Orientador: Wilmar da Rocha D'Angelis / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T18:48:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Souza_ErickMarceloLimade_M.pdf: 3918712 bytes, checksum: fcaf8a508391f3fb2888b49be1e919ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Este trabalho é um estudo tanto descritivo quanto comparativo do que consideramos duas variantes da mesma língua, conhecidas como Baniwa do Içana e Kuripako, pertencentes à família Aruak. Aqui, se faz uma análise linguística da relação entre ambas as variantes, pautada em parte do seu componente linguístico, isto é, o sistema fonológico, com vistas a colaborar para uma definição da classificação dialetal. Sua base teórica linguística é fundamentada nas ideias estruturalistas europeias da Escola de Praga. Neste trabalho, há uma discussão da variação dialetal deste ramo da família Aruak, um breve histórico dos estudos sobre esse ramo da família e uma descrição da fonologia da língua. Esta pesquisa é, assim, uma tentativa de discutir tanto questões da Fonologia quanto da Sociolingüística, com ênfase nos aspectos fonético-fonológicos como um dos requisitos para as discussões sobre variação dialetal / Abstract: This work is both a descriptive and comparative analysis, of what we consider two variants of the same language, known as Baniwa of Içana and Kuripako, which belong to the Arawakan family. Here there is a linguistic analysis of the relationship between both variants based in part of its linguistic component, it means, the phonologic system, in order to colaborate to a definition of the dialectical classification. Its linguistic theoretical basis is grounded on the structuralist ideas from the School of Prague. In this work, there is a discussion about the dialectical variation of this branch of the Arawakan Family, a brief history of the studies on the branch of this family and a description of the phonology of the language. This research is thus an attempt to discuss issues related to the Phonology and Sociolinguistics as well, with emphasis on the phonetic and phonological aspects as one of the requirements for the discussions about dialectical variation / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Thesis. 1975. Ph.D.--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Foreign Literatures and Linguistics. / Vita. / Bibliography: leaves 454-462. / Ph.D.

Thesis (M.A. ( Translation and Linguistics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / The aim of this dissertation is to examine the impact of phonetics and phonology on the Xitsonga orthography. It looks at the history of Xitsonga orthography and the developments from the missionaries’ era in the 1800s until 2013. The study also examines the contribution made by the Tsonga Language Board, the Tsonga Language Committee and Pan South African Language Board (PanSALB) in the development of Xitsonga orthography. In addition, the study focuses on the Xitsonga speech sound types and the way they are spelled by the speakers. On the other hand, there are speakers who adhere to the standard orthography whereas on the other hand there are speakers who prefer to use speech sounds according to their respective dialects. The challenges which Xitsonga speakers face on a daily basis have been outlined and what can be done to resolve them. It is suggested that more Xitsonga dictionaries should be written and published and PanSALB should ensure that booklets that deal with Xitsonga spelling rules must be distributed as widely as possible

Le travail a porté sur la perception du trait de voisement des consonnes occlusives en position initiale et dont l’indice acoustique principal est le Délai d’Etablissement du Voisement (DEV: délai entre la fin de l’occlusion de la consonne et le début des vibrations des cordes vocales; VOT en anglais). <p>Une première étude a concerné la ‘bascule phonologique’ c’est à dire le passage d’un mode de perception universel à un mode de perception phonologique spécifique à la langue. L'analyse des variations du rythme cardiaque de nourrissons francophones exposés à des syllabes /də/ et /tə/ variant sur un continuum de DEV a montré une sensibilité aux frontières universelles (-30 et +30 ms de DEV) à 4 mois et à la frontière phonologique du français (0 ms de DEV) à 8 mois. <p>L'objectif d'une autre étude a été de déterminer si la maturation de la perception du voisement était liée à l’apprentissage de la lecture ou si elle résultait d’une maturation cognitive plus globale. Des enfants de 5, 6 ,7 et 8 ans ainsi que des adultes francophones ont été soumis à des tâches d’identification et de discrimination pour trois types de continua différents :voisement (syllabes (/də/ et /tə/) ;couleurs (jaune et vert) et expressions faciales (joie-peur). Alors que la perception catégorielle des couleurs était présente dès 5 ans, le développement de la perception des expressions faciales était plus tardif et similaire à celui du voisement, ce qui suggère que ce dernier ne dépend pas de la lecture. <p>Par ailleurs, les potentiels auditifs évoqués par la présentation des syllabes /də/ et /tə/ dont le DEV variait entre -75 et +75 ms ont été enregistrés chez des adultes francophones. L’analyse de la morphologie (simple vs double pic) de deux sous-composantes de la N100 (N1b et Na), a montré chez ces sujets adultes une sensibilité résiduelle aux frontières universelles de voisement auxquelles les nourrissons de 4 mois étaient également sensibles. Par contre, aucune sensibilité résiduelle à la frontière phonologique du français n'est apparue. <p>Les implications théoriques de l’ensemble de ces résultats sont discutées à la lumière des modèles existants.<p> / Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Thesis (M.A. (Translation Studies and Linguistics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The aim of this study was to examine the morpho-phonological properties of the anaphoric constructions in Northern Sotho using Binding Theory. This study adopted the qualitative research method, where participant observation was used to collect data. The study employed Textual Analysis to analyse the data. The study identified reflexive and reciprocal data that constitute anaphors in Northern Sotho. The study’s findings indicate that there are two types of anaphors, namely: reciprocals and reflexives. In Northern Sotho, anaphors are in the form of verbs. The basic structure of the reciprocal is the root verb, the reciprocal suffix (-an) plus the terminative vowel (-a). The study found that reciprocals do not change or influence the phonology of the verb. Yet another finding is that reflexives change the phonology of the verb. When the reflexive prefix -i is attached to the root verb, it sometimes changes the assimilation process.

Orientador: Lucy Seki / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T08:50:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_AntoniaAlves_D.pdf: 1878111 bytes, checksum: e27694a7bee34a2eea7f6a09902ec93b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Esta tese é um estudo da morfossintaxe da língua Asuriní do Xingu (família Tupi- Guaraní), falada pelos asuriní que residem no Posto Indígena Kwatinemu, no município de Altamira, estado do Pará. A análise pretendeu dar uma visão geral da língua e apresentar aspectos socioculturais de seu povo. Dessa forma, além da morfologia e da sintaxe, partes centrais da tese, procuramos também apresentar a fonologia no nível segmental, pois essa parte era essencial para a continuidade do estudo da língua nos níveis morfológicos e sintáticos. Em conformidade com nossos objetivos, a tese encontra-se dividida em seis capítulos. O capítulo 1 trata de aspectos históricos e socioculturais do grupo, o 2 trata da fonologia no nível segmental, o capítulo 3 discute as classes de palavras da língua, apresentando os critérios para a sua divisão. O capítulo 4 trata de fenômenos relacionados a subconstituintes da oração, nele são discutidos aspectos como a marcação de caso na língua, a oposição nome /verbo x argumento/ predicado, além disso, é mostrada a estrutura dos sintagmas nominal e verbal da língua. O capítulo 5 trata das orações independentes e de como é feita sua classificação. E o capítulo 6 trata das sentenças complexas, que compreendem as coordenadas e as subordinadas. / Abstract: This thesis is a study of the morphosyntax of the Asuriní of Xingu language (Tupi-Guarani family), spoken by the Asuriní who reside at the Posto Indígena Kwatinemu in the municipality of Altamira, Pará State, Brazil. Chapter 1 summarizes the historical and sociological background of the group. Chapter 2 presents the segmental phonology of the language. Chapter 3 discusses word classes and gives criteria for class division. Chapter 4 deals with phenomena related to sentence constituents, including case marking, the noun/verb vs. argument/predicate opposition, and the structure of noun and verb phrases. Chapter 5 deals with independent clauses and their classification. Chapter 6 describes coordination and subordination in complex sentences. Complex sentences are classified into sub-types, and their morphological and syntactic structure is described. / Doutorado / Linguas Indigenas / Doutor em Linguística

South Africa is a multilingual country and this has certain implications on the development of cognitive-linguistic skills such as phonological processing (amongst others), which are essential for reading development. Research has, in the past, not adequately addressed the development of, and relationship between, a broad range of phonological processing and reading skills in South Africa. The study investigates the relationship between phonological processing skills and reading development in Northern Sotho-English bilingual children. Ninety-eight participants, divided into group 1 (n=48) and group 2 (n=50) based on their Language of Learning Language of Teaching were sampled. Group 1 received literacy instruction in Northern Sotho, whilst group 2 in English. Participants were assessed using a battery of phonological processing tests and on reading abilities in English and Northern Sotho. Correlations, multiple regressions and multivariate analyses of variance were conducted. Findings revealed that phonological processing skills are essential in reading development in both the first and second language of the participants. / African Languages / M.A. (Linguistics)

L’objectif de ce travail était d’examiner la spécificité fonctionnelle du traitement et des représentations des hauteurs musicales. À cette fin, ce traitement a été comparé à celui des phonèmes de la parole, d’une part, et aux associations spatiales évoquées par des séquences ordonnées, d’autre part. Nos quatre études avaient pour point commun d’adapter à un nouvel objet de recherche des méthodes bien établies en psychologie cognitive. Ainsi, nous avons exploité la tâche de classification accélérée (Etude 1) de Garner (1974), l’analyse des conjonctions illusoires en mémoire (Etude 2), l’additivité de la composante mismatch negativity (MMN) des potentiels évoqués (Etude 3) et l’observation d’associations spatiales de codes de réponse (Etude 4).<p>Les trois premières études, menées chez des participants non-musiciens, portaient sur la spécificité de traitement des hauteurs par rapport à celui des phonèmes au sein de stimuli chantés. Les deux premières études ont mis en évidence un effet surprenant de la nature des phonèmes sur leurs interactions avec le traitement des mélodies :les voyelles apparaissaient plus intégrées à la mélodie que les consonnes. Ceci était vrai à la fois lors du traitement en temps réel de non-mots chantés (Etude 1) et au niveau des traces en mémoire de ces mêmes non-mots (Etude 2, utilisant une tâche de reconnaissance à choix forcé permettant la mise en évidence de conjonctions illusoires). Cette dissociation entre voyelles et consonnes quant à leur intégration avec les traitements mélodiques ne semblait pas causée par des caractéristiques acoustico-phonétiques telles que la sonorité. Les résultats de la troisième étude indiquaient que les MMNs en réponse à des déviations de hauteur et de voyelle n’étaient pas additives et que leur distribution topographique ne différait pas selon le type de déviation. Ceci suggère que, même au niveau pré-attentionnel, le traitement des voyelles n’est pas indépendant de celui des hauteurs. <p>Dans la quatrième étude, nous avons comparé le traitement des hauteurs musicales à un autre domaine :la cognition spatiale. Nous avons ainsi montré que les non-musiciens comme les musiciens associent les notes graves à la partie inférieure et les notes aiguës à la partie supérieure de l’espace. Les deux groupes liaient aussi les notes graves au côté gauche et les notes aiguës au côté droit, mais ce lien n’était automatique que chez les musiciens. Enfin, des stimuli musicaux plus complexes (intervalles mélodiques) n’évoquaient ces associations spatiales que chez les musiciens et ce, uniquement sur le plan horizontal.<p>Ces recherches contribuent de plusieurs manières à la compréhension de la cognition musicale. Premièrement, nous avons montré que les consonnes et les voyelles diffèrent dans leurs interactions avec la musique, une idée à mettre en perspective avec les rôles différents de ces phonèmes dans l’évolution du langage. Ensuite, les travaux sur les représentations spatiales des hauteurs musicales ouvrent la voie à un courant de recherche qui aidera à dévoiler les liens potentiels entre habiletés musicales et spatiales.<p>/<p>The purpose of this work was to examine the functional specificity of musical pitch processing and representation. To this aim, we compared musical pitch processing to (1) the phonological processing of speech and (2) the spatial associations evoked by ordered sequences. The four studies described here all use classical methods of cognitive psychology, which have been adapted to our research question. We have employed Garner’s (1974) speeded classification task (Study 1), the analysis of illusory conjunctions in memory (Study 2), the additivity of the mismatch negativity (MMN) component of event-related potentials (Study 3), as well as the observation of spatial associations of response codes (Study 4).<p>The three first studies examined, in non-musician participants, the specificity of pitch processing compared to phoneme processing in songs. Studies 1 and 2 revealed a surprising effect of phoneme category on their interactions with melodic processing: vowels were more integrated with melody than were consonants. This was true for both on-line processing of sung nonwords (Study 1) and for the memory traces of these nonwords (Study 2, using a forced-choice recognition task allowing the occurrence of illusory conjunctions). The difference between vowels and consonants was not due to acoustic-phonetic properties such as phoneme sonority. The results of the third study showed that the MMN in response to pitch and to vowel deviations was not additive and that its brain topography did not differ as a function of the kind of deviation. This suggests that vowel processing is not independent from pitch processing, even at the pre-attentive level.<p>In the fourth study, we compared pitch processing to another domain: spatial cognition. We showed that both musicians and non-musicians map pitch onto space, in that they associate low-pitched tones to the lower spatial field and high-pitched tones to the higher spatial field. Both groups of participants also associated low pitched-tones with the left and high-pitched tones with the right, but this association was automatic only in musicians. Finally, more complex musical stimuli such as melodic intervals evoked these spatial associations in the horizontal plane only in musicians.<p>This work contributes to the understanding of music cognition in several ways. First, we have shown that consonants and vowels differ in their interactions with music, an idea related to the contrasting roles of these phonemes in language evolution. Second, the work on the spatial representation of pitch opens the path to research that will help uncover the potential links between musical and spatial abilities.<p> / Doctorat en sciences psychologiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished