and benefits of this innovation from the perspectives of the filers and those using the digital information. The first stage of the study comprised 16 semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders: HMRC, Companies House, the external iXBRL consultant at HMRC, filing software suppliers, and accountants in business and practice. The interview data was analysed thematically, aided by NVivo. The second stage involved an online survey of 343 ACCA members working in small companies or in practices with small company clients. The survey data were analysed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. As hypothesised, the results show a significant positive association between digital reporting and the company having the technological competence and between digital reporting and support for this from top management. As predicted, there is evidence of a significant negative association between digital reporting and the complexity of the process, and between digital reporting and the cost of technology. However, the study finds no evidence of a significant association between digital reporting and compatibility of digital reporting with the company’s accounting system, statutory requirements with government, or network effects. The results provide evidence of a significant positive association between digital reporting and benefits to filers, and between digital reporting and benefits to those using the digital corporate data. The latter association is mediated by the digital search and data services provided by Companies House. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to investigate digital reporting to HMRC after it became mandatory for small companies in the UK. The study contributes to the emerging literature by extending our knowledge of the costs and benefits of digital reporting by small companies. It contributes to theory by developing and validating a theoretical model of the factors affecting the take-up of digital reporting and by extending the model to provide further understanding of this technology. The results should be of interest to the directors of small companies and their accountants. They will also be of interest to policy makers seeking to reduce the administrative burdens on smaller entities in the UK and to regulators in other jurisdictions planning for digital reporting initiatives.
697

Controle de gestão em empresas familiares que atuam no setor de serviços: estudo de casos. / Management control in family businesses that operate in the service sector: cases studies

José Miguel Maria Alonso Flores Rodrigues da Silva 02 February 2010 (has links)
Atualmente, diversos fatores tornam o setor das empresas prestadoras de serviços o mais importante da economia brasileira. Esse é o setor da economia que mais cresce e mais emprega trabalhadores. Ele representava em 2006, 85,8% das empresas do país, crescendo 34% durante o período compreendido entre os anos de 1999 a 2006. Realizou-se estudo de casos de natureza descritiva com dados primários e secundários, objetivando-se estudar a relação em termos de proximidade ou afastamento do sistema de controle de gestão de cinco empresas familiares prestadoras de serviços, com o plano referencial extraído da literatura pesquisada. O objetivo da pesquisa foi responder a seguinte questão: o sistema de controle gerencial das empresas pesquisadas possui relação de proximidade ou afastamento com os determinantes encontrados na literatura sobre o assunto? Os resultados demonstram que o sistema de controle gerencial das empresas pesquisadas, possui relação de proximidade com os determinantes encontrados na literatura sobre o assunto.
698

A redução do capital social (em companhias abertas e fechadas) / The reduction of capital stock (on private and publicity held companies)

Alexandre Hildebrand Garcia 25 May 2009 (has links)
A presente dissertação faz uma abordagem do tema da redução do capital de companhias abertas e fechadas no Brasil, apresentando-o em duas partes. Na primeira parte, composta pelos Capítulos 1 e 2, são tratados aspectos gerais e, na segunda parte, composta pelos Capítulos 3 e 4, são tratados aspectos específicos das reduções do capital social. No Capítulo 1, é apresentado um breve histórico do capital social, em que se procura estalecer a sua origem e relação com a função de produtividade das primeiras companhias, afastando-se do pensamento tradicional de que o capital social tenha tido a sua origem relacionada com a função de proteção de credores. Além disso, é apresentada uma noção geral de capital social, suas classificações, princípios mais relevantes e funções, sempre com o foco de preparar a discussão para a sua redução. No Capítulo 2, é apresentada uma noção geral da redução do capital e a visão do autor dos dois principais princípios que a informam: o da igualdade e o da proteção aos credores. A análise prossegue, para apresentar uma classificação das reduções do capital de acordo com as suas causas ou de acordo com os efeitos que produzem no patrimônio das companhias. Por fim, sustenta-se a taxatividade das causas de redução do capital social. No Capítulo 3, são apresentadas as causas de redução do capital por perda e por excesso, bem como o procedimento para a sua implementação. A boa compreensão deste capítulo depende, em grande parte, das discussões sobre o capital social, suas classificações, princípios mais relevantes e funções, bem como sobre os princípios aplicáveis e as classificações das reduções do capital. No Capítulo 4, são brevemente apresentadas as outras causas que podem determinar a redução do capital social de companhias abertas e fechadas no Brasil, bem como as principais discussões ao redor de cada uma delas. / This paper highlights the reduction of capital stock on Brazilian privately and publicly-held companies, being presented in two parts. Part One is integraded by Chapters One and Two, which present an overview of the matter, and Part Two, which present specific issues related to each cause of reduction of capital stock. On Chapter One, it is presented a short history of capital stock with the purpose of relating it with its productivity function on the first companies, instead of relating it with the function of guarantee for creditors, as a traditional doctrine usually explains its origin. Besides, it is presented a general concept of capital stock, its categories, principles and functions, with the goal of preaparing further discussions on its reduction. On Chapter Two, it is presented a general concept of reduction of capital stock and the authors stand point of the two main principles applicable to it: equal treatment and creditors protection. The analysis moves ahead to categorize the cases of reduction of capital stock in accordance with their causes or the effects on companies assets. On Chapter Three, the author presents the two main causes of capital reduction in Brazil: loss and excess (of assets). Besides it is presented the procedure to accomplish a reduction of capital stock on each case. To fully understand this chapter it is mandatory to be aware of the general concept of capital stock, its categories, principles and functions, as well as the general concept of reduction of capital stock and its principles. On Chapter Four, it is brieftly presented the other causes of reduction of capital stock on Brazilian law, as well as the main discussions that surround them.
699

Managing customer relationships: theory versus practice: an investigation into three of the largest companies Cearà honored with the award Delmiro Golveia / GestÃo do relacionamento com o cliente: teoria versus prÃtica: uma investigaÃÃo em trÃs das maiores empresas do Cearà agraciadas com o prÃmio Delmiro Golveia

Phrynà Azulay Benayon AraÃjo 23 June 2005 (has links)
The objective of this work is to present an investigation which aims to identify the procedures used in the customer relationship management at the three major companies in Cearà awarded with âDelmiro Gouveia Prizeâ in 2003. A qualitative research was done in order to achieve this goal with three case studies using the method of depth intervew to specify the procedures of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in these companies based on the theories related to the matter. The results of the qualitative local research were, then, compared to the quantitative research done in Brazil in 2003 by the american consulting, Peppers and Rogers Group. To sum up, the conclusions drawn from these investigations show that the major companies in Cearà know the concepts of the customer relationship management only superficially and although they believe that CRM is a way of being different from their competitors, they do not have a systematic program of CRM but only isolated actions of customer relationship. / Neste trabalho à apresentada uma investigaÃÃo que visa identificar quais as prÃticas que estÃo sendo utilizadas na gestÃo do relacionamento com o cliente nas trÃs maiores empresas do Cearà agraciadas com o PrÃmio Delmiro Gouveia de 2003. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa qualitativa, com 3 estudos de caso, utilizando o mÃtodo de entrevista em profundidade, a fim de detalhar as prÃticas de GestÃo do Relacionamento com o Cliente (CRM) nessas empresas, tendo como base teorias que abordam a temÃtica em questÃo. Os resultados da pesquisa qualitativa local foram, entÃo, comparados com os resultados quantitativos de uma pesquisa realizada no Brasil, em 2003 pela consultoria americana, Peppers and Rogers Group. Em sÃntese, as conclusÃes extraÃdas dessas investigaÃÃes mostram que as maiores empresas do Cearà conhecem os conceitos de gestÃo do relacionamento com o cliente de uma forma superficial, e, embora acreditem que o CRM seja uma forma de se diferenciar da concorrÃncia, nÃo possuem um programa de CRM sistematizado, mas aÃÃes isoladas de relacionamento com o cliente.
700

Análise do livro como produto e como negócio no contexto brasileiro atual / An analysis of the book as a product and of the book industry in Brazil

José Antônio Rosa 26 November 2008 (has links)
Uma visão global sobre a situação da indústria do livro no Brasil e suas tendências e a sugestão de um modelo de atuação empresarial e mercadológico para a atuação das editoras. Examina-se cada etapa do marketing editorial: desenvolvimento do produto, comunicação, vendas e distribuição. Sugestões para agentes de instãncias governamentais ou privadas do fomento da leitura e promoção do livro. / This study aims to identify the main international and Brazilian trends of the book publising industry in the context of digital transition; it proposes that the use of marketing fundamental concepts and tools is necessary and inevitable for the creation and consolidation of sustainable organizations in this segment; and it presents a decision and action model that comprehends the most relevant aspects of marketing and communication activities in the editorial area, focusing Brazilizan marketing conditions; and it offers inputs for the promotion and diffusion of the book in the governmental, institutional and business spheres.

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