The thesis deals with the preparation, creation and evaluation of an informatics competition for pupils of primary and secondary schools, called Informatics Beaver. The work also includes a summary of simile existing contests on informatics. Furthermore, it seeks to convey and clarify the technical and organizational problems associated with the preparation and conduct of the competition.

abstract: Political and economic competition, so goes the broad argument, reduce corruption because competition increases the cost of actors to engage in corrupt practices. It increases the risk of exposure, provides non-corrupt alternatives for consumers, and introduces non-corrupt practices into the political and economic domains. Why then, has corruption persisted in the Central Eastern European countries decades after the introduction of political and economic competition in the early 1990s? This dissertation asks how and why the emergence of competition in the political and economic domains leads to a transformation of the patterns of corruption. I define corruption as an act involving a public official who violates the norms or regulations of their office, receives some compensation in return, and thus harms the public interest. I argue that under conditions of a communist past and high levels of uncertainty, the simultaneous emergence of political and economic competition transforms the opportunity structures of actors to engage in corruption. The resulting constellation of powerful incentives for and weak constraints against corruption encourages political and economic actors to enter into corrupt state-business relationships. Finally, the resource distribution between the actors in the corrupt state-business relationship determines the type of corruption that emerges—legal corruption, local capture, or covert political financing. To test the causal mechanism, I employ intensive process-tracing of the micro-causal mechanisms of eleven corruption cases in Poland and Hungary. Using paired comparisons of cases from the same business sector but at different points in time, the dissertation examines how corruption patterns transformed over time in Poland and Hungary. The dissertation shows that the emergence of political and economic competition changes the opportunity structures of actors in favor of corruption. Moreover, the new constellation of incentives and constraints encourages political and economic actors to establish corrupt state-business relationships. Crucially, I find that the resource distribution within these corrupt relationships determines the type of corruption emerges—local capture where both sides have concentrated resources that balance each other out, legal corruption when a strong economic actor confronts a fragmented political actor, and covert political financing when a weak economic actor faces a strong political actor. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Political Science 2018

Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2005. / With the largest growing population and "the world's fastest growing economy" (Jacob, 2004:20), China has an enormous pool of potential consumers who want to improve their lifestyles. China's opening of its retail market has encouraged the entrance of foreign retailers and has increased retailing. Many international companies and Chinese retailers are eager for a share of the Chinese market. China has made many reforms to its policies and regulations in order to join the World Trade Organization, and has evolved into a major investment destination for foreign investors. As a member of the World Trade Organization, China will benefit from increased access to the foreign market, but in return, it will have to expose itself to competition from foreign companies. The retail environment in China is evolving as markets mature. These markets are ripe for cultivation by foreign retailers whose advanced systems, operations, management and marketing skills can bring added levels of efficiency and enhanced performance to the Chinese markets. Many multinational retailers have operations in China and may more plan aggressive expansions to roots themselves. The foreign retailers have superior merchandising expertise, advanced management techniques, strong capital, reputable foreign brands, excellent service and flexible strategies. In addition, they have the wisdom to hire capable local managers to help them bridge cultural gaps to attract customers into their stores and build effective customers relationships. Foreign retails have set about changing the shopping behaviour of their Chinese customers. They import well-known foreign brands, create comfortable shopping environments, set prices applicable nationwide and create marketing campaigns that are extremely attractive to Chinese customers. According to a customer research survey, Chinese customers are becoming more discerning and sophisticated. They are moving from finding the best price to seeking the best quality, showing increasing brand awareness and loyalty to foreign brand-name goods. The Chinese retail market environment is becoming more complicated and competition is becoming intense.

Implementation of competition policies is one of the most recommended strategies to developing countries as a tool for achieving economic development. Using a panel dataset of over 100 countries and 7 years (from 2005-2011), I estimate the effect of competition on economic development, and also determine which of the comprehensive policy factors are the most relevant for increasing competition. A fixed effects instrumental variable approach is used.I find that competition intensity positively impacts economic development. The estimate is highly significant when effectiveness of antimonopoly policy and squared years of experience handling competition law are used as instruments for competition intensity. Political stability is shown to be a determinant for higher achievement in development. Macroeconomic environment and financial market development are also significant factors that contribute to higher economic development. Less developed countries should work intensively to improve their institutional quality and implement pro-competitive policies that are not only related to competition laws. / La implementación de políticas de competencia es una de las estrategias más recomendadas para países en desarrollo para conseguir el desarrollo económico. Usando un conjunto de datos panel de más de cien países durante siete años (desde 2005-2011), estimo el efecto de la competencia en el desarrollo económico. También determino cuáles de los factores de política integral son los más relevantes para incrementar la competencia. Se usa un enfoque con variables instrumentales de efectos fijos.Encuentro que la intensidad de la competencia impacta positivamente sobre el desarrollo económico. La estimación es altamente significativa cuando se usan como instrumentos de la intensidad de competencia: la efectividad de la política antimonopolio y los años de experiencia manejando leyes de competencia al cuadrado. Se demuestra que la estabilidad política es un determinante de mayor éxito y desarrollo. El entorno macroeconómico y el desarrollo del mercado financiero también son factores significativos que contribuyen a un mayor desarrollo económico. Los países menos desarrollados deben trabajar intensamente para mejorar su calidad institucional e implemente políticas pro-competencia que no solo estén relacionadas a las leyes de competencia.

O exercício do poder de tributar pela União, Estados-Membros, Municípios e o Distrito Federal, dentro dos limites das competências que lhes foram outorgadas pelo Legislador Constituinte Originário, pode implicar em distúrbios na concorrência. Assim, com fundamento nos princípios da livre iniciativa e da livre concorrência, partindo-se da análise da estrutura dos mercados e as distorções a eles inerentes, das formas de intervenção do Estado no domínio econômico, bem como em razão de expressa disposição constitucional no sentido de que o Estado deve manter uma posição de neutralidade tributária em relação à concorrência, conforme preconiza o artigo 146-A da Carta Magna, busca-se analisar alguns dos efeitos produzidos pela tributação, tais como os impactos da guerra fiscal entre estados da federação, as implicações das decisões judiciais em matéria tributária e questões relacionadas à imposição de deveres instrumentais (obrigações tributárias acessórias), sobre a concorrência. / Exercise of the taxing power by the Brazilian Federal, State and Local government levels, within the scope of their jurisdictions as granted by the Original Constitutional Legislature, may imply competitive disturbances. Therefore, based on the principles of free enterprise and free competition, and based on an analysis of market structures their inherent distortions; of forms of State intervention in the economic domain; and also as a result of an explicit constitutional provision in the sense that the State must maintain tax neutrality vis-à-vis competition, as per Article 146-A of the Brazilian Constitution; we analyze some of the effects of taxation, such as the impacts of interstate tax warfare, the implications of tax-related court decisions, and aspects associated with the imposition of instrumental duties (ancillary tax obligations) on competition.

The diploma thesis is focused on creation of competitive strategy of medium size firm. It analyzes current status of a company, which is specialized in the manufacture and sale of electric motors. The thesis investigates impal of external eviroment on the firm and it also analyses internal enviroment. The thesis defines strategic targets, contains proposal of competitive strategy of the company and time of its implementation.

The diploma thesis concentrates on the topic of trademarks in the context of the economic competition. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the general perspective on the trademarks and to the national and international legislation regulating the usage of trademarks. The second part of the thesis analyses the function and usage the trademarks in the context of the economic competition. The thesis is divided into 6 chapters. The first chapter focuses on the definition of the institute of a trademark and on its position in the system of intellectual property law. In addition, it provides an insight into the primary sources related to trademarks including the legislative norms and case-law. Moreover, the first chapter contains also a typological and functional classification of the trademarks and outlines the absolute and relative reasons for refusal to register a trademark and therefore for the denial to provide legal protection of this institute. The conclusion of the chapter is devoted to the various forms of expiry of the trademarks such as cancellation or expiration. Chapter two concentrates on the impact of the legal institute of a trademark. In particular, it focuses on the rights and duties of the owner of a trademark including the limitations of the intellectual property law imbued in a...

Thesis title: Public law instruments to penalise the delict of restriction of competition. This paper deals with issue of public law instruments to penalise delicts of restriction of competition in its strict sense Act No. 143/2001 Coll., Act on the Protection of Competition. The goal was to describe and evaluate the procedure for imposing sanctions, with regard on problematic institutes, and to analyze changes related to reform of administrative penalisation. This paper deals with both instruments of administrative law and criminal law. The diploma thesis is divided into seven chapters and the introduction and the conclusion. The first chapter defines the concepts of competition, competition law and its enforcement, with a focus on public enforcement of competition law. The second and third chapters deal with sanction proceedings in competition-law cases and its differences from general regulation. In particular, it describes the procedure of penalisation with attention to new procedural legislation. The fourth and fifth chapters contain a description of the particular offenses and penalties imposed for their violation. The largest part is devoted to the determination of the specific amount of the fine and the specifics of imposing fines on public authorities. The sixth chapter deals with...

LL.M. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The aim of this thesis with the topic "Strategic analysis" is to elaborate the strategic analysis of the První zemědělská, a.s. Tuněchody company,i.e. to analyse the external and internal environment, to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and last but not least to conceive strategic recommendations. The thesis is divided into two main parts, the theoretical part and the application part.