xviii, 147 p. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT LB1131 .P64 2008 / Identifying children with developmental delays or disabilities as early as possible is a growing concern and has increased focus on the development of valid, reliable screening tools. The previous editions of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) have been investigated and found to be valid and reliable for screening children at risk for delay and in need of further evaluation. This study examined the psychometric properties of a newly revised third edition, including the utility of the addition of a "monitor" scoring category with preschool age children. Participants included 59 child/parent dyads ages 45-65 months with either no known risk factors ( n = 39) or one or more risk factors ( n = 20). Results from data analyses evaluating the psychometric properties were promising. Validity was investigated by examining concurrent validity using the Battelle Developmental Inventory, 2 nd Edition (BDI-2). Classifications (i.e., "typically developing" or "identified") of child's performance based on the domain scores of the ASQ were compared to the classifications of the child's performance based on total developmental quotient scores of the BDI-2. Percentage of agreement between classifications (91%) was computed. Based on BDI-2 and ASQ agreement, specificity was 91%, sensitivity 100%, and positive predictive value 20%. Reliability was examined with test-retest, inter-observer, and internal consistency. Intraclass correlations (ICC) and percent agreement were used to calculate test-retest and inter-observer reliability. ICC for test-retest ranged from .29 to a .88 when comparing individual domain scores from time one to time two. Percent agreement was calculated by comparing classifications at time one to classifications at time two, with 96% agreement. ICC for inter-observer reliability ranged from .22 to 1.00, with a percent agreement of 100%. Internal consistency means were calculated at: communication .66, gross motor.70, fine motor.52, problem solving .35, and personal-social .61. Results from the analyses addressing the utility of a "monitor" scoring category and using learning activities suggested that (a) parents and teachers found the activities easy to understand and use, and (b) the learning activities would be effective with a child scoring in this category. / Adviser: Jane K. Squires

Suicidal behaviors are common and problematic among young populations, and attitudes held towards such behavior likely impact the frequency of its occurrence. The present study was conducted to gain insight into the attitudes held towards suicide attempt victims amongst a traditional college population. Undergraduate students (n = 360) were administered a survey to assess demographics, suicide ideation levels, and perceptions formed after reading a short suicide attempt report. Results indicated that ideation levels had the most impact on perceptions, with ideators being significantly more likely than non-ideators to view suicide attempters as more intelligent, more justified in their actions, more likable, more trusting, and more likely to be a personal friend. These findings signify that acceptance of suicidal behavior is positively correlated with one’s own level of suicidal ideation. The understanding of these attitudes is an essential aspect to address when developing prevention programs for suicidal behaviors in the future.

Syftet med studien är att få ökad kunskap om och förståelse för unga kortutbildade intagnas inställning tillutbildning och motivation att studera i fängelse. Arbetet innehåller såväl kvantitativa som kvalitativa inslag.De kvantitativa delarna syftar till att beskriva urvalsgruppen med hjälp av metoden enkät och de kvalitativa tillatt få fördjupad förståelse för hur unga intagna resonerar om studier och utbildning genom semistruktureradeintervjuer. De kvantitativa resultaten redovisas deskriptivt med hjälp av grafer och kommenteras i relation tilltidigare forskning. Gruppen unga studerar i betydligt högre grad 2012 på den undersökta anstalten än nationellstatistik från 2006. De kvalitativa delarna analyseras och tolkas utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Först beskrivsinformanterna översiktligt utifrån tidsperspektiven då – nu – framtid. Därefter konstrueras fyra karaktärerutifrån hur de talar om utbildnings betydelse och studiemotivation: Den aktive och insiktsfulle, Dentveksamme sökaren, Den orolige och osäkre och Den avvisande. Så söktes teoretiska infallsvinklar på hurinformanterna talade om motivation, vilket utmynnade i en fyrfältare som illustrerar hur yttre och inremotivation och motstånd samspelar samt hur föränderliga och sköra de kan vara hos den som inte är van attstudera. För den som valt en kriminell identitet tidigt i livet framstår inte utbildning som självklart positivt ellereftersträvansvärt. Många upplever ett utanförskap och för att bli en del av majoritetssamhället krävs en vilja tillsocial transformation. Ambivalens är ett viktigt tillstånd för att utforska olika alternativa vägval. Relationenlärare – studerande kan ha avgörande betydelse för om en ung intagen med kort utbildningsbakgrund skavilja, våga och kunna studera.

With the maturity of the semiconductor and communication technology, and vehicle technology is unable to break through obviously, therefore automobile corporations begins to try to apply the electronic product to the field of the vehicle in order to separate the difference district of the products, besides offering and is different from the function that machinery displays, its range of application is not only products, such as engine, transmission or chassis, but march toward with voluntarily safe, driving convenience, functional intelligence, relevant products of taking comfortableness and high dependability gradually, so involving the new industry in relevant technology, such as car making, electron, photoelectricity, communication, the auto-electron is attracted attention by the world. In global capitalism, economic activity is not only international in scope, it is also global in organization. 'Internationalization' refers to the geographic spread of economic activities across national boundaries. As such, it is not a new phenomenon. Indeed, it has been a prominent feature of the world economy since at least the seventeenth century when colonial empires began to carve up the globe in search of raw materials and new markets for their manufactured exports. 'Globalization' is much more recent than internationalization because it implies functional integration between internationally dispersed activities. So synthesize above-mentioned, I am going to use this regard globalizing the concept as theory 'Global commodity chain' of foundation, to inspect the electronic industry of the automobile of Taiwan, and plus the policies of automobile electron like 'IA completed vehicle plan' and its network structure. This research, in order to obtain each other's network inter-dynamic relation among industry, manufacturer, adopt the depth interview. The result of study is found, one of two kinds of driven ways derived out for the global commodity chain of the electronic industry mode of production of the automobile of Taiwan is 'buyer driven', the main reason is to urge the strength of industry's technology and products trend is coming from automobile corporation as 'branded manufacturers', and is absorbed in belonging to the roles of 'the factory' in the electronic manufacturer of Taiwan of the production field; And this industry is new industries derived out after combining with the electronic industry by the automobile, so the automobile and electron are on the inter-dynamic relation, and cooperative through 'security regardless parts', 'system software', 'call-center service¡¦; However government policies can actually drive the industry to develop, and combine the energy of the automobile and electronic industry, but government should offer more encourage policies to replace managing, restricted ones.

The Chinese government has announced the 2013 Guidelines for developing a national system for early detection of disability among children under 6 years of age. However, given limited resources, challenges exist with developmental measures required in the 2013 Guidelines. In order to meet the needs for a more accurate and cost-efficient measure for developmental assessment, the Ages & Stages Questionnaires:INVENTORY was translated into Simplified Chinese, and validated on a regional sample of 812 Chinese children ages from 1-25 months. Psychometric properties were examined; data from previous studies on the ASQ:INVENTORY in the U.S. were compared to identify differences between the two countries. Results indicated that the Chinese ASQ:INVENTORY was an instrument with sufficient internal consistency, reliability and validity. It was well accepted by parents and professionals in China. Findings suggested that the Chinese ASQ:INVENTORY provides a promising alternative measure for screening and diagnosing developmental delays in young children in China. Implications for future research and implementation are discussed.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligast förekommande cancersjukdomen bland kvinnor. Tidig diagnostik och behandling ökar chansen att överleva bröstcancer. I processen att avsluta behandling och gå vidare i livet kan psykiska och fysiska upplevelser påverka kvinnors vardag, i samband med detta kan de uppleva ett fortsatt behov av stöd. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva kvinnors upplevelser av att leva med bröstcancer efter avslutad behandling. Metod: Litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats där 12 studier som svarade på syftet valts ut. En kvalitativ analys gjordes av materialet som sedan sammanställdes i kategorier och underkategorier. Resultatet: Resultatet visar att kvinnor har olika fysiska och psykiska upplevelser efter avslutad bröstcancerbehandling som påverkar dem i vardagen. Fyra huvudkategorier identifierades: Begränsningar, Oro för framtiden, Behov av stöd och Nytt livsperspektiv. Konklusion: Kunskapen om kvinnors upplevelser och behov efter avslutad bröstcancerbehandling bör uppmärksammas i utformningen av individanpassad omvårdnad. Detta kan underlätta kvinnors vardag och öka välbefinnandet.   Nyckelord: Bröstcancer, kvinnor, upplevelser, avslutad behandling, stöd. / Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Early diagnosis and treatment increase the chance of surviving breast cancer. In the process of ending treatment and moving on in life, psychological and physical experiences can affect women's daily lives, and in this context they may experience a continuing need for support.   Aim: To describe women’s experiences of living with breast cancer after completed treatment. Methods: A literature study with qualitative approach where 12 studies were chosen that responded to the aim. A qualitative analysis was made of the material and then compiled into 4 categories and 10 subcategories. Results: The result shows that women have different physical and psychological experiences after completed breast cancer treatment that affects them in everyday life. Four main categories were identified: Restrictions, concerns about the future, need for support and new life perspective. Conclusion: The knowledge of women's experiences and needs after completed breast cancer treatment should be noted in the formation of personalized care. This can facilitate the everyday lives of women and increase their well-being.   Keywords: Breast cancer, women, experiences, completed treatment, support.

Thesis (M. Sc. (Statistics)) --University of Limpopo, 2017. / South Africa is one of the countries with chronic high unemployment rate. The unemployment rate has consistently been above 24% for a considerable period of time. It is important for policy and decision makers to know the type of persons who are unemployed, and underemployed in order to come up with the right intervention. The purpose of this study was to find and describe the determinants of unemployment, underemployment, and earnings in South Africa. In order to realize the objectives of the study, secondary data from 2012 Quarterly Labour Force Survey was used. Statistics South Africa collects labour market related information from persons between the age of 15 and 64. The data have information on status of unemployment, underemployment and earnings and other related to variables. Logistic regression was applied on the data and it was found that age, gender, population group, marital status, level of education, and province were significant determinants of unemployment in South Africa. Gender, population group, sector, marital status and contract duration were found to be significantly associated with time-related underemployment. Generalised linear model was applied on the data and it was found that gender, population group, marital status, level of education contract duration, geographical location, and sector were the determinants of earnings.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är idag den tredje vanligast förekommande cancersjukdomen i världen och den cancerdiagnos som uteslutande ställs till flest kvinnor. Ny forskning leder till fler och bättre behandlingsalternativ och allt fler kvinnor överlever sin sjukdom. Att gå vidare efter avslutad behandling innebär stora förändringar psykiskt och fysiskt som i stor utsträckning påverkar kvinnornas vardag och livskvalité. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa kvinnors erfarenheter efter avslutad bröstcancerbehandling.  Metod: En litteraturstudie med kvalitativ ansats med grund i Fribergs metod genomfördes. Utifrån tre databaser resulterade sökningarna i elva artiklar som analyserades och sammanställdes i kategorier och underkategorier.  Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra huvudkategorier; 1.Erfarenheter av en förändrad kropp, 2.En tillvaro med stora påfrestningar, 3.Strävan efter en meningsfull tillvaro, 4.Att bli lämnad av vården. Konklusion: Kunskapen om kvinnors behov efter avslutad bröstcancerbehandling krävs för att kunna individanpassa omvårdnad och för att underlätta kvinnors vardag. Detta bör belysas i syfte att bidra med kunskap som resulterar i en ökad livskvalitet hos dessa kvinnor. / Background: Breast cancer is today the third most common cancer diagnosis in the world and the most frequent diagnosis amongst women. New research is leading to more and better treatment options and results in more women surviving their disease. Moving on after completing treatment involves major changes mentally and physically that affects women's everyday lives. Aim: The aim of this study was to shed light on women's experiences after finishing a breast cancer treatment.  Methods: A literature study with a qualitative approach based on Friberg´s method was conducted. Based on three databases, the searches resulted in eleven articles that were analyzed and compiled into categories and subcategories.  Result: The analysis resulted in four main categories; 1.Experiences of a changed body, 2.A life with great stress, 3.The pursuit of a meaningful life, 4.To be left by healthcare. Conklusion: Knowledge of women's needs after completing their breast cancer treatment is required in order to be able to adapt nursing to individuals and to facilitate women's everyday lives. This should be highlighted in order to contribute knowledge that results in an increased quality of life for these women.

The purpose of this study was to determine if the instructional and organizational needs of educators were fully met in school buildings constructed through the provision of a public/private partnership and the degree of satisfaction in the completed facility. This study examined the implementation of the Public/Private Education Facilities and Infrastructure Act of 2002 (PPEA) in the Commonwealth of Virginia to construct public school facilities. School divisions that entered into a school construction project using the provisions of a public/private partnership between 2002 and 2013 were identified by the Virginia Department of Education. An electronic survey was created to solicit feedback from participants regarding their level of input and engagement during the planning and design stages of development and teacher and principal satisfaction with the completed school facility. The survey instrument had 33 items. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The frequency and percentage from each category, mean, and mode were also reported for each quantitative survey item. Qualitative data were examined by response categories according to the experiences teachers and principals. The Public/Private Partnership Survey was sent to the administrators and teachers of 14 public schools throughout the Commonwealth of Virginia. There were 131 participants from 14 schools that completed and returned the survey. The findings indicated that while some participants had an ideal experience throughout the construction project, the majority of the participants did not feel that they had significant engagement or input during the planning stages prior to the public/private partnership school construction project. Additionally, while thankful for an improved school facility, teachers and principals consistently responded that if their feedback had been valued, they would be working in a completed school facility better suited to meet the needs of all stakeholders. Principals and teachers who were the most satisfied with their school facility had high levels of engagement during the planning stages, the input they provided was valued, and translated into the educational specification documents and into the completed school facility. / Ed. D.

Le but de la classification est de partager des ensembles de données en sous-ensembles les plus homogènes possibles, c'est-à-dire que les membres d'une classe doivent plus se ressembler entre eux qu'aux membres des autres classes. Le problème se complique lorsque le statisticien souhaite définir des groupes à la fois sur les individus et sur les variables. Le modèle des blocs latents définit une loi pour chaque croisement de classe d'objets et de classe de variables, et les observations sont supposées indépendantes conditionnellement au choix de ces classes. Toutefois, il est impossible de factoriser la loi jointe des labels empêchant le calcul de la logvraisemblance et l'utilisation de l'algorithme EM. Plusieurs méthodes et critères existent pour retrouver ces partitions, certains fréquentistes, d'autres bayésiens, certains stochastiques, d'autres non. Dans cette thèse, nous avons d'abord proposé des conditions suffisantes pour obtenir l'identifiabilité. Dans un second temps, nous avons étudié deux algorithmes proposés pour contourner le problème de l'algorithme EM : VEM de Govaert et Nadif (2008) et SEM-Gibbs de Keribin, Celeux et Govaert (2010). En particulier, nous avons analysé la combinaison des deux et mis en évidence des raisons pour lesquelles les algorithmes dégénèrent (terme utilisé pour dire qu'ils renvoient des classes vides). En choisissant des lois a priori judicieuses, nous avons ensuite proposé une adaptation bayésienne permettant de limiter ce phénomène. Nous avons notamment utilisé un échantillonneur de Gibbs dont nous proposons un critère d'arrêt basé sur la statistique de Brooks-Gelman (1998). Nous avons également proposé une adaptation de l'algorithme Largest Gaps (Channarond et al. (2012)). En reprenant leurs démonstrations, nous avons démontré que les estimateurs des labels et des paramètres obtenus sont consistants lorsque le nombre de lignes et de colonnes tendent vers l'infini. De plus, nous avons proposé une méthode pour sélectionner le nombre de classes en ligne et en colonne dont l'estimation est également consistante à condition que le nombre de ligne et de colonne soit très grand. Pour estimer le nombre de classes, nous avons étudié le critère ICL (Integrated Completed Likelihood) dont nous avons proposé une forme exacte. Après avoir étudié l'approximation asymptotique, nous avons proposé un critère BIC (Bayesian Information Criterion) puis nous conjecturons que les deux critères sélectionnent les mêmes résultats et que ces estimations seraient consistantes ; conjecture appuyée par des résultats théoriques et empiriques. Enfin, nous avons comparé les différentes combinaisons et proposé une méthodologie pour faire une analyse croisée de données. / Classification aims at sharing data sets in homogeneous subsets; the observations in a class are more similar than the observations of other classes. The problem is compounded when the statistician wants to obtain a cross classification on the individuals and the variables. The latent block model uses a law for each crossing object class and class variables, and observations are assumed to be independent conditionally on the choice of these classes. However, factorizing the joint distribution of the labels is impossible, obstructing the calculation of the log-likelihood and the using of the EM algorithm. Several methods and criteria exist to find these partitions, some frequentist ones, some bayesian ones, some stochastic ones... In this thesis, we first proposed sufficient conditions to obtain the identifiability of the model. In a second step, we studied two proposed algorithms to counteract the problem of the EM algorithm: the VEM algorithm (Govaert and Nadif (2008)) and the SEM-Gibbs algorithm (Keribin, Celeux and Govaert (2010)). In particular, we analyzed the combination of both and highlighted why the algorithms degenerate (term used to say that it returns empty classes). By choosing priors wise, we then proposed a Bayesian adaptation to limit this phenomenon. In particular, we used a Gibbs sampler and we proposed a stopping criterion based on the statistics of Brooks-Gelman (1998). We also proposed an adaptation of the Largest Gaps algorithm (Channarond et al. (2012)). By taking their demonstrations, we have shown that the labels and parameters estimators obtained are consistent when the number of rows and columns tend to infinity. Furthermore, we proposed a method to select the number of classes in row and column, the estimation provided is also consistent when the number of row and column is very large. To estimate the number of classes, we studied the ICL criterion (Integrated Completed Likelihood) whose we proposed an exact shape. After studying the asymptotic approximation, we proposed a BIC criterion (Bayesian Information Criterion) and we conjecture that the two criteria select the same results and these estimates are consistent; conjecture supported by theoretical and empirical results. Finally, we compared the different combinations and proposed a methodology for co-clustering.