<p>The objective of this essay has been to show how the image of the Soviet Union in “Alla tiders historia” differs in the 1989 and 2004 editions of the book. To explain these differences I have used a discourse analytic perspective, mainly inspired by Michel Foucault and his philosophical theories of the constructions of objects, and also Faircloughs critical discourse analysis inspired by Gramsci.</p><p>In this paper the two editions of “Alla tiders historia” are presented with quotes which are then analysed from using my theoretical framework. In the 1989 edition three themes emerged: continuity, undecidability and ambivalence, which together present an image of a Soviet Union which is not clearly defined within the political discourse.</p><p>In the 2004 edition this struggle over the discourse has been settled and the Soviet Union’s position as a dictatorship has been determined, at the same time as the Soviet Union is put in a negative relationship with Czar Russia and is connected with Nazi Germany. The hypothesis which this essay presume, that these differences reflect a greater discoursive shift on a social level has taken place since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 is in a sense confirmed.</p>

The objective of this essay has been to show how the image of the Soviet Union in “Alla tiders historia” differs in the 1989 and 2004 editions of the book. To explain these differences I have used a discourse analytic perspective, mainly inspired by Michel Foucault and his philosophical theories of the constructions of objects, and also Faircloughs critical discourse analysis inspired by Gramsci. In this paper the two editions of “Alla tiders historia” are presented with quotes which are then analysed from using my theoretical framework. In the 1989 edition three themes emerged: continuity, undecidability and ambivalence, which together present an image of a Soviet Union which is not clearly defined within the political discourse. In the 2004 edition this struggle over the discourse has been settled and the Soviet Union’s position as a dictatorship has been determined, at the same time as the Soviet Union is put in a negative relationship with Czar Russia and is connected with Nazi Germany. The hypothesis which this essay presume, that these differences reflect a greater discoursive shift on a social level has taken place since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 is in a sense confirmed.

Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta uma análise discursiva de enunciados veiculados na feira boliviana da Praça Kantuta, realizada aos domingos em São Paulo. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar nos discursos de pessoas da coletividade boliviana registrados em atos públicos realizados na Praça Kantuta os enunciados que indicassem filiações a memórias discursivas relacionadas à nacionalidade e à migração na América do Sul. Reunimos os enunciados selecionados em três grupos de fragmentos de discurso, que analisamos como sequências discursivas em função, principalmente, das repetições, da recorrência de formulações relacionadas à representação do ser boliviano em São Paulo, ao modo de referir a Praça Kantuta e ao processo de conquista/apropriação do espaço para realização da feira. Adotamos essa metodologia porque nos pareceu a mais adequada aos nossos objetivos; além disso, verificamos que há antecedentes, nos estudos discursivos, de trabalhos de análise nos quais o ordenamento desta se realiza a partir de unidades em repetição. Para construir nossa interpretação dos fatos de discurso observados na feira, levamos em conta as condições de produção do discurso, atentando tanto para o contexto imediato quanto para o contexto sócio-histórico, conforme propõe Orlandi (2012). Assim, nossa dissertação inclui um levantamento de estudos sobre as migrações bolivianas realizados por pesquisadores de outras áreas com as quais temos dialogado, fundamentalmente a sociologia e a geografia urbana. Consideramos as migrações bolivianas internas e internacionais; a ocupação dos espaços públicos pelos bolivianos que protagonizam deslocamentos populacionais massivos em busca de subsistência; a função das línguas no ambiente da Feira Kantuta; a representação do boliviano em enunciados veiculados na feira; e a construção do objeto de discurso Praça/Feira Kantuta. / This master\'s thesis presents a discursive analysis of enunciations made at Praça Kantuta\'s Bolivian market, which takes place on Sundays in São Paulo. The general objective of the research was to identify in the discourses of persons from the Bolivian community registered during public celebrations at Praça Kantuta the enunciations that could indicate affiliations to discursive memories related to nationality and to migration in South America. We divided the selected enunciations in three groups of discourse fragments that we analyze as discursive sequences due to repetitions, to recurrence of formulations related to the representation of being Bolivian in São Paulo, to the way to refer to Praça Kantuta and to the process of appropriation of a space where those migrants could implement their market. We used that methodology because it seemed the most adequate for our objectives; furthermore, we verified in discursive studies some examples of analysis where its organization is made in repeating units. In order to build our interpretation of the discursive facts that we found at the Bolivian market, we considered the speech production conditions, regarding the immediate context and the socio-historical context, as Orlandi (2012) suggests. Thus, our master\'s thesis includes an overview of studies about the Bolivian migrations made by researchers of other areas of knowledge that are interesting to us, such as sociology and urban geography. We do regard internal and international Bolivian migrations; the occupation of public spaces by those Bolivians starring massive population displacements looking for subsistence; the function of the languages at the Feira Kantuta; the representation of the Bolivians in enunciations made on the environment of their market; and the construction of the discourse object Praça/Feira Kantuta.

Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta uma análise discursiva de enunciados veiculados na feira boliviana da Praça Kantuta, realizada aos domingos em São Paulo. O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar nos discursos de pessoas da coletividade boliviana registrados em atos públicos realizados na Praça Kantuta os enunciados que indicassem filiações a memórias discursivas relacionadas à nacionalidade e à migração na América do Sul. Reunimos os enunciados selecionados em três grupos de fragmentos de discurso, que analisamos como sequências discursivas em função, principalmente, das repetições, da recorrência de formulações relacionadas à representação do ser boliviano em São Paulo, ao modo de referir a Praça Kantuta e ao processo de conquista/apropriação do espaço para realização da feira. Adotamos essa metodologia porque nos pareceu a mais adequada aos nossos objetivos; além disso, verificamos que há antecedentes, nos estudos discursivos, de trabalhos de análise nos quais o ordenamento desta se realiza a partir de unidades em repetição. Para construir nossa interpretação dos fatos de discurso observados na feira, levamos em conta as condições de produção do discurso, atentando tanto para o contexto imediato quanto para o contexto sócio-histórico, conforme propõe Orlandi (2012). Assim, nossa dissertação inclui um levantamento de estudos sobre as migrações bolivianas realizados por pesquisadores de outras áreas com as quais temos dialogado, fundamentalmente a sociologia e a geografia urbana. Consideramos as migrações bolivianas internas e internacionais; a ocupação dos espaços públicos pelos bolivianos que protagonizam deslocamentos populacionais massivos em busca de subsistência; a função das línguas no ambiente da Feira Kantuta; a representação do boliviano em enunciados veiculados na feira; e a construção do objeto de discurso Praça/Feira Kantuta. / This master\'s thesis presents a discursive analysis of enunciations made at Praça Kantuta\'s Bolivian market, which takes place on Sundays in São Paulo. The general objective of the research was to identify in the discourses of persons from the Bolivian community registered during public celebrations at Praça Kantuta the enunciations that could indicate affiliations to discursive memories related to nationality and to migration in South America. We divided the selected enunciations in three groups of discourse fragments that we analyze as discursive sequences due to repetitions, to recurrence of formulations related to the representation of being Bolivian in São Paulo, to the way to refer to Praça Kantuta and to the process of appropriation of a space where those migrants could implement their market. We used that methodology because it seemed the most adequate for our objectives; furthermore, we verified in discursive studies some examples of analysis where its organization is made in repeating units. In order to build our interpretation of the discursive facts that we found at the Bolivian market, we considered the speech production conditions, regarding the immediate context and the socio-historical context, as Orlandi (2012) suggests. Thus, our master\'s thesis includes an overview of studies about the Bolivian migrations made by researchers of other areas of knowledge that are interesting to us, such as sociology and urban geography. We do regard internal and international Bolivian migrations; the occupation of public spaces by those Bolivians starring massive population displacements looking for subsistence; the function of the languages at the Feira Kantuta; the representation of the Bolivians in enunciations made on the environment of their market; and the construction of the discourse object Praça/Feira Kantuta.