Este trabalho relata um estudo realizado para medir a eficiência da abordagem conceitual no ensino da saúde, tendo em vista oferecer subsídios para o planejamento do ensino da saúde. A matéria saúde na escola de 1º Grau foi organizada numa hierarquia conceitual e experiências de aprendizagem planejadas visando à consecução de objetivos cognitivos, afetivos e práticos em relação à saúde. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma escola pública de São Paulo. Foram tomadas três classes para realizar o estudo. Com o grupo experimental foi usada a abordagem conceitual no ensino; no outro grupo, a metodologia foi escolhida pelo professor, que utilizou a abordagem tradicional; com o grupo controle não se desenvolveu nenhuma atividade específica de ensino da saúde. Comparados os resultados, constatou-se que houve uma diferença significante na aprendizagem do grupo experimental, maior que nos outros grupos. O estudo concluiu que a abordagem conceitual no ensino da saúde do primeiro grau e mais eficiente do que a abordagem tradicional para identificar, selecionar, organizar e desenvolver saúde como materia curricular. / This paper describes a study carried out to measure the efficiency of the conceptual approach in health teaching, in order to contribute to the planning health, teaching in elementary schools. Health was organized in a conceptual hierarchy, and learning experiences were planned covering behavioral objectives to achieve health at the levels cognitive, affective and action. The program was developed in a public school of S.Paulo. Theree classes were chosen: at the experimental the conceptual approach was used for teaching; in the second class the methodology was selected by the teacherwho used the traditional approach; at the third, as the control class, planned activities to teach health were carried out. The results showed that there was a significant difference in learning for the experimental group much greater than in the other classes. The study concludes that the conceptual approach to teach health is more efficient than the traditional to identify, select, organize and develop health as a subject of the school curriculum.

Este trabalho relata um estudo realizado para medir a eficiência da abordagem conceitual no ensino da saúde, tendo em vista oferecer subsídios para o planejamento do ensino da saúde. A matéria saúde na escola de 1º Grau foi organizada numa hierarquia conceitual e experiências de aprendizagem planejadas visando à consecução de objetivos cognitivos, afetivos e práticos em relação à saúde. O estudo foi desenvolvido em uma escola pública de São Paulo. Foram tomadas três classes para realizar o estudo. Com o grupo experimental foi usada a abordagem conceitual no ensino; no outro grupo, a metodologia foi escolhida pelo professor, que utilizou a abordagem tradicional; com o grupo controle não se desenvolveu nenhuma atividade específica de ensino da saúde. Comparados os resultados, constatou-se que houve uma diferença significante na aprendizagem do grupo experimental, maior que nos outros grupos. O estudo concluiu que a abordagem conceitual no ensino da saúde do primeiro grau e mais eficiente do que a abordagem tradicional para identificar, selecionar, organizar e desenvolver saúde como materia curricular. / This paper describes a study carried out to measure the efficiency of the conceptual approach in health teaching, in order to contribute to the planning health, teaching in elementary schools. Health was organized in a conceptual hierarchy, and learning experiences were planned covering behavioral objectives to achieve health at the levels cognitive, affective and action. The program was developed in a public school of S.Paulo. Theree classes were chosen: at the experimental the conceptual approach was used for teaching; in the second class the methodology was selected by the teacherwho used the traditional approach; at the third, as the control class, planned activities to teach health were carried out. The results showed that there was a significant difference in learning for the experimental group much greater than in the other classes. The study concludes that the conceptual approach to teach health is more efficient than the traditional to identify, select, organize and develop health as a subject of the school curriculum.

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to examine the cognitive, metacognitive, affective and instructional constructs that influence students’ problem solving development in a community college Introductory Algebra course. The study addressed the lack of success that developmental mathematics students in a community college have in the Introductory Algebra course and in subsequent curriculum mathematics courses. Research suggests that the prevalent procedural-oriented instructional methodology used in most mathematics classrooms may be contributing to the lack of student success. The community college students (N = 140) in this study were enrolled in an Introductory Algebra course. The study investigated the relationships among the constructs self-regulation, students’ problem solving development, and instructional methods used in the Introductory Algebra course. A correlational design established the quantitative relationships among the constructs. The aim of this study was to heighten the awareness of both the cognitive and non-cognitive aspects of adult student learning, as well as, the importance of attending to the students’ conceptual understanding of mathematics.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Conceptual Approach and Combined Reading Study Strategy on 9th grade private high school students&rsquo / achievement and attitudes towards optics at &Ccedil / ankaya district of Ankara. For Conceptual Approach, Conceptually Based Instruction was developed. Combined Reading Study Strategy is the integration of reading strategies of the KWL and SQ3R. For the study, two measuring tools / Physics Achievement Test, Physics Attitude Scale and various Teaching/Leaning Materials were developed. The study was conducted with 124 ninth grade private high school students in &Ccedil / ankaya district in the spring semester 2006-2007. The study was conducted with three teachers with their 6 classes. For the study factorial design was used to investigate the partial and combined effects of Conceptual Approach and Combined Reading Study Strategy. Physics Attitude Scale and Physics Achievement Tests were administered as pre-test. Two classes instructed by conceptual approach with combined reading study strategy, two classes instructed by conceptual approach without combined reading study strategy and the left two classes were instructed by traditional instruction with combined reading study strategy. After two months treatments, Physics Attitude Scale and Physics Achievement Test were administered as post-test. The data obtained from the administration of post-tests were analyzed by statistical techniques of Multivariate Analyses of Covariance (MANCOVA). According to the results of this study the conceptual approach and combined reading strategy methods have greater affect on the students&rsquo / achievement compared to other conceptual approach without combined reading study strategy and traditional instruction with combined reading study strategy.

The work deals with associative thinking and its relation to form design. In contrast to present "conceptual procedures", the creative process is based on "Ad hoc" ways of working, where the designer / engineer becomes a handyman / bricoleur. However, if the architect becomes a bricoleur, he must also get rid of the conceptualization of the work through a plan. This apparent detail inevitably leads to the reconfiguration of other parts of the profession, present since the time of Alberti, when the relationship between the architect and the client is defined by the drawing - the plan. The project simulates the probable way of organizing the work of the architect / bricoleur of the present.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to offer small to medium-sized organizations (SMOs) with global business aspirations an innovative approach to performance measurement and management. Design/methodology/approach: The first phase of this research is based on a literature review. The second phase capitalizes on the literature review to offer a conceptual framework aimed at improving the performance measurement approach utilized by SMOs. The advocated approach stresses performance measurement, benchmarking, and effective implementation. Findings: The conceptual approach offered in this study represents the main outcome of this applied research. The advocated approach integrates several frameworks in an effort to address practical concerns related to performance measurement, management, and improvement. Research limitations/implications: The research offered in this study has practical and theoretical implications. The proposed approach offered by this study should be refined and validated through future research. Practical implications: The approach presented in this study offers practicing managers a systematic and practical approach to performance measurement, management, and improvement. Originality/value: The approach offered in this study capitalizes on several methodologies and tools to offer managers a benchmarking-based performance management approach suitable for SMOs with global operational aspirations.

Cette thèse traite de la formation des enseignants. Les métiers de la maintenance dans le contexte gabonais s'organisent sur une importante diversité de pratiques professionnelles. Elle apprécie la posture adoptée à l'égard de cette diversité par des élèves professeurs de l'ENSET et l'incidence de la formation sur leur évolution. L'objectif est la modification du rapport aux savoirs des enseignants. L'étude présente l'analyse comparative de l'activité de deux groupes préalablement soumis à des approches pédagogiques différentes. Elle s'est intéressée au calage statique de l'allumage. Soumis au même questionnaire, au pré test et au post test, et à un entretien semi directif, les productions ont subi une analyse qualitative de contenu portée sur la maitrise des concepts, la construction des gestes et l'adaptabilité à l'évolution technologique. Les résultats montrent de meilleurs pré requis du groupe témoin au pré test ; une meilleure acquisition des concepts du groupe expérimental au post test ; une bonne efficacité d'ensemble lors du calage de l'allumage classique ; un bon transfert de connaissances du groupe expérimental lors du changement de technologie et une meilleure conceptualisation de la situation du groupe expérimental lors des verbatim. Cette thèse pose que l'identification de concepts clés et leur mise en perspective dans des situations professionnelles représentatives de la diversité, est une solution possible pour organiser ces formations. Elle postule que la connaissance du principe, associée à l'acquisition des compétences relatives aux technologies, est susceptible de faciliter l'adaptation à l'emploi des élèves ainsi formés. / This thesis deals with the training of teachers. In the context of Gabonese maintenance trades are organised on a large variety of professional practices. Appreciates posture adopted this diversity by professors of the ENSET students and the impact of the training on their evolution. The goal is the change in the knowledge of teachers. The study presents the comparative analysis of the activity of two groups previously subject to different educational approaches. She is interested in the static ignition timing. Submitted to the same questionnaire, the pre test and post test, and a semi directive interview, productions have undergone a qualitative analysis of content on mastery of concepts, the construction of the gestures and adaptability to technological change. The results show best prerequisites of the witness to the pre test group; a better acquisition of concepts in the experimental group the test post; a good overall efficiency during the classical ignition timing; a good transfer of knowledge in the experimental group during the change in technology and a better conceptualization of the situation of the experimental group when the verbatim. This thesis is that the identification of key concepts and putting them in perspective in professional situations representative of diversity, is a possible solution for these courses. It postulates that the knowledge of the principle, associated with the acquisition of skills in technology, is capable of adapting to the use of the trained students.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagner Pulido Rodrigues.pdf: 1730717 bytes, checksum: 7025d58f2018d65258a4871fb6e09222 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research proposed here was dedicated to the analysis of part of the didactic material referred to as Caderno do Professor [Teacher‟s Brochure] and Caderno do Aluno [Student‟s Brochure] , distributed in the year of 2008 by the São Paulo State Department of Education to the high school teachers in public school of the State. In view of standardizing the school curriculum of the State of São Paulo, the Cadernos do Professor, and the correlated Cadernos do Aluno [Student‟s Brochure], were prepared to each subject in the school curriculum, to each grade in the elementary school of cycle II and in high school, and, to each of the four school bimesters. This research was restricted to the examination of the Caderno do Professor de Matemática [Mathematics Teacher‟s Brochure], in particular regarding to the study of the calculation of volumes of solids, also known historically to stereometry. Was examined if, in the Cadernos, there is a conceptual approach of the calculation of volumes, that is, if the section dedicated to this topic is based on an approach that favors the investigation of the fundaments of the concepts studied. The research had the purpose of evaluating whether and to which extent the Cadernos do Professor de Matemática, at the approach to stereometry, take into consideration the specificity of the subject, consistent mainly in its abstract character, in a way to provide the teacher conditions to overcome the difficulties raised by such specificities to the learning process. The theoretical framework that guided the research mainly consists of the mathematical theory of learning developed by Raymond Duval, and texts aimed at teacher training related to the research topic. According to Duval, the difficulties in learning arising out of the abstract character of mathematics may be overcome by means of procedures enabling the processes of visualization and manipulation of the mathematical concepts and objects. Among such procedures we have the historic presentation of the matters discussed, and the consideration with the daily concerns of the students. It was estimated that procedures such as these are capable of triggering the curiosity of the student for the subject, therefore, with the purpose of making the learning process less difficult and more pleasant. The analysis indicated that the material can allow a conceptual approach to the calculation of volumes of geometric solids. Also identified were aspects of the material that could be improved. Therefore, suggestions were made for complementary activities / A presente pesquisa dedicou-se à análise de parte dos materiais didáticos denominados Caderno do Professor e Caderno do Aluno , distribuídos em 2008 e 2009 pela Secretaria de Estado da Educação de São Paulo aos professores e alunos de ensino médio das escolas públicas do Estado. Com vistas a uniformizar o currículo escolar do estado de São Paulo, os Cadernos foram elaborados para cada uma das disciplinas do currículo escolar, para cada série de ensino fundamental do ciclo II e do ensino médio, para cada um dos quatro bimestres letivos. Tal pesquisa restringiu-se ao exame da parte dos Cadernos de Matemática consagrada ao estudo do cálculo de volumes de sólidos, também denominado historicamente de estereometria. Foi examinado se nos Cadernos há uma abordagem conceitual do cálculo de volumes, isto é, se o trecho dedicado a esse tópico se pauta por uma abordagem que privilegia a investigação dos fundamentos dos conceitos estudados. A pesquisa visou avaliar se e em que medida os Cadernos do Professor e do Aluno de Matemática, na abordagem da estereometria, contemplam a especificidade da disciplina, consistente precipuamente no seu caráter abstrato, de sorte a proporcionar ao professor as condições de superação das dificuldades que aquelas especificidades acarretam para o processo de aprendizado. O referencial teórico que norteou a investigação consiste principalmente da teoria sobre aprendizagem de matemática desenvolvida por Raymond Duval, bem como textos direcionados à formação de professores relacionados ao tema da pesquisa. De acordo com Duval, as dificuldades de aprendizado decorrentes do caráter abstrato da matemática podem ser contornadas a partir de procedimentos que viabilizem os processos de visualização e de manipulação dos conceitos e objetos matemáticos. Dentre esses procedimentos contam-se a apresentação histórica dos assuntos abordados, e em consonância com as preocupações cotidianas dos estudantes. Estimou-se aqui que procedimentos como esses são aptos a despertar a curiosidade do estudante pelo assunto, tendo por isso o condão de tornar o aprendizado um processo menos árduo e mais agradável. As análises indicaram que o material pode possibilitar uma abordagem conceitual do cálculo de volumes de sólidos geométricos. Também foram identificados aspectos do material que poderiam ser melhorados. Sendo assim, foram feitas sugestões de atividades complementares

Esta pesquisa focaliza as concepções de língua e escrita de alunos de um curso de escrita em inglês fundamentado na perspectiva conceitual (FERREIRA, 2005), uma abordagem para o ensino da escrita em língua estrangeira que alia a escola australiana de gêneros textuais a uma pedagogia baseada na teoria da atividade, conhecida como MAC (Movimento do Abstrato para o Concreto). Com base nos pressupostos da perspectiva vygotskiana (VYGOTSKY, 1978, 1987) e tendo como referência as concepções de língua e escrita subjacentes às três principais abordagens para o ensino da escrita em inglês, tradicional, processual e social (cf. FERREIRA, 2005, 2011), buscou-se verificar se ocorre ou não mudança nas concepções de língua e escrita dos alunos ao longo do curso. Planejado e ministrado pela própria pesquisadora, o curso intitulado Praticando a escrita em inglês por meio de gêneros textuais: a argumentação, foi oferecido como curso de extensão em uma universidade pública do estado de São Paulo. Participaram da pesquisa seis alunas, com idades entre 23 e 51 anos. A maioria possui graduação em Letras e apenas uma não é pós-graduada. A seguinte pergunta de pesquisa foi elaborada: houve mudança nas concepções de língua e escrita dos alunos ao longo do curso? Para responder a essa pergunta de pesquisa, foram identificadas as concepções de língua e escrita das participantes no início (1ª etapa da análise) e ao longo do curso (2ª etapa da análise). Os dados coletados no início do curso correspondem às respostas das alunas às perguntas feitas pela instrutora em uma Ficha de Identificação e em um Teste de Proficiência. A análise desse primeiro conjunto de dados revelou concepções tradicionais de língua e escrita por parte das alunas, decorrentes, principalmente, 1) de sua crença na necessidade de conhecimentos relacionados à gramática e a vocabulário, 2) da apresentação de objetivos categorizados como escolar e emocional, 3) da experiência mecânica e descontextualizada que tiveram com a escrita no contexto escolar e 4) da ausência quase total de usos significativos da escrita em seu dia a dia. Os dados coletados ao longo do curso correspondem às declarações e respostas das alunas às perguntas feitas pela instrutora em seus diários dialogados. A análise desse segundo conjunto de dados revelou, por sua vez, o início de um processo de mudança propiciado pelas reflexões realizadas em aula e em seus diários. Podemos dizer que esse estudo confirmou a importância do foco nas crenças e, principalmente, na mudança de crenças no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de línguas considerando-se, sobretudo, a precariedade do ensino da escrita nos dias atuais, como revelam estudos recentes nessa área (FERREIRA, 2011; RIOS, 2010). / This research investigates the conceptions of language and writing of six students in an English writing course based on the conceptual approach (FERREIRA, 2005), a perspective for teaching second language writing which joins the Australian school of genres with a pedagogy based on Activity Theory called Movement from the Abstract to the Concrete (MAC). Based on Vygotskys theory (VYGOTSKY, 1978, 1987) and on the conceptions of language and writing from the three main approaches for second language writing teaching (see FERREIRA, 2005, 2011), this study analyses the changes in students conceptions of language and writing along the course. Planned and organized by the researcher herself, the course named Praticando a escrita em inglês por meio de gêneros textuais: a argumentação, was offered as a short-time course in a public university in the city of São Paulo. The participants were between 23 and 51 years old. Most of them were graduate students of Language and only one was not yet post graduated. The following research question was formulated: Was there any change in the students conception of language and writing along the course? In order to answer this question, we identified the students conceptions of language and writing in the beginning and along the course. The data collected in the beginning of the course corresponded to the students answers to questions formulated by the instructor in a Identification Form and in a Proficiency Test. The analyses of this group of data revealed traditional conceptions of language and writing on the part of the students, represented, mainly, by 1) their beliefs in the necessity of grammatical and lexical knowledge, 2) by the presence of objectives categorized as scholastic and emotional, 3) by their mechanical and de-contextualized experience with writing in school and 4) by the absence of significant uses of writing in their ordinary life. The data collected along the course corresponded to free declarations and the students answers to questions formulated by the instructor in their dialogue journals. This second group of data revealed the beginning of a changing process in the students conceptions of language and writing as a result of the reflections done in class and in their dialogue journals. We can say that this research confirmed the importance of focusing on beliefs and, mainly, on beliefs changes in the process of language teaching and learning, considering the problems faced by the teaching of second language writing, as recent studies have shown (FERREIRA, 2011; RIOS, 2010).

Esta pesquisa focaliza as concepções de língua e escrita de alunos de um curso de escrita em inglês fundamentado na perspectiva conceitual (FERREIRA, 2005), uma abordagem para o ensino da escrita em língua estrangeira que alia a escola australiana de gêneros textuais a uma pedagogia baseada na teoria da atividade, conhecida como MAC (Movimento do Abstrato para o Concreto). Com base nos pressupostos da perspectiva vygotskiana (VYGOTSKY, 1978, 1987) e tendo como referência as concepções de língua e escrita subjacentes às três principais abordagens para o ensino da escrita em inglês, tradicional, processual e social (cf. FERREIRA, 2005, 2011), buscou-se verificar se ocorre ou não mudança nas concepções de língua e escrita dos alunos ao longo do curso. Planejado e ministrado pela própria pesquisadora, o curso intitulado Praticando a escrita em inglês por meio de gêneros textuais: a argumentação, foi oferecido como curso de extensão em uma universidade pública do estado de São Paulo. Participaram da pesquisa seis alunas, com idades entre 23 e 51 anos. A maioria possui graduação em Letras e apenas uma não é pós-graduada. A seguinte pergunta de pesquisa foi elaborada: houve mudança nas concepções de língua e escrita dos alunos ao longo do curso? Para responder a essa pergunta de pesquisa, foram identificadas as concepções de língua e escrita das participantes no início (1ª etapa da análise) e ao longo do curso (2ª etapa da análise). Os dados coletados no início do curso correspondem às respostas das alunas às perguntas feitas pela instrutora em uma Ficha de Identificação e em um Teste de Proficiência. A análise desse primeiro conjunto de dados revelou concepções tradicionais de língua e escrita por parte das alunas, decorrentes, principalmente, 1) de sua crença na necessidade de conhecimentos relacionados à gramática e a vocabulário, 2) da apresentação de objetivos categorizados como escolar e emocional, 3) da experiência mecânica e descontextualizada que tiveram com a escrita no contexto escolar e 4) da ausência quase total de usos significativos da escrita em seu dia a dia. Os dados coletados ao longo do curso correspondem às declarações e respostas das alunas às perguntas feitas pela instrutora em seus diários dialogados. A análise desse segundo conjunto de dados revelou, por sua vez, o início de um processo de mudança propiciado pelas reflexões realizadas em aula e em seus diários. Podemos dizer que esse estudo confirmou a importância do foco nas crenças e, principalmente, na mudança de crenças no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de línguas considerando-se, sobretudo, a precariedade do ensino da escrita nos dias atuais, como revelam estudos recentes nessa área (FERREIRA, 2011; RIOS, 2010). / This research investigates the conceptions of language and writing of six students in an English writing course based on the conceptual approach (FERREIRA, 2005), a perspective for teaching second language writing which joins the Australian school of genres with a pedagogy based on Activity Theory called Movement from the Abstract to the Concrete (MAC). Based on Vygotskys theory (VYGOTSKY, 1978, 1987) and on the conceptions of language and writing from the three main approaches for second language writing teaching (see FERREIRA, 2005, 2011), this study analyses the changes in students conceptions of language and writing along the course. Planned and organized by the researcher herself, the course named Praticando a escrita em inglês por meio de gêneros textuais: a argumentação, was offered as a short-time course in a public university in the city of São Paulo. The participants were between 23 and 51 years old. Most of them were graduate students of Language and only one was not yet post graduated. The following research question was formulated: Was there any change in the students conception of language and writing along the course? In order to answer this question, we identified the students conceptions of language and writing in the beginning and along the course. The data collected in the beginning of the course corresponded to the students answers to questions formulated by the instructor in a Identification Form and in a Proficiency Test. The analyses of this group of data revealed traditional conceptions of language and writing on the part of the students, represented, mainly, by 1) their beliefs in the necessity of grammatical and lexical knowledge, 2) by the presence of objectives categorized as scholastic and emotional, 3) by their mechanical and de-contextualized experience with writing in school and 4) by the absence of significant uses of writing in their ordinary life. The data collected along the course corresponded to free declarations and the students answers to questions formulated by the instructor in their dialogue journals. This second group of data revealed the beginning of a changing process in the students conceptions of language and writing as a result of the reflections done in class and in their dialogue journals. We can say that this research confirmed the importance of focusing on beliefs and, mainly, on beliefs changes in the process of language teaching and learning, considering the problems faced by the teaching of second language writing, as recent studies have shown (FERREIRA, 2011; RIOS, 2010).