This dissertation is a multi-disciplinary study, which integrates a software engineering approach with instructional factors in the decision-making, analysis, design and development processes of instructional software. Software engineering models, tools and representations are used in the process of software construction. With reference to the fundamental characteristics of the software product, several disciplines and factors, from both instructional and computing perspectives are considered, and the most appropriate approach/es selected. Software engineering, instructional design and instructional theory are considered as pillars of courseware engineering. The object-oriented design paradigm and a prototyping life-cycle model are found to be most suitable for development of computer-aided instruction. The conceptual study is illustrated by prototype development of a component-based multi-activity practice environment in theoretical Computer Science. It offers perusal or practice, in various instructional modes, according to the user's preferred learning style or need. / Computing / M. Sc. (Information Systems)

This dissertation is a multi-disciplinary study, which integrates a software engineering approach with instructional factors in the decision-making, analysis, design and development processes of instructional software. Software engineering models, tools and representations are used in the process of software construction. With reference to the fundamental characteristics of the software product, several disciplines and factors, from both instructional and computing perspectives are considered, and the most appropriate approach/es selected. Software engineering, instructional design and instructional theory are considered as pillars of courseware engineering. The object-oriented design paradigm and a prototyping life-cycle model are found to be most suitable for development of computer-aided instruction. The conceptual study is illustrated by prototype development of a component-based multi-activity practice environment in theoretical Computer Science. It offers perusal or practice, in various instructional modes, according to the user's preferred learning style or need. / Computing / M. Sc. (Information Systems)

Die didaktischen Voraussetzungen und die informationstechnischen Methoden, die im Formalerschließungsfernunterricht und bei der Erstellung entsprechender Lernprogramme Anwendung finden können, wurden zunächst theoretisch untersucht und dann praktische Empfehlungen für den Formalerschließungsfernunterricht gegeben. Bei der Gestaltung des Fernunterrichts sollten mehrere Lerntheorien herangezogen werden. An Lehrinhalten sind neben Katalogs- und Regelwerkskunde auch die Umsetzung der Formalerschließung in die elektronische Datenverarbeitung, die Formalerschließung aus der Sicht der Benutzer und die Organisation der Formalerschließung zu fordern. Kognitive, pragmatische und affektive Lernziele wurden formuliert. Für die kognitiven Lernziele wurde die Lernzieltaxonomie von Bloom an die weitergehenden Erfordernisse des Formalerschließungsunterrichts angepasst. Daneben wurden persönliche Kompetenzen angegeben. Der Unterricht muss auf die Bedürfnisse der Zielgruppe abgestimmt sein. Zu beachten sind Alter, Bildungsgrad, fachspezifische Vorbildung, Geschlecht und die verschiedenen Lernstile. Besonders Fernstudien bedürfen entsprechender Motivierung der Lernenden. Dafür wurde die ARCS-Motivationstheorie um den Punkt "Freiheit" erweitert. Die neun Instruktionsereignisse von Gagné wurden durch konstruktivistische Methoden zu elf didaktischen Anweisungen ergänzt und für den Formalerschließungsfernunterricht ausformuliert. Die Vermittlung der Regelwerke geschieht am besten durch tutorielle Lernprogramme mit Hilfe von Hypermedia. Bei der Entwicklung von Lernprogrammen wurden dieselben didaktischen Überlegungen wie bei der Unterrichtsplanung realisiert. Die technische Umsetzung sollte in einfacher Weise erfolgen, damit das Lernprogramm flexibel bleibt. Um die Möglichkeit der Umsetzung aufzuzeigen, wurden die ersten beiden Module eines Lernprogramms "Umsetzung der RAK-WB in ALEPH500" entwickelt. / The didactics of distance education in the area of descriptive cataloguing with special attention to computer aided instruction The didactic requirements and the methods of information technology that can be used in distance learning of descriptive cataloguing and in the preparation of appropriate computer aided instruction programs are first investigated theoretically and then practical recommendations are made. In the design of distance education several learning theories should be incorporated. The topics of instruction should include not only cataloguing and standards, but also the conversion of descriptive cataloguing to EDP formats, descriptive cataloguing from the perspective of the user and the organisation of descriptive cataloguing. Cognitive, pragmatic and affective learning objectives are set out. Bloom's taxonomy of learning objectives is adapted to meet the advanced needs of descriptive cataloguing. In addition, personal competences are reviewed. Instruction must correspond to the needs of the target group. Factors that must be taken into account are age, level of education, existing specialised knowledge, sex and different learning styles. The need to motivate learners is especially important in distance education. To this end ARCS-motivation theory is expanded to include the topic "freedom". Gagné's "Nine Events of Instruction" are expanded by methods of constructivism to encompass eleven didactic statements, which are formulated in terms of descriptive cataloguing. Standards can best be taught by means of computer aided tutorials using hypermedia. In the development of these tutorials the same didactic considerations are realised as in the planning of instruction. In order to assure the flexibility of tutorials, the technical design should be uncomplicated. The first two modules of a tutorial "Conversion of RAK-WB to ALEPH500" have been developed to demonstrate the feasibility and means of designing such a tutorial.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:32:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo_Luiz_Dias_da_Silva_Gabriel.pdf: 497586 bytes, checksum: 22d22f1b35bf4718e82b5bcaf995c24b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-02-25 / The purpose of this research was to evaluate the business administration undergratuate course teachers' perception of information and communication technology usage in classroom as a marketing process according to their age, gratuate degree, teaching experience and proessional (non-teaching) experience. In order to achieve this result, the resource's availability in terms of technology were evaluated, the pertinence of technology in the teaching-learning process of business administration, their usage and personal qualification were evaluated and the student's capacity as well and how they understand the techno-based courses in terms of an offer (product and service) to a certain need (demand) from different customers as the student, the hiring organization and the society as a whole. After the literature review, a questionnaire was created in order to establish an inventory of respondents' demographic data and 24 questions to be answered through a Likert's scale of five alternatives. The resulting data were evaluated using the SPSS software, release 12. Both Factorial and Discriminant Analysis were used. As result of research, relevant issues were observed. The less age respondents had a more positive perception of technology's benefits to the different social actors involved in the process, as the less graduate degree's respondents were unanimous in state their agreement with the techno-based class as a marketing oriented approach / O presente trabalho de pesquisa teve como finalidade avaliar a vis??o dos professores dos cursos de gradua????o em administra????o de empresas sobre o uso da tecnologia da informa????o e comunica????o em fun????o de sua idade, titula????o acad??mica, experi??ncia docente e experi??ncia profissional n??o docente como processo mercadol??gico. Objetivou-se identificar a disponibilidade de recursos dispon??veis, avaliar a percep????o dos respondentes quanto ?? relev??ncia do uso da tecnologia no processo ensino-aprendizagem de administra????o de empresas, seu uso e capacita????o, mensurar a capacita????o dos alunos no uso de internet e e-mail e seu entendimento do uso da tecnologia no ensino como processo resposta (oferta de produto/servi??o) a uma necessidade (demanda) do mercado, composto de alunos, futuros empregadores e sociedade. Ap??s elabora????o do referencial te??rico foi elaborado um instrumento de pesquisa (question??rio) para defini????o de um invent??rio dos respondentes e 24 assertivas para serem respondidas mediante a escolha de cinco alternativas, de acordo com a escala de Likert. Os dados resultantes foram analisados com o apoio do software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) base 12, atrav??s dos m??todos de an??lise fatorial e an??lise discriminante. Como resultado da pesquisa foi observado que os respondentes com menos idade demonstraram uma vis??o mais positiva em rela????o aos benef??cios da tecnologia para os diferentes atores sociais envolvidos (aluno, institui????o, empresa contratante e sociedade), bem como os respondentes com menor titula????o acad??mica que, embora exercendo suas atividades em IES menos aparelhadas, concordam que a tecnologia na sala de aula ?? uma resposta ??s necessidades do mercado de forma un??nime.

Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν η ανάπτυξη και αξιολόγηση ενός προγράμματος πολυμέσων για την εκμάθηση των φυσικών αρχών της μαγνητικής τομογραφίας από μεταπτυχιακούς φοιτητές της Ιατρικής Φυσικής του Πανεπιστημίου της Πάτρας. Η ανάπτυξη του εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος έγινε με την χρήση κατάλληλου προγράμματος συγγραφής πολυμέσων. Δεκαοχτώ μεταπτυχιακοί φοιτητές της Ιατρικής Φυσικής κατατάχτηκαν τυχαία σε δύο ομάδες, την ομάδα των υπολογιστών και την ομάδα του βιβλίου. Όλοι οι συμμετέχοντες αξιολογήθηκαν με ένα τεστ με ερωτήσεις πολλαπλής επιλογής 2 εβδομάδες πριν την αρχή των παραδόσεων, στο τέλος των παραδόσεων και ένα μήνα μετά το τέλος των παραδόσεων. Επιπλέον συμπλήρωσαν ερωτηματολόγια για την αξιολόγηση των στάσεων και πεποιθήσεων τους σχετικά με την χρήση υπολογιστών στην εκπαίδευση. Οι βαθμολογίες των δύο ομάδων συγκρίθηκαν με την βοήθεια της στατιστικής δοκιμασίας ANOVA. Το εκπαιδευτικό πρόγραμμα που αναπτύχτηκε αποτελείται από 6 ενότητες για την διδασκαλία πολύπλοκων φυσικών αρχών MRI με την βοήθεια animation. Κάθε ενότητα περιλαμβάνει ένα τεστ και οι επιδόσεις των χρηστών μπορούν να καταγραφούν και να αναλυθούν με ένα ξεχωριστό πρόγραμμα. Στην ενότητα που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την αξιολόγηση οι φοιτητές της ομάδας με τους υπολογιστές πέτυχαν στατιστικά υψηλότερους βαθμούς (Μ=80.5, SD=9.4) από τους σπουδαστές με το βιβλίο (M=61.3, SD=12.5, p=.003). Επιπλέον οι φοιτητές των υπολογιστών φαίνεται να εκτιμούν περισσότερο την εκμάθηση μέσω της χρήσης υπολογιστών συγκριτικά με τους σπουδαστές της ομάδας του βιβλίου (p=.230). Οι απόψεις των φοιτητών για την επέκταση της χρήσης των πολυμέσων στην ιατρική φυσική εστιάζονται σε θέματα σχετικά με τα κίνητρα, τις εκπαιδευτικές δυνατότητες και την αξία του περιεχομένου. Τα αναφερθέντα μειονεκτήματα ήταν ελάχιστα, και ήταν επικεντρωμένα κυρίως σε τεχνικά θέματα και σε μαθησιακές δυσκολίες. Η εκπαίδευση με χρήση πολυμέσων είναι χρήσιμη και επικουρική μέθοδος για την εκμάθηση των φυσικών αρχών MRI από μεταπτυχιακούς φοιτητές. Η παρούσα μελέτη έδειξε ότι η χρήση κατάλληλων προγραμμάτων πολυμέσων βελτιώνει την κατανόηση πολύ περισσότερο συγκριτικά με παραδοσιακές μεθόδους μάθησης. / The objectives of this study were to develop and evaluate an interactive multimedia computer based instructional package in MRI physics and to provide first year medical physics postgraduate students of University of Patras with an interactive means of self-study and self-evaluation. An authoring system was used to develop the courseware package. Eighteen postgraduate medical physics students were prospectively, randomly assigned to receive instruction on the same topic from a textbook and an interactive computer module. Participants were evaluated by a multiple choice test 2 weeks before the lectures, at the end of the lectures and by a retention test 1 month after the end. They also completed questionnaires to elicit their attitudes toward the two instructional methods. Mean test scores of the textbook and computer groups were compared by means of analysis of variance. The developed MRI program is a suite of 6 interactive modules designed to dynamically teach complex MRI concepts using media-rich animations. All modules include a quiz and since patterns of use by student can be recorded a Log Decryption utility and a Log Reader utility was also developed. The tested module demonstrated that students in the computer group (M=80.5, SD=9.4) scored significantly higher on their post-test when compared with the textbook group (M=61.3, SD=12.5, p=.003). Furthermore students in the computer group seem to appreciate multimedia modules more compared to textbook students (p=.003). There were no differences noted between method of instruction and learner satisfaction (p=.230). Students’ rationale for expanding the use of multimedia in physics education seemed to focus on issues concerning motivation, instructional capabilities and content value. The disadvantages reported were few, their prevalence considerably small, especially after the intervention and were mostly focused on technical issues and some difficulties in learning. Computer aided instruction is a useful and effective aid for teaching MRI principles to postgraduate students. The study demonstrated that the inclusion of properly designed multimedia modules enhance conceptual understanding far more than do traditional methods.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of using animated computer 3-D figures illustration (ACTDFI) in the learning of polyhedron in geometry. By random sampling, intact group of four grade 9 classes in four different schools from a cluster of four educational district schools of Limpopo province in South Africa were selected. The study involved quasi-experimental and inquiry research approaches, the quasi-experimental approach involved pre and posttest design while the inquiry research approach involve classroom observation. There were three experimental groups and a control group with a total of 174 study participants. ACTDFI was used as an intervention for two weeks in the three experimental groups while in the control group, chalk-talk traditional teaching approach was used. Pre-test and post-test was used to collect quantitative data while classroom observation was used to collect qualitative data. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of using animated computer 3-D figures illustration (ACTDFI) in the learning of polyhedron in geometry. By random sampling, intact group of four grade 9 classes in four different schools from a cluster of four educational district schools of Limpopo province in South Africa were selected. The study involved quasi-experimental and inquiry research approaches, the quasi-experimental approach involved pre and posttest design while the inquiry research approach involve classroom observation. There were three experimental groups and a control group with a total of 174 study participants. ACTDFI was used as an intervention for two weeks in the three experimental groups while in the control group, chalk-talk traditional teaching approach was used. Pre-test and post-test was used to collect quantitative data while classroom observation was used to collect qualitative data. The findings from the quantitative Classroom observations were carried out to collect relevant data on how the study participants were taught stationary points in differential calculus, especially with the use of the constructivist pedagogical approach. A suitable observation checklist was developed for this purpose (Appendix 6 refers). Classroom observation checklist is a list of factors to be considered while observing a class. It gives a structure and framework for the observation. suggested that the use of ACTDFI might have improved academic achievement in learning of polyhedron during the intervention, while the qualitative data analysis indicated that the use of ACTDFI in the experimental groups might have facilitated the learning of the concepts of polyhedron. It is therefore recommended that further research is necessary on the application of ACTDFI in the teaching of 3-dimensional shapes at the primary schools / Mathematics Education / M. Sc. (Mathematics Education)